{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:02:59Z","timestamp":1790035379624,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408492800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T18:19:30Z","timestamp":1408558770000},"page":"e105542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Predicting Progression of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Using Ordinal Regression"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Orla M.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Westman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre F.","family":"Marquand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Mecocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Vellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Tsolaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"K\u0142oszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilkka","family":"Soininen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Lovestone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve C. R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.013","article-title":"Automatic classification of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease from structural MRI: a comparison of ten methods using the ADNI database","volume":"56","author":"R Cuingnet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davatzikos C, Bhatt P, Shaw LM, Batmanghelich KN, Trojanowski JQ (2011) Prediction of MCI to AD conversion, via MRI, CSF biomarkers, and pattern classification. Neurobiol Aging 32.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.05.023"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.058","article-title":"Prediction of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in subjects with mild cognitive impairment from the ADNI cohort using patterns of cortical thinning","volume":"65","author":"SF Eskildsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan Y, ADNI (2011) Ordinal ranking for detecting mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease based on multimodal neuroimages and CSF biomarkers. Proceedings of the First international conference on multimodal brain image analysis. Toronto, Canada: Springer-Verlag. 44\u201351.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24446-9_6"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.065","article-title":"Random forest-based similarity measures for multi-modal classification of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"KR Gray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.04.056","article-title":"Combining MRI and CSF measures for classification of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and prediction of mild cognitive impairment conversion","volume":"62","author":"E Westman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21896","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021896","article-title":"Identification of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer\u2019s disease using multivariate predictors","volume":"6","author":"Y Cui","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.05.004","article-title":"Accurate multimodal probabilistic prediction of conversion to Alzheimer\u2019s disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"2","author":"J Young","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2511080924","article-title":"Alzheimer disease: quantitative structural neuroimaging for detection and prediction of clinical and structural changes in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"251","author":"LK McEvoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25446","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025446","article-title":"Multi-method analysis of MRI images in early diagnostics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"R Wolz","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm319","article-title":"Automatic classification of MR scans in Alzheimers disease","volume":"131","author":"S Kloppel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318281ccd3","article-title":"Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: rates and acceleration","volume":"80","author":"KK Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15441-X","article-title":"Imaging cerebral atrophy: normal ageing to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"363","author":"NC Fox","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000110315.26026.EF","article-title":"Comparison of different MRI brain atrophy rate measures with clinical disease progression in AD","volume":"62","author":"CR Jack Jr","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Gaussian processes for ordinal regression","volume":"6","author":"W Chu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000311446.61861.e3","article-title":"Whole-brain atrophy rate in Alzheimer disease: identifying fast progressors","volume":"70","author":"JD Sluimer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70299-6","article-title":"Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer\u2019s pathological cascade","volume":"9","author":"CR Jack Jr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.07.012","article-title":"Nonlinear time course of brain volume loss in cognitively normal and impaired elders","volume":"33","author":"N Schuff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hastie T, Tibshirani R, Friedman JH (2009) The elements of statistical learning: data mining, inference, and prediction. New York, NY: Springer. xxii, 745 p. p.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-84858-7"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.033","article-title":"Locally linear embedding (LLE) for MRI based Alzheimer\u2019s disease classification","volume":"83C","author":"X Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhg087","article-title":"Automatically parcellating the human cerebral cortex","volume":"14","author":"B Fischl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-012-0246-x","article-title":"Regional magnetic resonance imaging measures for multivariate analysis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"26","author":"E Westman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.013","article-title":"Consistent neuroanatomical age-related volume differences across multiple samples","volume":"32","author":"KB Walhovd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.036","article-title":"Multivariate decoding of brain images using ordinal regression","volume":"81C","author":"OM Doyle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"3011","article-title":"Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning (GPML) Toolbox","volume":"11","author":"CE Rasmussen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powell MJD (1964) Efficient Method for Finding Minimum of Function of Several-Variables without Calculating Derivatives. Computer Journal 7: 155-&.","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/7.2.155"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Bishop CM (2006) Pattern recognition and machine learning. New York: Springer. xx, 738 p."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.06.065","article-title":"AddNeuroMed and ADNI: similar patterns of Alzheimer\u2019s atrophy and automated MRI classification accuracy in Europe and North America","volume":"58","author":"E Westman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12028","article-title":"An MRI-based index to measure the severity of Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like structural pattern in subjects with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"273","author":"G Spulber","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201665","article-title":"Quantifying the attenuation of the ketamine pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging response in humans: a validation using antipsychotic and glutamatergic agents","volume":"345","author":"OM Doyle","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.051","article-title":"Predicting clinical scores from magnetic resonance scans in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"51","author":"CM Stonnington","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.06.015","article-title":"How early can we predict Alzheimer\u2019s disease using computational anatomy","volume":"34","author":"S Adaszewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0105542","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T19:02:00Z","timestamp":1540234920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0105542"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Karl","family":"Herholz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0105542","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]}}}