{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:03:45Z","timestamp":1782230625616,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T18:03:12Z","timestamp":1434736992000},"page":"e0129868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hepatic Fibrosis Progression in HIV-Hepatitis C Virus Co-Infection \u2013 The Effect of Sex on Risk of Significant Fibrosis Measured by Aspartate-to-Platelet Ratio Index"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kathleen C.","family":"Rollet-Kurhajec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica E. M.","family":"Moodie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Walmsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neora","family":"Pick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina B.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Canadian Co-infection Cohort Study (CTN 222)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep0692","article-title":"New paradigms in the management of hepatitis C virus co-infections","volume":"4","author":"KE Sherman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2004.00207.x","article-title":"HIV and hepatitis C coinfection within the CAESAR study","volume":"5","author":"J Amin","year":"2004","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2007.00881.x","article-title":"Identification of liver fibrosis in HIV\/HCV-coinfected patients using a simple predictive model based on routine laboratory data","volume":"14","author":"J Berenguer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp297","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Canadian HIV-hepatitis C co-infection cohort study","volume":"39","author":"MB Klein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23136","article-title":"Fast fibrosis progression between repeated liver biopsies in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus\/hepatitis C virus","volume":"50","author":"J Macias","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300409","article-title":"Liver fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus coinfected patients. The Multivirc Group","volume":"30","author":"Y Benhamou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1086\/317644","article-title":"Liver fibrosis progression is related to CD4 cell depletion in patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"183","author":"M Puoti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000198087.47454.e1","article-title":"Survival and prognostic factors of HIV-infected patients with HCV-related end-stage liver disease","volume":"20","author":"N Merchante","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4517","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004517","article-title":"Is antiretroviral therapy causing long-term liver damage? A comparative analysis of HIV-mono-infected and HIV\/hepatitis C co-infected cohorts","volume":"4","author":"EE Moodie","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.027","article-title":"Early menopause is associated with lack of response to antiviral therapy in women with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"140","author":"E Villa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Public health Agency of Canada. Statement: Estimates of New Infections in 2010. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.phac-aspc.gc.ca\/aids-sida\/publication\/epi\/2010\/5-eng.php#fig5\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.phac-aspc.gc.ca\/aids-sida\/publication\/epi\/2010\/5-eng.php#fig5<\/ext-link>. Accessed 30 January 2012."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref12","first-page":"S27","article-title":"Women and HIV","volume":"4","author":"M Gatali","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada HCS, surveillance and epi section. Epidemiology of acute hepatitis C infection in Canada: results from the enhanced hepatitis strain surveillance system (EHSSS). Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2011\/aspc-phac\/HP40-41-2010-eng.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2011\/aspc-phac\/HP40-41-2010-eng.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 30 January 2012."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"National Institute of Health. Hepatitis C and Alcohol: Liver Cancer, Disease Progression. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.enotalone.com\/article\/11227.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.enotalone.com\/article\/11227.html<\/ext-link>. Accessed 9 February 2011."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07642-8","article-title":"Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR, and DOSVIRC groups","volume":"349","author":"T Poynard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.06.032","article-title":"Prevalence and challenges of liver diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"8","author":"IM Jacobson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2006.08.003","article-title":"The changing epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"10","author":"SR Bialek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00413-0","article-title":"A comparison of fibrosis progression in chronic liver diseases","volume":"38","author":"T Poynard","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.10.010","article-title":"Description of liver disease in a cohort of HIV\/HBV coinfected patients","volume":"47","author":"P Sellier","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2003.00811.x","article-title":"Impact of oestrogens on the progression of liver disease","volume":"23","author":"I Shimizu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2001.210507.x","article-title":"Estrogen receptor levels and lipid peroxidation in hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"21","author":"I Shimizu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290307","article-title":"Suppressive effects of estradiol on dimethylnitrosamine-induced fibrosis of the liver in rats","volume":"29","author":"M Yasuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"115","article-title":"&quot;Immune activation, aging and gender&quot; and progression of liver disease","volume":"82","author":"P Nasta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.101931","article-title":"Liver fibrosis in women with chronic hepatitis C: evidence for the negative role of the menopause and steatosis and the potential benefit of hormone replacement therapy","volume":"56","author":"L Codes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20463","article-title":"Progression of liver fibrosis in women infected with hepatitis C: long-term benefit of estrogen exposure","volume":"40","author":"V Di Martino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44624","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044624","article-title":"Reproductive status is associated with the severity of fibrosis in women with hepatitis C","volume":"7","author":"E