{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:34:53Z","timestamp":1788226493408,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]],"date-time":"2015-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]],"date-time":"2015-05-12T17:47:16Z","timestamp":1431452836000},"page":"e0125706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Enhancement of Early Cervical Cancer Diagnosis with Epithelial Layer Analysis of Fluorescence Lifetime Images"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chit Yaw","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beng Koon","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Kim","family":"Lim-Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline Guat Lay","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1440","article-title":"Estimating the world cancer burden: Globocan 2000","volume":"94","author":"DM Parkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"International journal of cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.4.11.1803","article-title":"Vaccines against cervical cancer","volume":"4","author":"KU Jansen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert opinion on biological therapy"},{"issue":"S9","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11678","article-title":"Optical imaging of the cervix","volume":"98","author":"RA Drezek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","first-page":"229","article-title":"Common problems in Papanicolaou smear interpretation","volume":"121","author":"RM DeMay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1502675","article-title":"Reflectance spectroscopy for in vivo detection of cervical precancer","volume":"7","author":"YN Mirabal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of biomedical optics"},{"issue":"S28-29","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4644(1997)28\/29+<1::AID-JCB3>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Properties of intraepithelial neoplasia relevant to the development of cancer chemopreventive agents","volume":"67","author":"CW Boone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6835","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/35077213","article-title":"Proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in cancer","volume":"411","author":"GI Evan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref8","author":"V Kumar","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.35.1.1","article-title":"Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"35","author":"C Buckley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of clinical pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2003.12.028","article-title":"Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral mapping of the cervical transformation zone, and dysplastic squamous epithelium","volume":"93","author":"B Wood","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecologic oncology"},{"key":"ref11","author":"W Gray","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rohan TE, Shah KV. Cercival Cancer: From Etiology to Prevention. 2004.","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-2016-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1695559","article-title":"Analytical model to describe fluorescence spectra of normal and preneoplastic epithelial tissue: comparison with Monte Carlo simulations and clinical measurements","volume":"9","author":"SK Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of biomedical optics"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/82.18.1477","article-title":"Detection and typing of human papillomavirus in archival cervical cancer specimens by DNA amplification with consensus primers","volume":"82","author":"RM Resnick","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2462","article-title":"Optical imaging for cervical cancer detection: solutions for a continuing global problem","volume":"8","author":"N Thekkek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Cancer"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pretty Mary D, Anandan V, Srinivasagan K, editors. An effective diagnosis of cervical cancer neoplasia by extracting the diagnostic features using CRF. Computing, Electronics and Electrical Technologies (ICCEET), 2012 International Conference on; 2012: IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCEET.2012.6203885"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park SY, Sargent D, Wolters R, Lieberman RW, editors. Semantic Image Analysis for Cervical Neoplasia Detection. Semantic Computing (ICSC), 2010 IEEE Fourth International Conference on; 2010: IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSC.2010.85"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014029","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2830654","article-title":"Automated image analysis of digital colposcopy for the detection of cervical neoplasia","volume":"13","author":"SY Park","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of biomedical optics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2225429","article-title":"Elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy for the detection of cervical precancerous ex vivo","volume":"60","author":"T Denk\u00e7eken","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1007","article-title":"Fluorescence spectroscopy: a diagnostic tool for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)","volume":"52","author":"N Ramanujam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gynecologic Oncology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.11.001223","article-title":"Multispectral digital colposcopy for in vivo detection of cervical cancer","volume":"11","author":"J Benavides","year":"2003","journal-title":"Optics Express"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Fu C, Dinish U, Ng B, Murukeshan V, Seah L, Lim-Tan S, editors. Fluorescence lifetime imaging of haematoxylin and eosin-stained cervical tissue. Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, 2006 ICBPE 2006 International Conference on; 2006: IEEE."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-009-9046-7","article-title":"Fluorescence lifetime imaging of endogenous fluorophores in histopathology sections reveals differences between normal and tumor epithelium in carcinoma in situ of the breast","volume":"53","author":"MW Conklin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell biochemistry and biophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026018","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3382908","article-title":"Nonlinear multicontrast microscopy of hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained histological sections","volume":"15","author":"A Tuer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of biomedical optics"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu J, Fu CY, Ng BK, Gulam Razul S, Lim SK. Quantitative diagnosis of cervical neoplasia using fluorescence lifetime imaging on haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. Journal of biophotonics. 2013.","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201200202"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1039\/b316456j","article-title":"Time-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging applied to biological tissue","volume":"3","author":"D Elson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900343z","article-title":"Fluorescence lifetime measurements and biological imaging","volume":"110","author":"MY Berezin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chemical reviews"},{"key":"ref28","author":"CT Kelley","year":"1999"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.1021\/j100370a065","article-title":"Short and excitation-independent fluorescence lifetimes of J-aggregates adsorbed on silver (I) bromide and silica","volume":"94","author":"K Kemnitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2005.12.126","article-title":"Extreme learning machine: theory and applications","volume":"70","author":"G-B Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"ref31","author":"L Fausett","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"11","author":"RL Joseph","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref33","author":"W Becker","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref34","author":"B Young","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/24\/1\/309","article-title":"A study of the morphological parameters of cervical squamous epithelium","volume":"24","author":"D Walker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiological measurement"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-011-0019-y","article-title":"Extreme learning machines: a survey","volume":"2","author":"G-B Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.02.008","article-title":"Changes in the biochemical constituents and morphologic appearance of the human cervical stroma during pregnancy","volume":"144","author":"K Myers","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"ref38","author":"M-A Mycek","year":"2003"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2005.03.003","article-title":"GMDH-based feature ranking and selection for improved classification of medical data","volume":"38","author":"R Abdel-Aal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"ref40","author":"W Becker","year":"2012"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.091064","article-title":"On the stem cell origin of cancer","volume":"176","author":"S Sell","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of pathology"},{"key":"ref42","author":"B Shambayati","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"NHS Cervical Screening Programme FH. Histopathology Reporting in Cervical Screening\u2014an Integrated Approach, 10th Edition"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.036426","article-title":"Our approach to squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix","volume":"60","author":"AN Kalof","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of clinical pathology"},{"key":"ref45","author":"WJ Jun","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref46","author":"MR Nucci","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref47","author":"RA Reichert","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2007.891630","article-title":"Maximization of mutual information for supervised linear feature extraction","volume":"18","author":"JM Leiva-Murillo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2004.841414","article-title":"Estimating optimal feature subsets using efficient estimation of high-dimensional mutual information","volume":"16","author":"TW Chow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.186","article-title":"Feature extraction using information-theoretic learning","volume":"28","author":"KE Hild","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0125706","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,25]],"date-time":"2019-08-25T00:37:28Z","timestamp":1566693448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0125706"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Margaret","family":"McLaughlin-Drubin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0125706","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]}}}