{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:26:00Z","timestamp":1791296760709,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T18:16:48Z","timestamp":1432664208000},"page":"e0122569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Efficacy of Thermotherapy to Treat Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jaiberth Antonio","family":"Cardona-Arias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n Dar\u00edo","family":"V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"National Institute of Health of Colombia, Ministry of Social Protection of the Republic of Colombia, Pan American Health Organization. Protocol for public health surveillance of Leishmaniasis. [Website]. Available at: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.ins.gov.co\/temas-de-interes\/Leishmaniasis%20viceral\/01%20protocolo%20Leishmaniasis.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.ins.gov.co\/temas-de-interes\/Leishmaniasis%20viceral\/01%20protocolo%20Leishmaniasis.pdf<\/ext-link>. Retrieved October 10, 2013.]"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Uribarren T. Leishmaniasis. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, UNAM. [Website]. Available at: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.facmed.unam.mx\/deptos\/microbiologia\/parasitologia\/leishmaniosis.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.facmed.unam.mx\/deptos\/microbiologia\/parasitologia\/leishmaniosis.html<\/ext-link>. Retrieved October 10, 2013.]"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"J Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004","article-title":"Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives","volume":"27","author":"P Desjeux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(96)00047-8","article-title":"Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (Old World)","volume":"14","author":"Y Dowlati","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2006.02182.x","article-title":"Comparison between the efficacy of photodynamic therapy and topical paromomycin in the treatment of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial","volume":"31","author":"A Asilian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.166","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial of topical clotrimazole versus miconazole for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"52","author":"EB Larbi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"73","article-title":"Intralesional injection of 2% zinc sulfate solution in the treatment of acute Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"A Firooz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Drug Dermatol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00727.x","article-title":"A double-blind randomized clinical trial of a topical herbal extract (Z-HE) vs. systemic meglumine antimoniate for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran","volume":"38","author":"F Zerehsaz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67629-5","article-title":"Advances in leishmaniasis","volume":"366","author":"HW Murray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"383","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in France: towards the end of injectable therapy?","volume":"96","author":"PA Buffet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.03.009","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of two topical paromomycin treatments versus meglumine antimoniate for New World cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"91","author":"RX Armijos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821996000500007","article-title":"Comparative study between meglumine antimoniate, pentamidine isothianate and aminosidine sulphate, in the treatment cutaneous primary lesions, caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (L(V)b)","volume":"29","author":"D Correia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90237-2","article-title":"Aminosidine (paromomycin) versus sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"88","author":"NC Hepburn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1086\/516267","article-title":"Topical paromomycin\/methylbenzethonium chloride plus parenteral meglumine antimoniate as treatment for American cutaneous leishmaniasis: controlled study","volume":"26","author":"J Soto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.47.117","article-title":"Drug resistance in leishmaniasis: its implication in systemic chemotherapy of cutaneous and mucocutaneous disease","volume":"47","author":"M Grogl","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e162","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030162","article-title":"Ouellette M: Unresponsiveness to Glucantime treatment in Iranian cutaneous leishmaniasis due to drug-resistant Leishmania tropica parasites","volume":"3","author":"R Hadighi","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-007-0638-0","article-title":"Glucantime-resistant Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis are sensitive to alternative antileishmanial drugs","volume":"101","author":"R Hadighi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-13-58","article-title":"Thermotherapy. An alternative for the treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"13","author":"L L\u00f3pez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2011.02.007","article-title":"Systematic review of the adverse effects of cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment in the New World","volume":"118","author":"LF Oliveira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0060","article-title":"Efficacy of Miltefosine for the Treatment of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis","volume":"83","author":"I V\u00e9lez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"CD004834","article-title":"Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"2","author":"U Gonzalez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1086\/518172","article-title":"Role of imiquimod and parenteral meglumine antimoniate in the initial treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"44","author":"I Arevalo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(96)00048-X","article-title":"Treatment of New World cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniases","volume":"14","author":"JD Berman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709787458489","article-title":"Kedzierska K: Leishmaniasis: current treatment and prospects for new drugs and vaccines","volume":"16","author":"L Kedzierski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2004.07.002","article-title":"Papadopoulou B: Leishmaniasis: drugs in the clinic, resistance and new developments","volume":"7","author":"M Ouellette","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181822e90","article-title":"Current treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis: a review","volume":"16","author":"E Palumbo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821997000600003","article-title":"The evaluation of the tolerance and nephrotoxicity of pentavalent antimony administered in a dose of 40 mg Sb V\/kg\/day, 12\/12 hr, for 30 days in the mucocutaneous form of leishmaniasis","volume":"30","author":"RN Sampaio","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/92.11.659","article-title":"Out-patient parenteral antimicrobial therapy\u2013a viable option for the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"92","author":"RA Seaton","year":"1999","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref31","first-page":"194","article-title":"Current situation and future of antileishmanial therapy in Colombia","volume":"26","author":"J Soto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1992.01680160041003","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with controlled localized heating","volume":"128","author":"N Levine","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1990.42.43","article-title":"Placebo-controlled clinical trial of meglumine antimonate (glucantime) vs. localized controlled heat in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala","volume":"42","author":"TR Navin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.57.309","article-title":"Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with localized current field (radio frequency) in Tabasco, Mexico","volume":"57","author":"O Velasco-Castrejon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","first-page":"187","article-title":"Knowledge level about of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and use of alternative therapies in an endemic area in the Amazon Region in the State of Maranhao, Brazil","volume":"18","author":"C Moreira Rda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref36","first-page":"171","article-title":"Gender and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia","volume":"17","author":"ID Velez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892001001200005","article-title":"The traditional and conventional medical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural Ecuador","volume":"10","author":"MM Weigel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e628","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000628","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of local heat therapy versus intravenous sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of cutaneous Leishmania major infection","volume":"4","author":"N Aronson","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12205","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of single-dose radiofrequency-induced heat therapy vs. intralesional antimonials for cutaneous leishmaniasis in India","volume":"168","author":"RA Bumb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.08.011","article-title":"Heat therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis elicits a systemic cytokine response similar to that of antimonial (Glucantime) therapy","volume":"100","author":"I Lobo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"The PRISMA Group. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652013000300011","article-title":"Thermotherapy effective and safer than miltefosine in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia","volume":"55","author":"L L\u00f3pez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1086\/428736","article-title":"Efficacy of thermotherapy to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica in Kabul, Afghanistan: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"R Reithinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2007.02405.x","article-title":"Efficacy of local heat therapy by radiofrequency in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, compared with intralesional injection of meglumine antimoniate","volume":"32","author":"G Sadeghian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-11-00161","article-title":"Evaluation of thermotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kabul, Afghanistan: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"177","author":"N Safi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"9765","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61495-X","article-title":"Heat, Oriental sore, and HIV","volume":"377","author":"N Prasad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03417.x","article-title":"Treatment of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis\u2013a systematic review with a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"FF Tuon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.05.008","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"25","author":"MS Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90517-7","article-title":"Topical treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis with paramomycin and methylbenzethonium chloride: a clinical study under field conditions in Ecuador","volume":"88","author":"G Krause","year":"1994","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7304.101","article-title":"Systematic reviews in health care: Investigating and dealing with publication and other biases in meta-analysis","volume":"323","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7249.1574","article-title":"Empirical assessment of effect of publication bias on meta-analyses","volume":"320","author":"AJ Sutton","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Recomendaciones para el tratamiento","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0122569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T05:35:40Z","timestamp":1540272940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0122569"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Abhay R","family":"Satoskar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0122569","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]}}}