{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:36:02Z","timestamp":1791336962430,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]],"date-time":"2015-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]],"date-time":"2015-12-21T13:37:34Z","timestamp":1450705054000},"page":"e0144854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Antibiotic Treatment Affects Intestinal Permeability and Gut Microbial Composition in Wistar Rats Dependent on Antibiotic Class"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Monica Vera-Lise","family":"Tulstrup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen Gerd","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Linninge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siv","family":"Ahrn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"H\u00f8jberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine Rask","family":"Licht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Iain","family":"Bahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11551","article-title":"Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system","volume":"489","author":"CL Maynard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.165886","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability","volume":"58","author":"PD Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3975","article-title":"Platforms for antibiotic discovery","volume":"12","author":"K Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3216","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.040618-0","article-title":"Long-term impacts of antibiotic exposure on the human intestinal microbiota","volume":"156","author":"C Jernberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.05.003","article-title":"Antibiotics, microbiota, and immune defense","volume":"33","author":"C Ubeda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80201","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080201","article-title":"Differential effects of antibiotic therapy on the structure and function of human gut microbiota","volume":"8","author":"AE P\u00e9rez-Cobas","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11400","article-title":"Antibiotics in early life alter the murine colonic microbiome and adiposity","volume":"488","author":"I Cho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2014.03.009","article-title":"Effect of various antibiotics on modulation of intestinal microbiota and bile acid profile in mice","volume":"277","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95476","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095476","article-title":"Short-term effect of antibiotics on human gut microbiota","volume":"9","author":"S Panda","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12399","article-title":"Antibiotic treatments and microbes in the gut","volume":"16","author":"S Macfarlane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.14","article-title":"Role of the gut microbiota in defining human health","volume":"8","author":"KE Fujimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01104-10","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment alters the colonic mucus layer and predisposes the host to exacerbated <italic>Citrobacter rodentium<\/italic>-induced colitis","volume":"79","author":"M Wlodarska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1403","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic diet\u2013induced obesity and diabetes in mice","volume":"57","author":"PD Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G148","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00023.2007","article-title":"Microbial manipulation of the rat dam changes bacterial colonization and alters properties of the gut in her offspring","volume":"294","author":"F F\u00e5k","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.219683","article-title":"Antibiotic use and inflammatory bowel diseases in childhood","volume":"60","author":"A Hviid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.3892","article-title":"Epithelial Barriers in Intestinal Inflammation","volume":"15","author":"LJ John","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-012110-142150","article-title":"Tight junction pore and leak pathways: a dynamic duo","volume":"73","author":"L Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01520-08","article-title":"Reproducible community dynamics of the gastrointestinal microbiota following antibiotic perturbation","volume":"77","author":"DA Antonopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-660","article-title":"Dietary Xylo-oligosaccharide stimulates intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli but has limited effect on intestinal integrity in rats","volume":"7","author":"E Christensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5261","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00062-07","article-title":"Naive Bayesian classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new bacterial taxonomy","volume":"73","author":"Q Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6669","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006669","article-title":"Comparative analysis of pyrosequencing and a phylogenetic microarray for exploring microbial community structures in the human distal intestine","volume":"4","author":"MJ Claesson","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lipid hydrolysis products affect the composition of infant gut microbial communities in vitro","author":"RG Nejrup","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-744","article-title":"Effect of feeding fermented liquid feed and fermented grain on gastrointestinal ecology and growth performance in piglets","volume":"85","author":"N Canibe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800013837","article-title":"Microbial production of skatole in the hind gut of pigs given different diets and its relation to skatole deposition in backfat","volume":"61","author":"MT Jensen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000352","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000352","article-title":"Statistical methods for detecting differentially abundant features in clinical metagenomic samples","volume":"5","author":"JR White","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq461","article-title":"Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST","volume":"26","author":"RC Edgar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.f.303","article-title":"QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data","volume":"7","author":"JG Caporaso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1086\/647939","article-title":"Metronidazole is still the drug of choice for treatment of anaerobic infections","volume":"50","author":"S L\u00f6fmark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3344","article-title":"The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"P Louis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.11.003","article-title":"Gut Microbiota-Produced Succinate Promotes <italic>C<\/italic>. <italic>difficile<\/italic> Infection after Antibiotic Treatment or Motility Disturbance","volume":"16","author":"JA Ferreyra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12161","article-title":"Influence of the gut microbiota on blood acute-phase proteins","volume":"79","author":"W Schroedl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44929","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044929","article-title":"Antibiotics increase gut metabolism and antioxidant proteins and decrease acute phase response and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates","volume":"7","author":"P Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.012","article-title":"High-level colonisation of the human gut by <italic>Verrucomicrobia<\/italic> following broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment","volume":"41","author":"G Dubourg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7528","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7528-7530.2005","article-title":"Application of measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance of intestinal epithelial cell monolayers to evaluate probiotic activity","volume":"71","author":"TD Klingberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-316","article-title":"<italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/italic> MB452 enhances the function of the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of genes involved in tight junction formation","volume":"10","author":"RC Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327914nc5101_14","article-title":"Effects of fermentation products of pro- and prebiotics on trans-epithelial electrical resistance in an <italic>in vitro<\/italic> model of the colon","volume":"51","author":"DM Commane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11467.x","article-title":"The microbiology of butyrate formation in the human colon","volume":"217","author":"SE Pryde","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2259-4","article-title":"Butyrate enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function via up-regulation of tight junction protein Claudin-1 transcription","volume":"57","author":"H-BB Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.1999.01971.x","article-title":"Butyrate from bacterial fermentation of germinated barley foodstuff preserves intestinal barrier function in experimental colitis in the rat model","volume":"14","author":"O Kanauchi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2556","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq345","article-title":"Rifaximin modulates the colonic microbiota of patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: an <italic>in vitro<\/italic> approach using a continuous culture colonic model system","volume":"65","author":"S Maccaferri","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1025","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90227.2008","article-title":"Secreted bioactive factors from <italic>Bifidobacterium infantis<\/italic> enhance epithelial cell barrier function","volume":"295","author":"JB Ewaschuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2008.08.002","article-title":"Effect of four probiotic strains and <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> O157:H7 on tight junction integrity and cyclo-oxygenase expression","volume":"159","author":"H Putaala","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2011.11.020","article-title":"Exopolysaccharide-producing <italic>Bifidobacterium<\/italic> strains elicit different <italic>in vitro<\/italic> responses upon interaction with human cells","volume":"46","author":"P L\u00f3pez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.27224","article-title":"Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function","volume":"121","author":"K Madsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.01.013","article-title":"Bifidobacteria stabilize claudins at tight junctions and prevent intestinal barrier dysfunction in mouse necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"182","author":"KR Bergmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2009.132","article-title":"Metagenomic analyses reveal antibiotic-induced temporal and spatial changes in intestinal microbiota with associated alterations in immune cell homeostasis","volume":"3","author":"DA Hill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17996","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017996","article-title":"Depletion of murine intestinal microbiota: effects on gut mucosa and epithelial gene expression","volume":"6","author":"DH Reikvam","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144854","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]],"date-time":"2018-10-20T08:57:25Z","timestamp":1540025845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144854"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Loh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144854","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]]}}}