{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T11:20:49Z","timestamp":1789039249079,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T13:57:41Z","timestamp":1439474261000},"page":"e0135486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Low Serum Hepcidin in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Aggeliki","family":"Lyberopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Chachami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos K.","family":"Gatselis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Kyratzopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asterios","family":"Saitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Gabeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Eliades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efrosini","family":"Paraskeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalliopi","family":"Zachou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George K.","family":"Koukoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avgi","family":"Mamalaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George N.","family":"Dalekos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Simos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01920-7","article-title":"LEAP-1, a novel highly disulfide-bonded human peptide, exhibits antimicrobial activity","volume":"480","author":"A Krause","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7806","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M008922200","article-title":"Hepcidin, a urinary antimicrobial peptide synthesized in the liver","volume":"276","author":"CH Park","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8780","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.151179498","article-title":"Lack of hepcidin gene expression and severe tissue iron overload in upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) knockout mice","volume":"98","author":"G Nicolas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5704","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104742","article-title":"Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization","volume":"306","author":"E Nemeth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.06.028","article-title":"Two to tango: regulation of Mammalian iron metabolism","volume":"142","author":"MW Hentze","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"29","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5705","DOI":"10.1021\/bi300752r","article-title":"Mechanisms of mammalian iron homeostasis","volume":"51","author":"K Pantopoulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00008.2013","article-title":"Systemic iron homeostasis","volume":"93","author":"T Ganz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.08.004","article-title":"Hepcidin in human iron disorders: therapeutic implications","volume":"54","author":"A Pietrangelo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.01.004","article-title":"The pathophysiology and pharmacology of hepcidin","volume":"35","author":"P Ruchala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-050109-142444","article-title":"Hepcidin and disorders of iron metabolism","volume":"62","author":"T Ganz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5083034","article-title":"Out of balance\u2014systemic iron homeostasis in iron-related disorders","volume":"5","author":"AU Steinbicker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1777","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein signaling by hemojuvelin regulates hepcidin expression","volume":"38","author":"JL Babitt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.335","article-title":"BMP6 is a key endogenous regulator of hepcidin expression and iron metabolism","volume":"41","author":"B Andriopoulos Jr.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.06.009","article-title":"Fine tuning of hepcidin expression by positive and negative regulators","volume":"8","author":"MU Muckenthaler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5195","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-09-111567","article-title":"Hemojuvelin regulates hepcidin expression via a selective subset of BMP ligands and receptors independently of neogenin","volume":"111","author":"Y Xia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.09.012","article-title":"The serine protease matriptase-2 (TMPRSS6) inhibits hepcidin activation by cleaving membrane hemojuvelin","volume":"8","author":"L Silvestri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-033969","article-title":"STAT3 mediates hepatic hepcidin expression and its inflammatory stimulation","volume":"109","author":"MV Verga Falzacappa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215686","article-title":"The gene encoding the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin is regulated by anemia, hypoxia, and inflammation","volume":"110","author":"G Nicolas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1309\/WWNE-KW2C-4KTW-PTJ5","article-title":"Histologic features of the liver in insulin resistance-associated iron overload. A study of 139 patients","volume":"116","author":"B Turlin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2004.03410.x","article-title":"Liver iron deposits in hepatitis B patients: association with severity of liver disease but not with hemochromatosis gene mutations","volume":"19","author":"AL Martinelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9041250","article-title":"Hemosiderosis in cirrhosis: a study of 447 native livers","volume":"112","author":"J Ludwig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(03)00102-2","article-title":"Hepatic iron overload in alcoholic liver disease: why does it occur and what is its role in pathogenesis?","volume":"30","author":"TA Rouault","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1309\/X4UH5Q68Q4J3GDNV","article-title":"Iron accumulation in chronic hepatitis C: relation of hepatic iron distribution, HFE genotype, and disease course","volume":"124","author":"C Corengia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e218","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-337907","article-title":"Serum hepcidin: reference ranges and biochemical correlates in the general population","volume":"117","author":"TE Galesloot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.01.004","article-title":"Ferritin, metabolic syndrome and NAFLD: elective attractions and dangerous liaisons","volume":"46","author":"P Trombini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2008.005405","article-title":"Towards explaining &quot;unexplained hyperferritinemia&quot;","volume":"94","author":"C