{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T02:34:23Z","timestamp":1790044463441,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]],"date-time":"2014-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419552000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]],"date-time":"2014-12-26T19:04:28Z","timestamp":1419620668000},"page":"e115642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Increasing Fatty Acid Oxidation Remodels the Hypothalamic Neurometabolome to Mitigate Stress and Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"McFadden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Aja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veera V. R.","family":"Bandaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norman J.","family":"Haughey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis P.","family":"Kuhajda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele V.","family":"Ronnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200306000-00008","article-title":"Lipotoxicity: when tissues overeat","volume":"14","author":"JE Schaffer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.11.057","article-title":"Inflammation and insulin resistance","volume":"582","author":"C de Luca","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.059","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance","volume":"132","author":"SE Shoelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1456","article-title":"Hypothalamic sensing of fatty acids","volume":"8","author":"TKT Lam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20539","article-title":"Hypothalamic fatty acid metabolism: a housekeeping pathway that regulates food intake","volume":"29","author":"M Lopez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.07.043","article-title":"Hypothalamic IKK beta\/NF-kappa B and ER stress link overnutrition to energy imbalance and obesity","volume":"135","author":"X Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2760-08.2009","article-title":"Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of TLR4 signaling in hypothalamus: implications for the pathogenesis of obesity","volume":"29","author":"M Milanski","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1003","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90377.2008","article-title":"Hypothalamic proinflammatory lipid accumulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet","volume":"296","author":"KA Posey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.04.014","article-title":"Fatty acid metabolism as a target for obesity treatment","volume":"85","author":"GV Ronnett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4523","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00437a001","article-title":"Fatty acid synthase, a proficient multifunctional enzyme","volume":"28","author":"SJ Wakil","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.00001.x","article-title":"The mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase system. From concept to molecular analysis","volume":"244","author":"JD McGarry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3817","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310991200","article-title":"C75, a fatty acid synthase inhibitor, modulates AMP-activated protein kinase to alter neuronal energy metabolism","volume":"279","author":"LE Landree","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R148","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00041.2006","article-title":"Intracerebroventricular C75 decreases meal frequency and reduces AgRP gene expression in rats","volume":"291","author":"S Aja","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19970","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M402165200","article-title":"C75, a fatty acid synthase inhibitor, reduces food intake via hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase","volume":"279","author":"EK Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E97","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00261.2003","article-title":"Chronic C75 treatment of diet-induced obese mice increases fat oxidation and reduces food intake to reduce adipose mass","volume":"287","author":"JN Thupari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132128899","article-title":"C75 increases peripheral energy utilization and fatty acid oxidation in diet-induced obesity","volume":"99","author":"JN Thupari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R352","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00862.2006","article-title":"Pharmacological stimulation of brain carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 decreases food intake and body weight","volume":"294","author":"S Aja","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.49.070180.002331","article-title":"Enzymes of glycerolipid synthesis in eukaryotes","volume":"49","author":"RM Bell","year":"1980","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1021\/jm900251a","article-title":"Design and synthesis of small molecule glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase inhibitors","volume":"52","author":"EA Wydysh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R116","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00147.2011","article-title":"Pharmacological glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase inhibition decreases food intake and adiposity and increases insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity","volume":"301","author":"FP Kuhajda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.04.041","article-title":"Increased ATP content\/production in the hypothalamus may be a signal for energy-sensing of satiety: studies of the anorectic mechanism of a plant steroidal glycoside","volume":"1020","author":"DB MacLean","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.116","article-title":"AMPK: a key regulator of energy balance in the single cell and the whole organism","volume":"32","author":"DG Hardie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02440","article-title":"AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus","volume":"428","author":"Y Minokoshi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05292","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"443","author":"MT Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2007.09.003","article-title":"That which does not kill me makes me stronger: adapting to chronic ER stress","volume":"32","author":"DT Rutkowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1122","article-title":"Palmitate attenuates insulin signaling and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in hypothalamic neurons: rescue of resistance and apoptosis through adenosine 5 &apos; monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation","volume":"151","author":"CM Mayer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.194","article-title":"Central administration of an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer inhibits the anorexigenic effects of leptin and insulin","volume":"17","author":"JC Won","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M800379-JLR200","article-title":"Inactivation of hypothalamic FAS protects mice from diet-induced obesity and inflammation","volume":"50","author":"MV Chakravarthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E867","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00178.2002","article-title":"Expression of FAS within hypothalamic neurons: a model for decreased food intake after C75 treatment","volume":"283","author":"EK Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200404090-00038","article-title":"Anorexigenic C75 alters c-Fos in mouse hypothalamic and hindbrain subnuclei","volume":"15","author":"I Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22765","article-title":"Physiological oxygen level Is critical for modeling neuronal metabolism in vitro","volume":"90","author":"J Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.08.028","article-title":"Physiological glucose is critical for optimized neuronal viability and AMPK responsiveness in vitro","volume":"167","author":"AM Kleman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci Meth"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6878","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M707965200","article-title":"CPT1c is localized in endoplasmic reticulum of neurons and has carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity","volume":"283","author":"AY Sierra","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602205103","article-title":"The brain-specific carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1c regulates energy homeostasis","volume":"103","author":"MJ Wolfgang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.71041597.x","article-title":"Role of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the control of ketogenesis in primary cultures of rat astrocytes","volume":"71","author":"C Bl\u00e1zquez","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2008.10.010","article-title":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases: rate limiting