Villa","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1075","article-title":"Sex differences in antiretroviral therapy-associated intolerance and adverse events","volume":"28","author":"R Clark","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-145","article-title":"Estimating past hepatitis C infection risk from reported risk factor histories: implications for imputing age of infection and modeling fibrosis progression","volume":"7","author":"P Bacchetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2005.00330.x","article-title":"Validation of a simple model for predicting liver fibrosis in HIV\/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients","volume":"6","author":"H Al-Mohri","year":"2005","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000184856.31695.bf","article-title":"HIV infection does not affect the performance of noninvasive markers of fibrosis for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus-related liver disease","volume":"40","author":"D Nunes","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.06038.x","article-title":"Sampling error and intraobserver variation in liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection","volume":"97","author":"A Regev","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21178","article-title":"Development of a simple noninvasive index to predict significant fibrosis in patients with HIV\/HCV coinfection","volume":"43","author":"RK1 Sterling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19991015)18:19<2655::AID-SIM202>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Analysis of binary outcomes in longitudinal studies using weighted estimating equations and discrete-time survival methods: prevalence and incidence of smoking in an adolescent cohort","volume":"18","author":"JB Carlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318030ff8e","article-title":"Evaluating liver fibrosis progression and the impact of antiretroviral therapy in HIV and hepatitis C coinfection using a noninvasive marker","volume":"44","author":"H Al-Mohri","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"(Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series, No. 51.) Chapter 3: Physiological Effects of Alcohol, Drugs, and Tobacco on Women","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20541","article-title":"The effect of antiretroviral therapy on liver disease among adults with HIV and hepatitis C coinfection","volume":"41","author":"SH Mehta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21757","article-title":"Clinical progression of hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"46","author":"JA Pineda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26741","article-title":"Fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus\/hepatitis C virus coinfected adults: prospective analysis of 435 liver biopsy pairs","volume":"59","author":"MA Konerman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f10de9","article-title":"Rapid fibrosis progression among HIV\/hepatitis C virus-co-infected adults","volume":"21","author":"MS Sulkowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"525","article-title":"Fibrosis progression in paired liver biopsies from HIV\/HCV co-infected patients","volume":"11","author":"M Schiavini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepat Mon"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1086\/367643","article-title":"Progression of chronic hepatitis C to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"36","author":"C Martinez-Sierra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-008-0067-y","article-title":"HIV infection in women: do sex and gender matter?","volume":"10","author":"KA Belden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"173","article-title":"Gender differences in the treatment of HIV infection","volume":"58","author":"M Floridia","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.12.012","article-title":"Hcv coinfection, an important risk factor for hepatotoxicity in pregnant women starting antiretroviral therapy","volume":"64","author":"IJ Snijdewind","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"97","article-title":"Gender differences in clinical, immunological, and virological outcomes in highly active antiretroviral-treated HIV-HCV coinfected patients","volume":"4","author":"J Emery","year":"2010","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283455e4b","article-title":"Antiretroviral treatment interruption leads to progression of liver fibrosis in HIV-hepatitis C virus co-infection","volume":"25","author":"J Thorpe","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000245442.29969.5c","article-title":"Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on protracted amenorrhea and ovarian dysfunction","volume":"108","author":"HE Cejtin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.05.006","article-title":"Gynecologic issues in the HIV-infected woman","volume":"22","author":"HE Cejtin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.209","article-title":"Substance use and psychotherapeutic medications: a likely contributor to menstrual disorders in women who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"188","author":"SD Harlow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010187","article-title":"Menopause and HIV infection: age at onset and associated factors, ANRS CO3 Aquitaine cohort","volume":"22","author":"M de Pommerol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2005.19.703","article-title":"Age of menopause and menopausal symptoms in HIV-infected women","volume":"19","author":"LE Fantry","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32834fa121","article-title":"Assessing mortality in women with hepatitis C virus and HIV using indirect markers of fibrosis","volume":"26","author":"K Bambha","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"Changes in biomarkers of liver disease during successful combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-HCV-coinfected individuals","author":"J Rohrbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24105","article-title":"Performance of the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index for the staging of hepatitis C-related fibrosis: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"ZH Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.2174\/1874613600802010082","article-title":"Liver enzyme alterations in HCV-monoinfected and HCV\/HIV-coinfected patients","volume":"2","author":"K Langohr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Open AIDS J"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0129868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T16:28:35Z","timestamp":1717950515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0129868"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Blackard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0129868","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]}}}