Camaschella","year":"2009","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2012.02828.x","article-title":"The serum hepcidin:ferritin ratio is a potential biomarker for cirrhosis","volume":"32","author":"TC Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2119\/2006-00057.Fujita","article-title":"Hepcidin expression in the liver: relatively low level in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"13","author":"N Fujita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.11.003","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"60","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.010","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"57","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22322","article-title":"Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"48","author":"EM Hennes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"KD Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1517\/17530059.2.6.621","article-title":"Molecular diagnostics of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"2","author":"EI Rigopoulou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Med Diagn"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9092-0","article-title":"Diagnostic relevance and clinical significance of the new enhanced performance M2 (MIT3) ELISA for the detection of IgA and IgG antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"S Gabeta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2013.801461","article-title":"Clinical significance of the fluctuation of primary biliary cirrhosis-related autoantibodies during the course of the disease","volume":"46","author":"NK Gatselis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1159\/000358150","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"32","author":"KD Williamson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.04.008","article-title":"A position statement on NAFLD\/NASH based on the EASL 2009 special conference","volume":"53","author":"V Ratziu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4581","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004581","article-title":"A novel immunological assay for hepcidin quantification in human serum","volume":"4","author":"V Koliaraki","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840010511","article-title":"Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis","volume":"1","author":"RG Knodell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i4.482","article-title":"Impact of parietal cell autoantibodies and non-organ-specific autoantibodies on the treatment outcome of patients with hepatitis C virus infection: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"NK Gatselis","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.05.015","article-title":"IgA antibodies against deamidated gliadin peptides in patients with chronic liver diseases","volume":"413","author":"NK Gatselis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4292","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-02-139915","article-title":"Immunoassay for human serum hepcidin","volume":"112","author":"T Ganz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48250","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048250","article-title":"Increased serum hepcidin levels in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: a population study","volume":"7","author":"N Martinelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.06.027","article-title":"Reduced serum hepcidin levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"51","author":"D Girelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.3945\/an.113.004424","article-title":"Iron biology, immunology, aging, and obesity: four fields connected by the small peptide hormone hepcidin","volume":"4","author":"MC Dao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.82","article-title":"Cholestasis downregulate hepcidin expression through inhibiting IL-6-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling","volume":"89","author":"YH Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4855","article-title":"Hepcidin levels in humans are correlated with hepatic iron stores, hemoglobin levels, and hepatic function","volume":"106","author":"L Detivaud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.03.011","article-title":"Hepcidin and iron-related gene expression in subjects with Dysmetabolic Hepatic Iron Overload","volume":"49","author":"D Barisani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.05.014","article-title":"Patients with chronic hepatitis C achieving a sustained virological response to peginterferon and ribavirin therapy recover from impaired hepcidin secretion","volume":"49","author":"N Fujita","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2009.01244.x","article-title":"Serum hepcidin levels are related to the severity of liver histological lesions in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"17","author":"E Tsochatzis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36425","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036425","article-title":"Hepcidin expression in iron overload diseases is variably modulated by circulating factors","volume":"7","author":"G Ravasi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.03.011","article-title":"An overview of molecular basis of iron metabolism regulation and the associated pathologies","volume":"1852","author":"B Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.04.085","article-title":"Oxygen-dependent secretion of a bioactive hepcidin-GFP chimera","volume":"435","author":"G Chachami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-010-1022-4","article-title":"Defensins in innate immunity","volume":"343","author":"L Hazlett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2012-0217","article-title":"Beyond anemia: hepcidin, monocytes and inflammation","volume":"394","author":"X Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.07.018","article-title":"The role of the innate immune response in autoimmune disease","volume":"29","author":"KS Lang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i5.567","article-title":"Defensins couple dysbiosis to primary immunodeficiency in Crohn&apos;s disease","volume":"17","author":"M Chamaillard","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0135486","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T06:07:45Z","timestamp":1567058865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0135486"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pavel","family":"Strnad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0135486","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]]}}}