enzymes of triacylglycerol biosynthesis","volume":"1791","author":"AA Wendel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.03.063","article-title":"Stress to endoplasmic reticulum of mouse osteoblasts induces apoptosis and transcriptional activation for bone remodeling","volume":"581","author":"K Hamamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02346","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress preconditioning attenuates methylmercury-induced cellular damage by inducing favorable stress responses","volume":"3","author":"F Usuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1247\/csf.07044","article-title":"ATF6 is a transcription factor specializing in the regulation of quality control proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"33","author":"Y Adachi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Struct Funct"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.3.1365-1377.2004","article-title":"Activating transcription factor 3 is integral to the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase stress response","volume":"24","author":"HY Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103160","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes","volume":"306","author":"U Ozcan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WCB.0000089600.87125.AD","article-title":"Oxidative damage to the endoplasmic reticulum is implicated in ischemic neuronal cell death","volume":"23","author":"T Hayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000465","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000465","article-title":"IL-6 and IL-10 anti-inflammatory activity links exercise to hypothalamic insulin and leptin sensitivity through IKKbeta and ER stress inhibition","volume":"8","author":"ER Ropelle","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.10.085","article-title":"C75 activates malonyl-CoA sensitive and insensitive components of the CPT system","volume":"325","author":"C Nicot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.074104","article-title":"C75 [4-methylene-2-octyl-5-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-carboxylic acid] activates carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 in isolated mitochondria and intact cells without displacement of bound malonyl CoA","volume":"312","author":"N Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-007-9678-5","article-title":"Fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer cells: differential inhibitory effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and C75","volume":"109","author":"T Puig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.05.053","article-title":"Stimulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 improves renal function and attenuates tissue damage after ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"177","author":"JP Idrovo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12024","article-title":"Combined paediatric NAFLD fibrosis index and transient elastography to predict clinically significant fibrosis in children with fatty liver disease","volume":"33","author":"N Alkhouri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4339","DOI":"10.1021\/bi052186q","article-title":"Novel effect of C75 on carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity and palmitate oxidation","volume":"45","author":"A Bentebibel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/chir.22139","article-title":"Differential pharmacologic properties of the two C75 enantiomers: (+)-C75 is a strong anorectic drug; (-)-C75 has antitumor activity","volume":"25","author":"K Makowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chirality"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2008.11.020","article-title":"C75 is converted to C75-CoA in the hypothalamus, where it inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 and decreases food intake and body weight","volume":"77","author":"P Mera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.21047","article-title":"Fatty acid oxidation and meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes","volume":"76","author":"SM Downs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25629","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M503181200","article-title":"Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 is essential in liver for the metabolism of excess acyl-CoAs","volume":"280","author":"LE Hammond","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-4568com","article-title":"Liver-directed overexpression of mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase results in hepatic steatosis, increased triacylglycerol secretion and reduced fatty acid oxidation","volume":"20","author":"D Linden","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5928","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-13-05928.2003","article-title":"Energy contribution of octanoate to intact rat brain metabolism measured by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"23","author":"D Ebert","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R655","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00223.2009","article-title":"Characteristics and mechanisms of hypothalamic neuronal fatty acid sensing","volume":"297","author":"C Le Foll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30571","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030571","article-title":"Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity","volume":"7","author":"DE Cintra","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.165472","article-title":"Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in insulin resistance","volume":"102","author":"JA Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2005.11.002","article-title":"Ceramides in insulin resistance and lipotoxicity","volume":"45","author":"SA Summers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2007.11.049","article-title":"Lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissue and lipotoxicity","volume":"94","author":"NA van Herpen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-1451","article-title":"Hypothalamic ceramide levels regulated by CPT1C mediate the orexigenic effect of ghrelin","volume":"62","author":"S Ramirez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9691","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1103267108","article-title":"Important roles of brain-specific carnitine palmitoyltransferase and ceramide metabolism in leptin hypothalamic control of feeding","volume":"108","author":"S Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e3282ff5e55","article-title":"Hepatic triglyceride synthesis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"19","author":"SS Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60408-4","article-title":"Lipid-induced insulin resistance: unravelling the mechanism","volume":"375","author":"VT Samuel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16381","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113359108","article-title":"Cellular mechanism of insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"108","author":"N Kumashiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.5.969","article-title":"Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress","volume":"135","author":"H Sies","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2421","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferation-associated control of reactive oxygen species sets melanocortin tone and feeding in diet-induced obesity","volume":"17","author":"S Diano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1122","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00006.2010","article-title":"Cultured hypothalamic neurons are resistant to inflammation and insulin resistance induced by saturated fatty acids","volume":"298","author":"SJ Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59660","article-title":"Obesity is associated with hypothalamic injury in rodents and humans","volume":"122","author":"JP Thaler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0976","article-title":"C75 alters central and peripheral gene expression to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure","volume":"146","author":"YJ Tu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10828","article-title":"Perturbation of sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide production in HIV-dementia","volume":"55","author":"NJ Haughey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-011-9289-0","article-title":"A Failure to Normalize Biochemical and Metabolic Insults During Morphine Withdrawal Disrupts Synaptic Repair in Mice Transgenic for HIV-gp120","volume":"6","author":"VVR Bandaru","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115642","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T01:10:12Z","timestamp":1566177012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115642"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Makoto","family":"Makishima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0115642","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]]}}}