{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T13:47:31Z","timestamp":1792417651393,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T20:38:05Z","timestamp":1394656685000},"page":"e91167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of the Calcium Channel Blocker Nicardipine on Microglial Cells: Implications for Neuroprotection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bor-Ren","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Chun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Lan","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hao","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Fang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chingju","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Yun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caren Yu-Ju","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Ying","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiang-Suo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Horng-Chaung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dah-Yuu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3916","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.3916","article-title":"Microglia initiate central nervous system innate and adaptive immune responses through multiple TLRs","volume":"173","author":"JK Olson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000328989","article-title":"The yin and yang of microglia","volume":"33","author":"M Czeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410371379","article-title":"Inflammation in neurological disorders: a help or a hindrance","volume":"16","author":"V Wee Yong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1629","article-title":"Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood","volume":"9","author":"Y Ziv","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22358","article-title":"Purinergic receptors in microglia: functional modal shifts of microglia mediated by P2 and P1 receptors","volume":"61","author":"S Koizumi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomed.2011.10.003","article-title":"P2X7 receptor as a double-edged sword: Neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects","volume":"1","author":"YM Leung","year":"2011","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527311312050008","article-title":"Innate immunity in Alzheimer&apos;s disease: a complex affair","volume":"12","author":"MV Guillot-Sestier","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21008","article-title":"Microglial activation in regions related to cognitive function predicts disease onset in Huntington&apos;s disease: a multimodal imaging study","volume":"32","author":"M Politis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2038","article-title":"Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms","volume":"8","author":"ML Block","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-010-0428-1","article-title":"Neuroinflammation is a key player in Parkinson&apos;s disease and a prime target for therapy","volume":"117","author":"L Qian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"73","article-title":"Microglia and ischemic stroke: a double-edged sword","volume":"5","author":"AR Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.11.051","article-title":"Chronic treadmill running protects hippocampal neurons from hypobaric hypoxia-induced apoptosis in rats","volume":"231","author":"C Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)63213-6","article-title":"Expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 in glia associated with CNS pathology","volume":"118","author":"AK Loihl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6480","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-17-06480.2001","article-title":"Inflammatory neurodegeneration mediated by nitric oxide from activated glia-inhibiting neuronal respiration, causing glutamate release and excitotoxicity","volume":"21","author":"A Bal-Price","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)61151-6","article-title":"Reactions of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite with superoxide dismutase in neurodegeneration","volume":"103","author":"JS Beckman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.58.1.65","article-title":"Modulation of human microglial cell superoxide production by cytokines","volume":"58","author":"CC Chao","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10597","article-title":"Oxidative neurotoxicity in rat cerebral cortex neurons: synergistic effects of H2O2 and NO on apoptosis involving activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and caspase-3","volume":"72","author":"JY Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-007-0058-8","article-title":"Function of COX-2 and prostaglandins in neurological disease","volume":"33","author":"X Liang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612003398672","article-title":"Cyclooxygenases in the central nervous system: implications for treatment of neurological disorders","volume":"6","author":"A Yermakova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600058","article-title":"Obligatory role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in ischemic preconditioning","volume":"25","author":"S Cho","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2000.0914","article-title":"Inflammatory regulators in Parkinson&apos;s disease: iNOS, lipocortin-1, and cyclooxygenases-1 and -2","volume":"16","author":"C Knott","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmuson S, Nasman B, Olsson T (2011) Increased serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in women with mild to moderate Alzheimer&apos;s disease. Int Psychogeriatr: 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211000810"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-012-0750-0","article-title":"Levels of amyloid beta-42, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in Alzheimer&apos;s disease and vascular dementia","volume":"37","author":"S Uslu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7004","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.20.7004-7014.2002","article-title":"Regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha expression and function by the mammalian target of rapamycin","volume":"22","author":"CC Hudson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.80.5.0788","article-title":"A randomized trial of two doses of nicardipine in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A report of the Cooperative Aneurysm