{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T21:53:33Z","timestamp":1771624413738,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]],"date-time":"2015-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]],"date-time":"2015-12-04T18:50:34Z","timestamp":1449255034000},"page":"e0144149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Deficiency Independently Predicts Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sen Hee","family":"Tay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung Shun","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger Chun-Man","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anselm","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.148","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenesis and biomarkers","volume":"10","author":"H Jeltsch-David","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39111","article-title":"Mood Disorders in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From an International Inception Cohort Study","volume":"67","author":"JG Hanly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10281","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160510281","article-title":"Anti-NR2A\/B Antibodies and Other Major Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Cognitive Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"16","author":"SH Tay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199904)42:4<599::AID-ANR2>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes","volume":"42","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27404","article-title":"Assessment of cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis by computerized neuropsychological tests","volume":"62","author":"JG Hanly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390303","article-title":"The development and initial validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics\/American College of Rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"39","author":"D Gladman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23090","article-title":"Impact of memory impairment on employment status in persons with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"57","author":"P Panopalis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1038","article-title":"The relationship between neuropsychiatric, clinical, and laboratory variables and quality of life of Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"35","author":"LS Tam","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp032","article-title":"Vitamin D is associated with cognitive function in elders receiving home health services","volume":"64","author":"JS Buell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1159\/000339702","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency, cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"T Etgen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826c197f","article-title":"Vitamin D, cognition, and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"C Balion","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12489","article-title":"Vitamin D and systemic lupus erythematosus: continued evolution","volume":"18","author":"KS Yap","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.4.694","article-title":"The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement","volume":"84","author":"LA Houghton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400928","article-title":"Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"40","author":"MC Hochberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2550","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051135","article-title":"Combined oral contraceptives in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"353","author":"M Petri","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315591026","article-title":"Active disease is independently associated with more severe anxiety rather than depressive symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"24","author":"SH Tay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203303lu442oa","article-title":"Validating a computerized neuropsychological test battery for mixed ethnic lupus patients","volume":"12","author":"SL Holliday","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21835","article-title":"Validation of the Pediatric Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"65","author":"HI Brunner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.100560","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study","volume":"38","author":"MA Antonchak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.03.009","article-title":"Current 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays: do they pass the test?","volume":"413","author":"L Ong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1776","article-title":"Cognitive function in a systemic lupus erythematosus inception cohort","volume":"35","author":"M Petri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02755.x","article-title":"Vitamin D and cognitive performance in adults: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"C Annweiler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.15","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric SLE","volume":"10","author":"JG Hanly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1985.tb08735.x","article-title":"Restricted transport of vitamin D and A derivatives through the rat blood-brain barrier","volume":"44","author":"WM Pardridge","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2004.08.006","article-title":"Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1 alpha-hydroxylase in human brain","volume":"29","author":"DW Eyles","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01949-4","article-title":"Vitamin D: the neglected neurosteroid?","volume":"24","author":"J McGrath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e81989","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081989","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and CSF acetylcholinesterase activity are reduced in patients with Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"8","author":"P Johansson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.03.023","article-title":"Transient prenatal Vitamin D deficiency is associated with hyperlocomotion in adult rats","volume":"154","author":"TH Burne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000318570","article-title":"Vitamin D and ageing: neurological issues","volume":"62","author":"C Annweiler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-12-230","article-title":"Alzheimer&apos;s disease\u2014input of vitamin D with mEmantine assay (AD-IDEA trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"C Annweiler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e32833c850f","article-title":"Neurosteroid vitamin D system as a nontraditional drug target in neuropsychopharmacology","volume":"21","author":"A Stewart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0619-x","article-title":"Rapid correction of low vitamin D status in nursing home residents","volume":"19","author":"R Przybelski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311422094","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency as marker for disease activity and damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison with anti-dsDNA and anti-C1q","volume":"21","author":"CC Mok","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker212","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with disease activity, vascular risk factors and atherosclerosis","volume":"51","author":"CC Mok","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39108","article-title":"Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Interferon Signature in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"67","author":"C Aranow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.120329","article-title":"Serum concentrations of 25-OH vitamin D in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are inversely related to disease activity: is it time to routinely supplement patients with SLE with vitamin D?","volume":"69","author":"H Amital","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.107920.110","article-title":"A ChIP-seq defined genome-wide map of vitamin D receptor binding: associations with disease and evolution","volume":"20","author":"SV Ramagopalan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.1.270","article-title":"Suppressive effect of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on type I IFN-mediated monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells: impairment of functional activities and chemotaxis","volume":"174","author":"MC Gauzzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-011-1880-5","article-title":"Vitamin D and its emerging role in immunopathology","volume":"31","author":"M Haroon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.148494","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased autoimmune response in healthy individuals and in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"70","author":"LL Ritterhouse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.2000.4998","article-title":"Vitamin D(3) and its synthetic analogs inhibit the spontaneous in vitro immunoglobulin production by SLE-derived PBMC","volume":"99","author":"M Linker-Israeli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512001675","article-title":"Genetic and environmental predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among middle-aged and elderly Chinese in Singapore","volume":"109","author":"K Robien","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.08.011","article-title":"Disease activity, proteinuria, and vitamin D status in children with systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile dermatomyositis","volume":"160","author":"AB Robinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37953","article-title":"Vitamin D in systemic lupus erythematosus: modest association with disease activity and the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio","volume":"65","author":"M Petri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12511","article-title":"Vitamin D and white matter abnormalities in older adults: a cross-sectional neuroimaging study","volume":"21","author":"C Annweiler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30458","article-title":"Neuroimaging evidence of white matter inflammation in newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"63","author":"AE Ramage","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.11.001","article-title":"Brain abnormalities in newly diagnosed neuropsychiatric lupus: systematic MRI approach and correlation with clinical and laboratory data in a large multicenter cohort","volume":"14","author":"N Sarbu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2008.05.001","article-title":"Vitamin D and neurocognitive dysfunction: preventing &quot;D&quot;ecline?","volume":"29","author":"JS Buell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21992","article-title":"Use of computerized assessment to predict neuropsychological functioning and emotional distress in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"55","author":"TM Roebuck-Spencer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3286","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23991","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus: past, present, and future","volume":"58","author":"E Kozora","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203307079044","article-title":"Proposed response criteria for neurocognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials","volume":"16","author":"JA Mikdashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.111504","article-title":"Screening for cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"39","author":"JG Hanly","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-12-0026","article-title":"Intraindividual variation in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D measures 5 years apart among postmenopausal women","volume":"21","author":"JE Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T20:07:21Z","timestamp":1588968441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144149"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jose","family":"Crispin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144149","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]]}}}