{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T06:06:09Z","timestamp":1781676369735,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]],"date-time":"2014-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418601600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]],"date-time":"2014-12-15T18:54:01Z","timestamp":1418669641000},"page":"e115211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Factors Associated with Death during Tuberculosis Treatment of Patients Co-Infected with HIV at the Yaound\u00e9 Central Hospital, Cameroon: An 8-Year Hospital-Based Retrospective Cohort Study (2006\u20132013)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ako A.","family":"Agbor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Joel R.","family":"Bigna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serges Clotaire","family":"Billong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathurin Cyrille","family":"Tejiokem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel L.","family":"Ekali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia S.","family":"Plottel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Jacques N.","family":"Noubiap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hortence","family":"Abessolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roselyne","family":"Toby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinata","family":"Koulla-Shiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380030064029","article-title":"Tuberculosis as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)","volume":"256","author":"G Sunderam","year":"1986","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1159","article-title":"AIDS in Africa: an epidemiologic paradigm. 1986","volume":"79","author":"TC Quinn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1086\/518667","article-title":"Tuberculosis and HIV coinfection: current state of knowledge and research priorities","volume":"196","author":"G Friedland","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"UNAIDS (2013) Global Report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2013. UNAIDS. Available: http:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/media\/unaids\/contentassets\/documents\/epidemiology\/2013\/gr2013\/UNAIDS_Global_Report_2013_en.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2014 Nov 24."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2011) Global tuberculosis control: WHO report 2011. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/44728\/1\/9789241564380_eng.pdf?ua=1<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2014 Nov 24."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/00369330000450S122","article-title":"Issues facing TB control (6). Tuberculosis control in sub-Saharan Africa in the face of HIV and AIDS","volume":"45","author":"AD Harries","year":"2000","journal-title":"Scott Med J"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Early mortality in new patients on treatment for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Yaounde-Cameroon","volume":"12","author":"C Kuaban","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Sciences and Diseases"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"55","article-title":"Pathology and causes of death in a group of 128 predominantly HIV-positive patients in Botswana, 1997\u20131998","volume":"6","author":"NA Ansari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Programme National de lutte contre la Tuberculose (2014) Plan strat\u00e9gique de lutte contre la tuberculose au Cameroun 2015\u20132019. Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon: Programme National de lutte contre la Tuberculose. Available: http:\/\/www.pnlt.cm\/index.php\/documentation\/plan-strategique-national\/doc_download\/18-plan-strategique-natinal-tuberculose-cameroun<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2014 Nov 24."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2013) Global tuberculosis report 2013. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/91355\/1\/9789241564656_eng.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2014 Nov 24."},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"469","article-title":"Treatment outcome of TB\/HIV positive and negative smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated using daily self-administered therapy in a Cameroonian district hospital","volume":"86","author":"GE Sume","year":"2009","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(97)90533-2","article-title":"HIV testing and tuberculosis treatment outcome in a rural district in Malawi","volume":"91","author":"A Banerjee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"547","article-title":"Impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the outcome of treatment and survival of tuberculosis patients in Mwanza, Tanzania","volume":"2","author":"J van den Broek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1058","article-title":"Treatment results of DOTS in 1797 Sudanese tuberculosis patients with or without HIV co-infection","volume":"6","author":"AI El-Sony","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90103-3","article-title":"Moderate to severe malnutrition in patients with tuberculosis is a risk factor associated with early death","volume":"96","author":"R Zachariah","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-297","article-title":"Predictors of mortality among TB-HIV Co-infected patients being treated for tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"B Sileshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199908200-00015","article-title":"Relapse and mortality among HIV-infected and uninfected patients with tuberculosis successfully treated with twice weekly directly observed therapy in rural South Africa","volume":"13","author":"C Connolly","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-682","article-title":"Tuberculosis treatment survival of HIV positive TB patients on directly observed treatment short-course in Southern Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"D Shaweno","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Programme National de lutte contre la Tuberculose (2012) Guide pour les personnels de sant\u00e9. Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon: Ministry of Public Health of Cameroon. Available: http:\/\/www.pnlt.cm\/index.php\/documentation\/rapports-d-activites\/cat_view\/4-guidetechnique?orderby=dmdatecounter&ascdesc=DESC<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2014 Nov 24."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780100410","article-title":"Multiple imputation in health-care databases: an overview and some applications","volume":"10","author":"D Rubin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Statistics in medicine"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Little RJ, Rubin DB (1987) Statistical Analysis With Missing Data: Wiley."