{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:10:24Z","timestamp":1789380624716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T18:10:47Z","timestamp":1445364647000},"page":"e0140752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["In Vivo Study of Dynamics and Stability of Dendritic Spines on Olfactory Bulb Interneurons in Xenopus laevis Tadpoles"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yu-Bin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6780","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1038\/35009107","article-title":"Experience-dependent plasticity of dendritic spines in the developing rat barrel cortex in vivo","volume":"404","author":"B Lendvai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6917","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01273","article-title":"Long-term in vivo imaging of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in adult cortex","volume":"420","author":"JT Trachtenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2699","article-title":"Experience-dependent structural synaptic plasticity in the mammalian brain","volume":"10","author":"A Holtmaat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.12.040","article-title":"Dendritic spines: the stuff that memories are made of?","volume":"20","author":"SB Hofer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2010.01.001","article-title":"Structural dynamics of dendritic spines in memory and cognition","volume":"33","author":"H Kasai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2011.02.001","article-title":"Experience-dependent structural plasticity in the cortex","volume":"34","author":"M Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13438","article-title":"Developmental regulation of spine motility in the mammalian central nervous system","volume":"96","author":"A Dunaevsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(99)80050-6","article-title":"Structure, development, and plasticity of dendritic spines","volume":"9","author":"KM Harris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16024","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2636949100","article-title":"Motility of dendritic spines in visual cortex in vivo: changes during the critical period and effects of visual deprivation","volume":"100","author":"A Majewska","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.04.001","article-title":"Development of long-term dendritic spine stability in diverse regions of cerebral cortex","volume":"46","author":"Y Zuo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/35104061","article-title":"Dendritic spines: structure, dynamics and regulation","volume":"2","author":"H Hering","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.64.081501.160008","article-title":"Structure and function of dendritic spines","volume":"64","author":"EA Nimchinsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annual Review Of Physiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(03)00162-0","article-title":"Structure-stability-function relationships of dendritic spines","volume":"26","author":"H Kasai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.010908.163140","article-title":"Dendritic spine dynamics","volume":"71","author":"DH Bhatt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annual review of physiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00294-5","article-title":"Wiring the zebrafish: axon guidance and synaptogenesis","volume":"12","author":"LD Hutson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/72936","article-title":"Growth cone and dendrite dynamics in zebrafish embryos: early events in synaptogenesis imaged in vivo","volume":"3","author":"JD Jontes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3604","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0223-06.2006","article-title":"Evidence from in vivo imaging that synaptogenesis guides the growth and branching of axonal arbors by two distinct mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"MP Meyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20928","article-title":"The Xenopus retinal ganglion cell as a model neuron to study the establishment of neuronal connectivity","volume":"72","author":"S McFarlane","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1038\/nn735","article-title":"Visualizing synapse formation in arborizing optic axons in vivo: dynamics and modulation by BDNF","volume":"4","author":"B Alsina","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90111-R","article-title":"Early Axonal Contacts during Development Of an Identified Dendrite In the Brain Of the Zebrafish","volume":"4","author":"CB Kimmel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00182-3","article-title":"Dendritic arbor development and synaptogenesis","volume":"11","author":"HT Cline","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0069-06.2006","article-title":"Stabilization of axon branch dynamics by synaptic maturation","volume":"26","author":"ES Ruthazer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6906","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00987","article-title":"Dendrite growth increased by visual activity requires NMDA receptor and Rho GTPases","volume":"419","author":"WC Sin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2013.12.002","article-title":"Zebrafish as an emerging model for studying complex brain disorders","volume":"35","author":"AV Kalueff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends In Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.012138","article-title":"Modeling human neurodevelopmental disorders in the Xenopus tadpole: from mechanisms to therapeutic targets","volume":"6","author":"KG Pratt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2010.07.010","article-title":"Spine plasticity in the motor cortex","volume":"21","author":"X Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10621","article-title":"Visually guided injection of identified reticulospinal neurons in zebrafish: A survey of spinal arborization patterns","volume":"459","author":"E Gahtan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90181-P","article-title":"Navigational Errors Made by Growth Cones without Filopodia In the Embryonic Xenopus Brain","volume":"11","author":"CB Chien","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6553","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/378192a0","article-title":"Effects Of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Optic Axon Branching And Remodeling In-Vivo","volume":"378","author":"S Cohencory","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02017","article-title":"BDNF stabilizes synapses and maintains the structural complexity of optic axons in vivo","volume":"132","author":"B Hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.125963","article-title":"Cell type-specific relationships between spiking and [Ca2+](i) in neurons of the Xenopus tadpole olfactory bulb","volume":"582","author":"BJ Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Physiol-London"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.05.007","article-title":"Neural Activity Regulates Synaptic Properties and Dendritic Structure In Vivo through Calcineurin\/NFAT Signaling","volume":"62","author":"N Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"32","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12127","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602670103","article-title":"AMPA receptors regulate experience-dependent dendritic arbor growth in vivo","volume":"103","author":"K