{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:38:01Z","timestamp":1790811481204,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]],"date-time":"2016-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]],"date-time":"2016-01-07T18:50:10Z","timestamp":1452192610000},"page":"e0144640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Sodium-Glucose Linked Cotransporter-2 Inhibition Does Not Attenuate Disease Progression in the Rat Remnant Kidney Model of Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yanling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Thai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Kepecs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198209093071104","article-title":"Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsic renal disease","volume":"307","author":"BM Brenner","year":"1982","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"135","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1159\/000060155","article-title":"Hemodynamic effects of angiotensin II in the kidney","author":"A Toke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198503073121004","article-title":"Effect of blood glucose control on increased glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in insulin-dependent diabetes","volume":"312","author":"MJ Wiseman","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V2111578","article-title":"Impaired myogenic responsiveness of the afferent arteriole in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: role of eicosanoid derangements","volume":"2","author":"K Hayashi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref5","first-page":"F605","article-title":"Effect of exogenous and endogenous angiotensin II in the isolated perfused rat kidney","volume":"235","author":"M Davalos","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"94","article-title":"Brenner and Rector's The Kidney","author":"KA Munger","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005081","article-title":"Renal hemodynamic effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"129","author":"DZ Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R75","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00357.2011","article-title":"Acute and chronic effects of SGLT2 blockade on glomerular and tubular function in the early diabetic rat","volume":"302","author":"SC Thomson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2014.05.006","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in type 1 diabetes: simultaneous glucose lowering and renal protection?","volume":"38","author":"DZ Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.02.010","article-title":"Sodium\/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and prevention of diabetic nephropathy: targeting the renal tubule in diabetes","volume":"64","author":"L De Nicola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.451","article-title":"Sodium-glucose linked transporter-2 inhibitors: potential for renoprotection beyond blood glucose lowering?","volume":"86","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.251","article-title":"Dapagliflozin, a novel SGLT2 inhibitor, induces dose-dependent glucosuria in healthy subjects","volume":"85","author":"B Komoroski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01406.x","article-title":"Canagliflozin, a novel inhibitor of sodium glucose co-transporter 2, dose dependently reduces calculated renal threshold for glucose excretion and increases urinary glucose excretion in healthy subjects","volume":"13","author":"S Sha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"120","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.512","article-title":"Glucose dynamics and mechanistic implications of SGLT2 inhibitors in animals and humans","author":"JF List","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0104-3","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2","volume":"53","author":"S Kasichayanula","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.03.007","article-title":"Sergliflozin etabonate, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Zucker fatty rats","volume":"609","author":"Y Fujimori","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112528","article-title":"Therapeutic advantage of converting enzyme inhibitors in arresting progressive renal disease associated with systemic hypertension in the rat","volume":"77","author":"S Anderson","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112521","article-title":"Prevention of diabetic glomerulopathy by pharmacological amelioration of glomerular capillary hypertension","volume":"77","author":"R Zatz","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.214","article-title":"Transforming growth factor \u00df1 and renal injury following subtotal nephrectomy in the rat: Role of the renin-angiotensin system","volume":"51","author":"L Wu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"36","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14448","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703577104","article-title":"Role of VEGF in maintaining renal structure and function under normotensive and hypertensive conditions","volume":"104","author":"A Advani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1502","article-title":"Early outgrowth cells release soluble endocrine antifibrotic factors that reduce progressive organ fibrosis","volume":"31","author":"DA Yuen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65139-5","article-title":"Pathological expression of renin and angiotensin II in the renal tubule after subtotal nephrectomy\u2014Implications for the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis","volume":"155","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47160","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047160","article-title":"A purpose-synthesised anti-fibrotic agent attenuates experimental kidney diseases in the rat","volume":"7","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549704501112","article-title":"Application of photoshop-based image analysis to quantification of hormone receptor expression in breast cancer","volume":"45","author":"HA Lehr","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549904700113","article-title":"Complete chromogen separation and analysis in double immunohistochemical stains using photoshop-based image analysis","volume":"47","author":"HA Lehr","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000139066.77892.04","article-title":"Tranilast attenuates structural and functional aspects of renal injury in the remnant kidney model","volume":"15","author":"DJ Kelly","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000376","article-title":"Combination therapy with tranilast and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition provides additional