Study","volume":"80","author":"EC Haley Jr","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS.2008.109.12.1065","article-title":"Management of hypertensive emergencies in acute brain disease: evaluation of the treatment effects of intravenous nicardipine on cerebral oxygenation","volume":"109","author":"PK Narotam","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.1.18","article-title":"Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow surrounding acute (6 to 22 hours) intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"57","author":"WJ Powers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.7461\/jcen.2012.14.2.84","article-title":"Effectiveness of nicardipine for blood pressure control in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"14","author":"SY Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"6","article-title":"Expansion of recruitment time window in antihypertensive treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage (ATACH) II trial","volume":"5","author":"A Qureshi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Neurology"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9538-3","article-title":"Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (ATACH) II: design, methods, and rationale","volume":"15","author":"AI Qureshi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurocritical Care"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.5692\/clinicalneurol.52.642","article-title":"[Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (ATACH)-II at Japan site: study design and advance construction of domestic research network]","volume":"52","author":"S Sato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku Clinical Neurology"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amenta F, Strocchi P, Sabbatini M (1996) Vascular and neuronal hypertensive brain damage: protective effect of treatment with nicardipine. Journal of Hypertension Supplement 14: S29\u201335.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199610003-00006"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1081\/CEH-120034139","article-title":"Treatment with nicardipine protects brain in an animal model of hypertension-induced damage","volume":"26","author":"F Amenta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Hypertension"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1080\/10641960802580190","article-title":"Nicardipine: a hypotensive dihydropyridine-type calcium antagonist with a peculiar cerebrovascular profile","volume":"30","author":"F Amenta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Hypertension"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1159\/000047610","article-title":"Effect of nicardipine and magnesiumon cerebral infarction - brain surface perfusion technique","volume":"11","author":"C Mikami","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(02)02273-7","article-title":"Spatial and temporal aspects of Ca2+ signaling mediated by P2Y receptors in cultured rat hippocampal astrocytes","volume":"72","author":"S Koizumi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2010.11.006","article-title":"A nicardipine-sensitive Ca2+ entry contributes to the hypotonicity-induced increase in [Ca2+]i of principal cells in rat cortical collecting duct","volume":"49","author":"Y Komagiri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.10.002","article-title":"Verapamil protects dopaminergic neuron damage through a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism by inhibition of microglial activation","volume":"60","author":"Y Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.02112.x","article-title":"Nimodipine inhibits IL-1beta release stimulated by amyloid beta from microglia","volume":"167","author":"JM Sanz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00873.x","article-title":"Guidelines for reporting experiments involving animals: the ARRIVE guidelines","volume":"160","author":"JC McGrath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3109\/08037059709086442","article-title":"Carvedilol and its metabolites suppress endothelin-1 production in human endothelial cell culture","volume":"6","author":"O Saijonmaa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood Press"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01273360","article-title":"Influence of nicardipine, nimodipine and flunarizine on the anticonvulsant efficacy of antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol in mice","volume":"103","author":"M Gasior","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.06.020","article-title":"Antineuroinflammatory effects of lycopene via activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-alpha1\/heme oxygenase-1 pathways","volume":"35","author":"HY Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9877","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13089877","article-title":"Wogonin induces reactive oxygen species production and cell apoptosis in human glioma cancer cells","volume":"13","author":"CF Tsai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22966","article-title":"Phloroglucinol derivative MCPP induces cell apoptosis in human colon cancer","volume":"112","author":"SM Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.09.002","article-title":"Peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge promotes microglial hyperactivity in aged mice that is associated with exaggerated induction of both pro-inflammatory IL-1beta and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokines","volume":"23","author":"CJ Henry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.10.019","article-title":"Berberine induces heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/AKT and NF-E2-related factor-2 signaling pathway in astrocytes","volume":"12","author":"JH Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.23209","article-title":"Ghrelin induces cell migration through GHS-R, CaMKII, AMPK, and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in glioma cells","volume":"112","author":"JH Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2010.06.046","article-title":"Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor induces cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression in glioma cells","volume":"80","author":"DY Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos262","article-title":"Osteopontin increases heme oxygenase-1 expression and subsequently induces cell migration and invasion in glioma cells","volume":"14","author":"DY Lu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10738","article-title":"Clonal