Haas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/26.4.399","article-title":"Slice culture of the olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles","volume":"26","author":"U Scheidweiler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Normal table of Xenopus laevis (DAUDIN): A systematical and chronological survey of the development from the fertilized egg till the end","author":"PD Nieuwkoop","year":"1956"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-007-0234-2","article-title":"Calcium indicator loading of neurons using single-cell electroporation","volume":"454","author":"T Nevian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.186","article-title":"In vivo single-cell electroporation for transfer of DNA and macromolecules","volume":"1","author":"JE Bestman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80705-9","article-title":"Synaptic targeting of the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 mediated by lipid and protein motifs","volume":"22","author":"SE Craven","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5495","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5495.1364","article-title":"PSD-95 involvement in maturation of excitatory synapses","volume":"290","author":"AE El-Hussein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10618","article-title":"Time-lapse in vivo imaging of the morphological development of Xenopus optic tectal interneurons","volume":"459","author":"GY Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02409","article-title":"BDNF increases synapse density in dendrites of developing tectal neurons in vivo","volume":"133","author":"AL Sanchez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.top077156","article-title":"In vivo time-lapse imaging of neuronal development in Xenopus","volume":"2013","author":"ES Ruthazer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"pdb prot4782","article-title":"Imaging retinotectal synaptic connectivity","volume":"2007","author":"S Cohen-Cory","year":"2007","journal-title":"CSH Protoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref44","first-page":"2685","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines and synapses in rat hippocampus (CA1) at postnatal day 15 and adult ages: implications for the maturation of synaptic physiology and long-term potentiation","volume":"12","author":"KM Harris","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410000208","article-title":"Structure of the olfactory bulb in tadpoles of Xenopus laevis","volume":"302","author":"LP Nezlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.043059","article-title":"cAMP-independent olfactory transduction of amino acids in Xenopus laevis tadpoles","volume":"551","author":"I Manzini","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol-London"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1038\/nn717","article-title":"Rapid formation and remodeling of postsynaptic densities in developing dendrites","volume":"4","author":"GS Marrs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6105","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-16-06105.2001","article-title":"Spine formation and correlated assembly of presynaptic and postsynaptic molecules","volume":"21","author":"S Okabe","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1191","article-title":"In vivo imaging of synapse formation on a growing dendritic arbor","volume":"7","author":"CM Niell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"7227","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07487","article-title":"Experience leaves a lasting structural trace in cortical circuits","volume":"457","author":"SB Hofer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11086","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1661-10.2010","article-title":"Structural Dynamics of Synapses in Vivo Correlate with Functional Changes during Experience-Dependent Plasticity in Visual Cortex","volume":"30","author":"D Tropea","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/35104061","article-title":"Dentritic spines: structure, dynamics and regulation","volume":"2","author":"H Hering","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10709","article-title":"Organization of glomeruli in the main olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles","volume":"464","author":"LP Nezlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1875","article-title":"Dendritic development and plasticity of adult-born neurons in the mouse olfactory bulb","volume":"10","author":"A Mizrahi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903140108","article-title":"Development Of the Olfactory-Bulb In the Clawed Frog, Xenopus-Laevis\u2014a Morphological And Quantitative-Analysis","volume":"314","author":"CA Byrd","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"5231","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569905","article-title":"Domain interaction between NMDA receptor subunits and the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95","volume":"269","author":"HC Kornau","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-07-02157.1996","article-title":"Interaction between the C terminus of NMDA receptor subunits and multiple members of the PSD-95 family of membrane-associated guanylate kinases","volume":"16","author":"M Niethammer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-06-02170.2003","article-title":"Synchronized formation and remodeling of postsynaptic densities: Long-term visualization of hippocampal neurons expressing postsynaptic density proteins tagged with green fluorescent protein","volume":"23","author":"T Ebihara","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4105-08.2009","article-title":"Sensory input enhances synaptogenesis of adult-born neurons","volume":"29","author":"Y Livneh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8900","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-21-08900.1998","article-title":"Synaptogenesis via dendritic filopodia in developing hippocampal area CA1","volume":"18","author":"JC Fiala","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-08-02982.1989","article-title":"Dendritic spines of CA 1 pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus: serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysical characteristics","volume":"9","author":"KM Harris","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125646","article-title":"Balancing structure and function at hippocampal dendritic spines","volume":"31","author":"JN Bourne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annual Review Of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.003","article-title":"Transient and persistent dendritic spines in the neocortex in vivo","volume":"45","author":"AJGD Holtmaat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E09-07-0596","article-title":"Molecular architecture of synaptic actin cytoskeleton in hippocampal neurons reveals a mechanism of dendritic spine morphogenesis","volume":"21","author":"F Korobova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201003008","article-title":"Actin in dendritic spines: connecting dynamics to function","volume":"189","author":"P Hotulainen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0140752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T19:27:54Z","timestamp":1653334074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0140752"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Xiangming","family":"Zha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0140752","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]]}}}