{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T16:49:09Z","timestamp":1774889349878,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T18:20:01Z","timestamp":1438366801000},"page":"e0134088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Gout and Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shuang-Chun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue-Hong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da-Kang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"WHO. (Updated May 2014) World Health Organization: the 10 leading causes of death by broad income group. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.Who.Int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs310\/en\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.Who.Int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs310\/en\/<\/ext-link> [Accessed July 2015]"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31828124ad","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142013 update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"127","author":"AS Go","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths: final data for 2007","volume":"58","author":"J Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.076232","article-title":"Gout in the UK and Germany: prevalence, comorbidities and management in general practice 2000\u20132005","volume":"67","author":"L Annemans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5164","article-title":"SAT0544 Prevalence of Gout in the Adult Population of France in 2013","volume":"73","author":"T. Bardin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3136","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30520","article-title":"Prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007\u20132008","volume":"63","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"2403","article-title":"Epidemiology of gout: is the incidence rising?","volume":"29","author":"E Arromdee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0556","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of gout","volume":"3","author":"E Roddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.Suppl_5.S9","article-title":"Epidemiology of gout","volume":"75","author":"AL Weaver","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.537878","article-title":"Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease","volume":"111","author":"P Libby","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.12.019","article-title":"Inflammation and coronary artery disease","volume":"150","author":"AY Tiong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22014","article-title":"Gout and the risk of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"54","author":"E Krishnan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.703389","article-title":"Independent impact of gout on mortality and risk for coronary heart disease","volume":"116","author":"HK Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.122770","article-title":"Independent impact of gout on the risk of acute myocardial infarction among elderly women: a population-based study","volume":"69","author":"MA De Vera","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes169","article-title":"Risk of myocardial infarction among patients with gout: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"52","author":"CF Kuo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket293","article-title":"Gout as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in England: evidence from record linkage studies","volume":"52","author":"OO Seminog","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.78","article-title":"Epidemiology: Gout\u2014bad for the heart as well as the joint","volume":"6","author":"A So","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.09.033","article-title":"Comorbidities of gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population: NHANES 2007\u20132008","volume":"125","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"DF Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"GA Wells, B Shea, D O&apos;Connell, J Peterson, V Welch, M Losos, et al. (2013) The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp<\/ext-link>. [Accessed July 2015]"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"CB Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"R DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh640","article-title":"Mechanisms of inflammation in gout","volume":"44","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.12.019","article-title":"Inflammation and coronary artery disease","volume":"150","author":"AY Tiong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780340203","article-title":"Persistence of monosodium urate crystals and low-grade inflammation in the synovial fluid of patients with untreated gout","volume":"34","author":"E Pascual","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh640","article-title":"Mechanisms of inflammation in gout","volume":"44","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.10.1104","article-title":"Long-term cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged men with gout","volume":"168","author":"E Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2952","article-title":"Mechanisms of inflammation in gout","volume":"12","author":"N Busso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.Suppl_5.S13","article-title":"The role of hyperuricemia and gout in kidney and cardiovascular disease","volume":"75","author":"NL Edwards","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"F Ballocca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000069700.62727.C5","article-title":"Is there a pathogenetic role for uric acid in hypertension and cardiovascular and renal disease?","volume":"41","author":"RJ Johnson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2006.02.005","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and associated diseases","volume":"32","author":"MA Becker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397054023128","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and coronary artery disease","volume":"1","author":"C Halligan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Rheumatology Reviews"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.07.046","article-title":"Effect of the metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia on outcome in patients with coronary artery disease (from the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention Study)","volume":"106","author":"Y Brodov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20065","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"SY Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.18.2404","article-title":"Serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971\u20131992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"283","author":"J Fang","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.14.1546","article-title":"Uric acid level as a risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study","volume":"164","author":"LK Niskanen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117479","article-title":"Relation of serum uric acid to mortality and ischemic heart disease. The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study","volume":"141","author":"DS Freedman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.6.1072","article-title":"Relation between serum uric acid and risk of cardiovascular disease in essential hypertension. The PIUMA study","volume":"36","author":"P Verdecchia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117634","article-title":"Uric acid and coronary heart disease risk: evidence for a role of uric acid in the obesity-insulin resistance syndrome. The Normative Aging Study","volume":"142","author":"J Lee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800885","article-title":"Uric acid and cardiovascular risk","volume":"359","author":"DI Feig","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1101.092839","article-title":"Elevated uric acid increases blood pressure in the rat by a novel crystal-independent mechanism","volume":"38","author":"M Mazzali","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1105","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00170.2002","article-title":"Mild hyperuricemia induces glomerular hypertension in normal rats","volume":"283","author":"LG S\u00e1nchez-Lozada","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00074.x","article-title":"Mild hyperuricemia induces vasoconstriction and maintains glomerular hypertension in normal and remnant kidney rats","volume":"67","author":"LG S\u00e1nchez-Lozada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0902.104353","article-title":"Inflammation and atherosclerosis","volume":"105","author":"P Libby","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000072820.07472.3B","article-title":"Uric acid stimulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vascular smooth muscle cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase-2","volume":"41","author":"J Kanellis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.2.577","article-title":"The role of hyperuricemia in the increased cytokine production after lipopolysaccharide challenge in neutropenic mice","volume":"89","author":"MG Netea","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1101.092839","article-title":"Elevated uric acid increases blood pressure in the rat by a novel crystal-independent mechanism","volume":"38","author":"M Mazzali","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2004.09.007","article-title":"Uric acid as a mediator of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular disease","volume":"25","author":"J Kanellis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1080\/15257770802257952","article-title":"Inactivation of nitric oxide by uric acid","volume":"27","author":"C Gersch","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2012.08.023","article-title":"Uric acid and high sensitive C-reactive protein are associated with subclinical thoracic aortic atherosclerosis","volume":"61","author":"M G\u00fcr","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313514895","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular mortality associated with gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"LE Clarson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep364","article-title":"Gout: an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality","volume":"49","author":"CF Kuo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400040074016","article-title":"Female gout. Clinical spectrum and uric acid metabolism","volume":"151","author":"JG Puig","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.03.003","article-title":"Testing the Newcastle Ottawa Scale showed low reliability between individual reviewers","volume":"66","author":"L Hartling","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0134088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T09:07:54Z","timestamp":1718010474000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0134088"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Carmine","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0134088","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]]}}}