{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:19:04Z","timestamp":1791159544082,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T19:11:16Z","timestamp":1426878676000},"page":"e0120220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Baseline Omega-3 Index Correlates with Aggressive and Attention Deficit Disorder Behaviours in Adult Prisoners"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell K.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Parletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia C.","family":"Winberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayle","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Dally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijka","family":"Batterham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Farquhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X12470525","article-title":"Experience and expression of anger among Australian prisoners and the relationship between anger and reintegration variables","volume":"58","author":"AJ Shinkfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/15228932.2013.847350","article-title":"Predictors of reactive and instrumental aggression in jail detainees: An initial examination","volume":"13","author":"JA Steadham","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2013.27.1.53","article-title":"The relationship between adult reactive and proactive aggression, hostile interpretation bias, and antisocial personality disorder","volume":"27","author":"LJ Cima","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pers Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-012-9310-9","article-title":"Self-regulation deficits explain the link between reactive aggression and internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems in children","volume":"35","author":"BA White","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.18778\/1733-8077.9.3.06","article-title":"Investigating threat perception among correctional officers in the Canadian Provincial Correctional System","volume":"9","author":"R Ricciardelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Qual Sociol Rev"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Butler T, Allnut S. Mental Illness Among New South Wales&apos; Prisoners N. C. H. Service. Sydney 2003. ISBN 0 7347 3559 6."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2009.10.004","article-title":"Neurocognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders in a NSW prison population","volume":"33","author":"L Kavanagh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Law Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2013.01.002","article-title":"Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health","volume":"24","author":"N Parletta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.01.004","article-title":"Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease feelings of anger in substance abusers","volume":"157","author":"L Buydens-Branchey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2006.07.010","article-title":"Role of omega-3 fatty acids in brain development and function: Potential implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of psychopathology","volume":"75","author":"RK McNamara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/nu2020128","article-title":"Oiling the brain: A review of randomised controlled trials of omega-3 fatty acids in psychopathology across the lifespan","volume":"2","author":"N Sinn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.7.940","article-title":"Consumption of Fish and n-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease","volume":"60","author":"MC Morris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-011-0010-z","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements and cognitive decline: Singapore longitudinal aging studies","volume":"15","author":"Q Gao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-011-0009-5","article-title":"High dietary and plasma levels of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexanoic acid are associated with decreased dementia risk: the Rancho Bernado study","volume":"15","author":"LB Lopez","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02536067","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids in aging and in Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"26","author":"M Soderberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-003-1074-0","article-title":"Dietary intakes and food sources of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"38","author":"BJ Meyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.01.004","article-title":"Australian children are not consuming enough long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for optimal health","volume":"27","author":"BJ Meyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1159\/000012803","article-title":"Australian food sources and intakes of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"43","author":"TE Ollis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601739","article-title":"Dietary intake of n-3, n-6 fatty acids and fish: Relationship with hostility in young adults \u2013 the CARDIA study","volume":"58","author":"C Iribarren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000059747","article-title":"Seafood consumption and homicide mortality. A cross-national ecological analysis","volume":"88","author":"JR Hibbeln","year":"2001","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260600582967","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acid deficiencies in neurodevelopment, aggression and autonomic dysregulation: opportunities for intervention","volume":"18","author":"JR Hibbeln","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.1.22","article-title":"Influence of supplementary vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids on the antisocial behaviour of young adult prisoners. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"181","author":"CB Gesch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20335","article-title":"Effects of nutritional supplements on aggression, rule-breaking, and psychopathology among young adult prisoners","volume":"36","author":"A Zaalberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aggress Behav"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2010.06.011","article-title":"Validation of an Australian Electronic Food Frequency Questionnaire to Measure Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake","volume":"27","author":"M Swierk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutr"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38861-1","article-title":"Direct transesterification of all classes of lipids in a one-step reaction","volume":"27","author":"G Lepage","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.02.030","article-title":"The Omega-3 Index: a new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease?","volume":"39","author":"WS Harris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Preventive Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.3.452","article-title":"The Aggression Questionnaire","volume":"63","author":"AH Buss","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.015","article-title":"Aggression, and some related psychological constructs (anger, hostility, and impulsivity). Some comments from a research project","volume":"30","author":"JM Ramirez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00064-8","article-title":"A further evaluation of the Aggression Questionnaire: Issues of validity and reliability","volume":"35","author":"JA Harris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(95)00038-Y","article-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis of the Aggression Questionnaire","volume":"33","author":"JA Harris","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2006.05.004","article-title":"The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire: Some unfinished business","volume":"41","author":"G. Becker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Res Personality"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-1789(03)00012-0","article-title":"Measures of aggressive behaviour: Overview of clinical and research instruments","volume":"9","author":"A Suris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrne MK, Parletta N, Webster DG, Batterham M, Meyer BJ. Adult attention deficit disorder and aggressive behaviour: An exploration of relationships between Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales and the Aggression Questionnaire. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 2014; <comment>doi: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1080\/13218719.2014.960027\" xlink:type=\"simple\">10.1080\/13218719.2014.960027<\/ext-link><\/comment>","DOI":"10.1080\/13218719.2014.960027"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.10.036","article-title":"Attentional control activation relates to working memory in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"67","author":"GC Burgess","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-011-0069-8","article-title":"Neurocognitive training for children with and without AD\/HD","volume":"4","author":"SJ Johnstone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atten Defic Hyperact Disord"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales for Adolescents and Adults: Manual","author":"TE Brown","year":"1996"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054707299367","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and utility of instruments for self-report and informant report concerning symptoms of ADHD in adult patients","volume":"11","author":"JJS Kooij","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"},{"issue":"S2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.605441","article-title":"Clinical utility of ADHD symptom thresholds to assess normalization of executive function with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate treatment in adults","volume":"27","author":"TE Brown","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Royal Statist Soc Series B"},{"key":"ref40"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-006-5039-0","article-title":"Biomarker validation of a new food frequency questionnaire that estimates long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"41","author":"BL Sullivan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(87)90051-5","article-title":"Plasma phospholipid essential fatty acids and prostaglandins in alcoholic, habitually violent, and impulsive offenders","volume":"22","author":"M E Virkkunen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4\/5","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(95)02207-4","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids in boys with behavior, learning, and health problems","volume":"59","author":"L J Stevens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","first-page":"207","article-title":"Omega-3 DHA and EPA for cognition, behaviour, and mood: Clinical findings and structural-functional synergies with cell membrane phospholipids","volume":"12","author":"PM Kidd","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alt Med Review"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2005.11.005","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression: A review of the evidence and methodological critique","volume":"42","author":"J Sontrop","year":"2006","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21498","article-title":"Reactive\/proactive aggression and the development of internalising problems in males: The moderating effect of parent and peer relationships","volume":"40","author":"PJ Fite","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/1367493511403953","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids, behaviour and literacy in children with ADHD and learning difficulties","volume":"15","author":"CM Milte","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Child Health Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2009.00229.x","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acid status in ADHD, depression and dementia: towards an omega-3 index for mental health?","volume":"67","author":"C Milte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr Reviews"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2008.04.004","article-title":"Cognitive effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"78","author":"N Sinn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28549","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation increases prefrontal cortex activation during sustained attention in healthy boys: a placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"91","author":"RK McNamara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197231","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525651200000}},{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129984","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,3]],"date-time":"2015-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433289600000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0120220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T23:22:52Z","timestamp":1717802572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0120220"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Allan","family":"Siegel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0120220","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197231","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129984","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]]}}}