renoprotection in the remnant kidney model","volume":"69","author":"DJ Kelly","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004070578","article-title":"Protein kinase Cbeta inhibition attenuates osteopontin expression, macrophage recruitment, and tubulointerstitial injury in advanced experimental diabetic nephropathy","volume":"16","author":"DJ Kelly","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.765750","article-title":"Inhibition of protein kinase C-beta by ruboxistaurin preserves cardiac function and reduces extracellular matrix production in diabetic cardiomyopathy","volume":"2","author":"KA Connelly","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)11445-8","article-title":"Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy","volume":"349","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311113292004","article-title":"The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy","volume":"329","author":"EJ Lewis","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0387","article-title":"Characterization of renal glucose reabsorption in response to dapagliflozin in healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"36","author":"RA DeFronzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI100690","article-title":"The Excretion of Inulin, Xylose and Urea by Normal and Phlorizinized Man","volume":"14","author":"JA Shannon","year":"1935","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1983.72","article-title":"Hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury and the progressive nature of kidney disease","volume":"23","author":"BM Brenner","year":"1983","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70229-5","article-title":"Renoprotection by nitric oxide donor and lisinopril in the remnant kidney model","volume":"33","author":"A Benigni","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2007.00796.x","article-title":"Rodent models of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy","volume":"12","author":"GH Tesch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-004-0053-1","article-title":"Use of genetic mouse models in the study of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"4","author":"TJ Allen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100777","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100777","article-title":"Long-term treatment with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, ameliorates glucose homeostasis and diabetic nephropathy in db\/db mice","volume":"9","author":"N Terami","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F317","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00145.2014","article-title":"The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin ameliorates early features of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob\/ob type 2 diabetic mice with and without hypertension","volume":"307","author":"F Gembardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F194","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00520.2013","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces renal growth and albuminuria in proportion to hyperglycemia and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetic Akita mice","volume":"306","author":"V Vallon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12269","article-title":"Tofogliflozin, a novel sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, improves renal and pancreatic function in db\/db mice","volume":"170","author":"T Nagata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1061253","article-title":"Expansion of cortical interstitium is limited by converting enzyme inhibition in type 2 diabetic patients with glomerulosclerosis","volume":"10","author":"DJ Cordonnier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010040384","article-title":"Angiotensin II as a morphogenic cytokine stimulating renal fibrogenesis","volume":"22","author":"C Ruster","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117251","article-title":"Angiotensin II stimulates extracellular matrix protein synthesis through induction of transforming growth factor-beta expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells","volume":"93","author":"S Kagami","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116710","article-title":"Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of cultured murine proximal tubular cells is mediated by endogenous transforming growth factor-\u00df","volume":"92","author":"G Wolf","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.3.414","article-title":"Expression of transforming growth factor-\u00df1 and type IV collagen in the renal tubulointerstitium in experimental diabetes: effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition","volume":"47","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0911","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta in human diabetic nephropathy: effects of ACE inhibition","volume":"29","author":"RG Langham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.6.1072","article-title":"Urinary transforming growth factor-beta excretion in patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and elevated albumin excretion rate: effects of angiotensin receptor blockade and sodium restriction","volume":"25","author":"CA Houlihan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.250","article-title":"Dapagliflozin, a novel, selective SGLT2 inhibitor, improved glycemic control over 2 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"85","author":"B Komoroski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6 Suppl 1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(14)72692-8","article-title":"SGLT-2 inhibition in patients with kidney disease","volume":"40","author":"RE Gilbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12127","article-title":"Dapagliflozin a glucose-regulating drug with diuretic properties in subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"15","author":"HJ Lambers Heerspink","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1983.71","article-title":"Renal hypertrophy in experimental diabetes","volume":"23","author":"K Seyer-Hansen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108994","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108994","article-title":"Inhibition of kidney proximal tubular glucose reabsorption does not prevent against diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic eNOS knockout mice","volume":"9","author":"M Gangadharan Komala","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T03:54:11Z","timestamp":1654055651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144640"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Dussaule","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144640","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]]}}}