evolution in relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia revealed by whole-genome sequencing","volume":"481","author":"L Ding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.03.004","article-title":"Interaction of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in microglia by Staphylococcus aureus-derived lipoteichoic acid","volume":"269","author":"BR Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomed.2012.11.003","article-title":"Down-regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in Ca2+ store-depleted rat insulinoma RINm5F cells","volume":"3","author":"YM Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22489","article-title":"Peptidoglycan induces interleukin-6 expression through the TLR2 receptor, JNK, c-Jun, and AP-1 pathways in microglia","volume":"226","author":"HY Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2010.04.026","article-title":"Peptidoglycan enhances proinflammatory cytokine expression through the TLR2 receptor, MyD88, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/AKT and NF-kappaB pathways in BV-2 microglia","volume":"10","author":"HY Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.03.001","article-title":"SDF-1alpha up-regulates interleukin-6 through CXCR4, PI3K\/Akt, ERK, and NF-kappaB-dependent pathway in microglia","volume":"613","author":"DY Lu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707187","article-title":"YC-1 attenuates LPS-induced proinflammatory responses and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in microglia","volume":"151","author":"DY Lu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.06.038","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced iNOS expression in microglia is regulated by the PI3-kinase\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway and activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha","volume":"72","author":"DY Lu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22580","article-title":"Berberine suppresses neuroinflammatory responses through AMP-activated protein kinase activation in BV-2 microglia","volume":"110","author":"DY Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"844","article-title":"Safety and feasibility of intra-arterial nicardipine for the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage-associated vasospasm: initial clinical experience with high-dose infusions","volume":"28","author":"JG Tejada","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"384","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines for the management of traumatic brain injury","volume":"109","author":"JW Gianino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Missouri Medicine"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000220763.85974.E8","article-title":"Treatment of acute hypertension in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage using American Heart Association guidelines","volume":"34","author":"AI Qureshi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200767070-00007","article-title":"Controlled hypotension: a guide to drug choice","volume":"67","author":"CS Degoute","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2010.08.001","article-title":"Post-ischemic administration of nimodipine following focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats alleviated excitotoxicity, neurobehavioural alterations and partially the bioenergetics","volume":"29","author":"CS Babu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.04.149","article-title":"Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits inflammatory and fibrogenic gene expressions in advanced glycation end product (AGE)-exposed fibroblasts via mineralocorticoid receptor antagonistic activity","volume":"396","author":"T Matsui","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.31122","article-title":"L-type calcium channels and psychiatric disorders: A brief review","volume":"153B","author":"F Casamassima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.01.016","article-title":"Calcium channel antagonists: clinical uses\u2014past, present and future","volume":"74","author":"DJ Triggle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.05.033","article-title":"Inhibition of human astrocyte and microglia neurotoxicity by calcium channel blockers","volume":"63","author":"S Hashioka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.02.003","article-title":"Characterization of the microglial phenotype under specific pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory conditions: Effects of oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid-beta","volume":"210","author":"A Michelucci","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001204000322","article-title":"Nimodipine improves regional cerebral blood flow and suppresses inflammatory factors in the hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia","volume":"40","author":"XL Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomed.2013.08.001","article-title":"Increased IL-8 and IL-1\u03b2 in the bile of acute cholecystitis patients","volume":"3","author":"PY Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomed.2012.12.006","article-title":"Infectious diseases: A never-ending threat","volume":"3","author":"MC Maa","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.139725","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults","volume":"8","author":"ES Schut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.36.4.407-477.1972","article-title":"Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications","volume":"36","author":"KH Schleifer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bacteriol Rev"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.23.521","article-title":"The effects of calcium channel blockers on nuclear factor kappa B activation in the mesangium cells","volume":"23","author":"M Hayashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712000338","article-title":"Interferon-alpha induces nitric oxide synthase expression and haem oxygenase-1 down-regulation in microglia: implications of cellular mechanism of IFN-alpha-induced depression","volume":"16","author":"DY Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0091167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:23:17Z","timestamp":1648588997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0091167"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alice Y. W.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0091167","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]}}}