{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:30:11Z","timestamp":1791952211185,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T17:51:01Z","timestamp":1430243461000},"page":"e0124167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Intravaginal Lactic Acid Bacteria Modulated Local and Systemic Immune Responses and Lowered the Incidence of Uterine Infections in Periparturient Dairy Cows"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Qilan","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Odhiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanna M.","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burim N.","family":"Ametaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"407","article-title":"An immunogenomics approach to understanding periparturient immunosuppression and mastitis susceptibility in dairy cows","volume":"42","author":"JL Burton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.09.009","article-title":"IgG and IgM levels in dairy cows during the periparturient period","volume":"75","author":"M Herr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.03.022","article-title":"Neutrophil function and energy status in Holstein cows with uterine health disorders","volume":"113","author":"DS Hammon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0531.2002.00317.x","article-title":"Influence of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cows","volume":"37","author":"L Mateus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(96)00314-7","article-title":"A new model system for endometritis: Basic concepts and characterization of phenotypic and functional properties of bovine uterine neutrophils","volume":"46","author":"H Zerbe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"641","article-title":"Bovine uterine defense mechanisms: a review","volume":"36","author":"AM Hussain","year":"1989","journal-title":"Zentralbl Veterinarmed B"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.077370","article-title":"Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle","volume":"81","author":"IM Sheldon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Government of Canada. Culling and replacement rates of dairy herds in Canada. 2013. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.dairyinfo.gc.ca\/pdf\/genetics-cull_e.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.dairyinfo.gc.ca\/pdf\/genetics-cull_e.pdf<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2009.00182.x","article-title":"Association of increased serum acute-phase protein concentrations with reproductive performance in dairy cows with postpartum metritis","volume":"39","author":"JP Chan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.17036","article-title":"Immune responses during the peripartum period in dairy cows with postpartum endometritis","volume":"51","author":"IH Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Reprod Dev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008-1636","article-title":"Determination of milk and blood concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in cows with naturally acquired subclinical and clinical mastitis","volume":"92","author":"R Zeng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.01.010","article-title":"Postpartum uterine infection in cattle","volume":"105","author":"OI Azawi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.136.4.90","article-title":"Investigation by meta-analysis of the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha administered post partum on the reproductive performance of dairy cattle","volume":"136","author":"NR Burton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76024-7","article-title":"Uterine health and disorders","volume":"80","author":"GS Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2002.tb00632.x","article-title":"Microbes versus microbes: immune signals generated by probiotic lactobacilli and their role in protection against microbial pathogens","volume":"34","author":"ML Cross","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.13.2.219-226.2006","article-title":"The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei induces activation of the gut mucosal immune system through innate immunity","volume":"13","author":"CM Galdeano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200603000-00014","article-title":"Probiotics and the immune response","volume":"40","author":"K Madsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200666090-00007","article-title":"Probiotics for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: a review of the evidence from microbiological and clinical studies","volume":"66","author":"ME Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.934.428","article-title":"Urogenital infections in women: can probiotics help?","volume":"79","author":"G Reid","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.02.007","article-title":"Intravaginal administration of lactic acid bacteria modulated the incidence of purulent vaginal discharges, plasma haptoglobin concentrations, and milk production in dairy cows","volume":"96","author":"BN Ametaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.08.021","article-title":"Defining postpartum uterine disease in cattle","volume":"65","author":"IM Sheldon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2003028","article-title":"Monitoring udder health and milk quality using somatic cell counts","volume":"34","author":"YH Schukken","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2011.10233","article-title":"Relationship of Somatic Cell Count and Mastitis: An Overview","volume":"24","author":"N Sharma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian-Aust J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"92","article-title":"Persistence of <italic>Lactobacillus fermentum<\/italic> RC-14 and <italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/italic> GR-1 but not <italic>L-rhamnosus<\/italic> GG