},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"474","article-title":"HIV seroprevalence rate and incidence of adverse skin reactions in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis receiving thiacetazone free anti-tuberculosis treatment in Yaounde, Cameroon","volume":"74","author":"C Kuaban","year":"1997","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-190","article-title":"HIV testing, HIV status and outcomes of treatment for tuberculosis in a major diagnosis and treatment centre in Yaounde, Cameroon: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"EW Pefura Yone","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"338","article-title":"[Impact of HIV infection on the evolution of tuberculosis among adult patients in Yaounde, Cameroon]","volume":"68","author":"EW Yone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Pneumol Clin"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1258\/td.2011.110421","article-title":"Treatment outcome of HIV-associatedtuberculosis in a resource-poor setting","volume":"42","author":"NA Ifebunandu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-838","article-title":"TB treatment outcomes among TB-HIV co-infections in Karnataka, India: how do these compare with non-HIV tuberculosis outcomes in the province?","volume":"13","author":"S Shastri","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73250","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073250","article-title":"Predictors of death during tuberculosis treatment in TB\/HIV co-infected patients in Malaysia","volume":"8","author":"I Ismail","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Rizzardi GP, Pantaleo G (1999) The immunopathogenesis of HIV-sa1 infection. In: Armstrong D, Cohen J, editors. Infectious diseases. London: Harcourt. pp.1\u201312."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.3.9117038","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication in the lung","volume":"155","author":"K Nakata","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117924","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication by transcriptionalactivation at the long terminal repeat","volume":"95","author":"Y Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"919","article-title":"Impact of human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality among adults with tuberculosis in rural South Africa","volume":"2","author":"C Connolly","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(98)91036-7","article-title":"Treatment outcome of an unselected cohort of tuberculosis patients in relation to human immunodeficiency virus serostatus in Zomba hospital, Malawi","volume":"92","author":"AD Harries","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"159","article-title":"Causes of mortality among tuberculosis and HIV co-infected patients in Chiang Rai, Northern Thailand","volume":"4","author":"P Kantipong","year":"2012","journal-title":"HIV\/AIDS \u2013 Research and Palliative Care"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Harries AD, Zachariah R, Lawn SD (2009) Providing HIV care for coinfected tuberculosis patients: a perspective from sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 13."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03465-0","article-title":"Efficacy of trimethroprim-sulphamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) prophylaxis to decrease morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"353","author":"SZ Witor","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"354","article-title":"Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-positive tuberculosis patients in Kagora District, Malawi Bull WorldHealth Organ","volume":"82","author":"FB Mwaungulu","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90614","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090614","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of new tuberculosis patients hospitalized in Kampala, Uganda: a prospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"BJ Kirenga","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1013911","article-title":"Earlier versus later start of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults with tuberculosis","volume":"365","author":"FX Blanc","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"National AIDS Control Committtee (2010) National Guidelines for the Management of HIV Infection in Adults and Adolescents. Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon: Ministry of Public of Health."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109709331471","article-title":"Trends in HIV\/TB coinfection in Trinidad and Tobago for the period 1998\u20132007","volume":"8","author":"K Mungrue","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic)"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Hoffmann C (2007) Opportunistic Infections: In Bernd Sebastian Kamps, ed. HIV Medicine. Paris: Flying Publisher. pp.389\u2013477."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1086\/432883","article-title":"Mortality in an urban cohort of HIV-infected and at-risk drug users in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"41","author":"R Kohli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1091","article-title":"[A retrospective cohort study on reduction of AIDS mortality among patients enrolled in national-free antiretroviral treatment programme in two cities in China]","volume":"43","author":"ZH Dou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"181","article-title":"[Survival analysis on AIDS antiretroviral therapy in Henan province during 2003\u20132009]","volume":"33","author":"DY Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu283","article-title":"Causes and determinants of mortality in HIV-infected adults with tuberculosis: an analysis from the CAMELIA ANRS 1295-CIPRA KH001 randomized trial","volume":"59","author":"O Marcy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0742","article-title":"Community-based treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha, South Africa","volume":"18","author":"H Cox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"123","article-title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Albumin for Tuberculosis in HIV Infected Patients Eligible for Antiretroviral Therapy: Datafrom an HIV Cohort Study in India","volume":"3","author":"G Alvarez-Uria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioimpacts"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T08:33:02Z","timestamp":1589013182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115211"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Antonio Guilherme","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115211","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]]}}}