in the human vagina as demonstrated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA","volume":"9","author":"GE Gardiner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2001.tb00531.x","article-title":"Probiotic <italic>Lactobacillus<\/italic> dose required to restore and maintain a normal vaginal flora","volume":"32","author":"G Reid","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(02)00465-0","article-title":"Oral use of <italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/italic> GR-1 and <italic>L<\/italic>. <italic>fermentum<\/italic> RC-14 significantly alters vaginal flora: randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 64 healthy women","volume":"35","author":"G Reid","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.5.1433-1433.1995","article-title":"<italic>Lactobacillus<\/italic> GG vaginal suppositories and vaginitis","volume":"33","author":"E Hilton","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90543-6","article-title":"Implantation of <italic>Lactobacillus casei<\/italic> var rhamnosus into vagina","volume":"344","author":"G Reid","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.1.3.11712","article-title":"Probiotics-host communication: Modulation of signaling pathways in the intestine","volume":"1","author":"CM Thomas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.36742.x","article-title":"Variations in immunoglobulins and IgA subclasses of human uterine cervical secretions around the time of ovulation","volume":"104","author":"WH Kutteh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-19","article-title":"Characterisation of the bacterial microbiota of the vagina of dairy cows and isolation of pediocin-producing <italic>Pediococcus acidilactici<\/italic>","volume":"13","author":"Y Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2000.917309.x","article-title":"Innate immune recognition: mechanisms and pathways","volume":"173","author":"R Medzhitov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5879","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901838","article-title":"Secretory IgA-mediated neutralization of <italic>Shigella flexneri<\/italic> prevents intestinal tissue destruction by down-regulating inflammatory circuits","volume":"183","author":"S Boullier","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"225","article-title":"Mucosal Immunology","author":"MW Russell","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199208000-00002","article-title":"Enhancement of the circulating antibody secreting cell response in human diarrhea by a human Lactobacillus strain","volume":"32","author":"M Kaila","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116801","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recognition in macrophages. Participation of LPS-binding protein and CD14 in LPS-induced adaptation in rabbit peritoneal exudate macrophages","volume":"92","author":"J Mathison","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.3.1025","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein is carried on lipoproteins and acts as a cofactor in the neutralization of LPS","volume":"180","author":"MM Wurfel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"299","article-title":"Acute phase proteins as early non-specific biomarkers of human and veterinary diseases","author":"BN Ametaj","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"9","article-title":"Absorption of proinflammatory cytokines from inflamed porcine uterus into the uterine venous blood\u2014preliminary data","volume":"11","author":"J Kucharski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pol J Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09806.x","article-title":"Irrigating fluid absorption from the intact uterus","volume":"103","author":"J Olsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"10","article-title":"Absorption of antibacterial agents by the bovine involuting uterus","volume":"16","author":"HF Righter","year":"1975","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-11-103","article-title":"Associations among serum pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, metabolic mediators, body condition, and uterine disease in postpartum dairy cows","volume":"11","author":"RK Kasimanickam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.04.056","article-title":"The relationship between uterine pathogen growth density and ovarian function in the postpartum dairy cow","volume":"68","author":"EJ Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M300228-JLR200","article-title":"Acute inflammation and infection maintain circulating phospholipid levels and enhance lipopolysaccharide binding to plasma lipoproteins","volume":"44","author":"RL Kitchens","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2010.04.016","article-title":"Complex links between dietary lipids, endogenous endotoxins and metabolic inflammation","volume":"93","author":"F Laugerette","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"69","article-title":"Detoxifying endotoxin: time, place and person","volume":"11","author":"RS Munford","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endotoxin Res"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912442431","article-title":"Hepatic uptake and deacylation of the LPS in bloodborne LPS-lipoprotein complexes","volume":"18","author":"B Shao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840010506","article-title":"The hepatocellular uptake and biliary excretion of endotoxin in the rat","volume":"1","author":"SK Maitra","year":"1981","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T12:34:28Z","timestamp":1598963668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124167"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jose Alejandro","family":"Chabalgoity","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124167","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]]}}}