{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:41:51Z","timestamp":1758397311679},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]],"date-time":"2016-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]],"date-time":"2016-01-05T18:57:32Z","timestamp":1452020252000},"page":"e0144917","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tipranavir\/Ritonavir (500\/200 mg and 500\/100 mg) Was Virologically Non-Inferior to Lopinavir\/Ritonavir (400\/100 mg) at Week 48 in Treatment-Na\u00efve HIV-1-Infected Patients: A Randomized, Multinational, Multicenter Trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien V.","family":"Cordery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Zajdenverg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiat","family":"Ruxrungtham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keikawus","family":"Arast\u00e9h","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L. de Andrade","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Scherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L.","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"study team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1086\/508352","article-title":"Ritonavir-boosted tipranavir demonstrates superior efficacy to ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors in treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients: 24-week results of the RESIST-2 trial","volume":"43","author":"P Cahn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69154-X","article-title":"Durable efficacy of tipranavir-ritonavir in combination with an optimised background regimen of antiretroviral drugs for treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients at 48 weeks in the Randomized Evaluation of Strategic Intervention in multi-drug reSistant patients with Tipranavir (RESIST) studies: an analysis of combined data from two randomised open-label trials","volume":"368","author":"CB Hicks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912163412501","article-title":"Efavirenz plus zidovudine and lamivudine, efavirenz plus indinavir, and indinavir plus zidovudine and lamivudine in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults","volume":"341","author":"S Staszewski","year":"1999","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.8722","article-title":"Atiretroviral treatment of adult HIV infection 2014 \u2013Recommendations of the International Antiviral society\u2013USA Panel","volume":"312","author":"HF G\u00fcnthard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal Amer Medical Assoc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60084-2","article-title":"Once-daily dolutegravir versus darunavir plus ritonavir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 infection (FLAMINGO): 48 week results from the randomised open-label phase 3b study","volume":"383","author":"B Clotet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60918-0","article-title":"and GS-236-0103 Study Team. Co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus ritonavir-boosted atazanavir plus co-formulated emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial","volume":"379","author":"E DeJesus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61853-4","article-title":"and the SPRING-2 Study Group. Once-daily dolutegravir versus raltegravir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 infection: 48 week results from the randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority SPRING-2 study","volume":"381","author":"F Raffi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70249-3","article-title":"and the Study 145 Team. Efficacy and safety of once daily elvitegravir versus twice daily raltegravir in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 receiving a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor: randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority study","volume":"12","author":"JM Molina","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61221-0","article-title":"and the extended SAILING Study Team. Dolutegravir versus raltegravir in antiretroviral-experienced, integrase-inhibitor-naive adults with HIV: week 48 results from the randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority SAILING study","volume":"382","author":"P Cahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000169","article-title":"Week 48 results from a randomized clinical trial of rilpivirine\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate vs. efavirenz\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected adults","volume":"28","author":"C Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31823df4da","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 isolates obtained from patients on rilpivirine therapy experiencing virologic failure in the phase 3 ECHO and THRIVE studies: 48-week analysis","volume":"59","author":"L Rimsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833677ac","article-title":"Resistance profile of etravirine: combined analysis of baseline genotypic and phenotypic data from the randomized, controlled Phase III clinical studies","volume":"24","author":"J Vingerhoets","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01122-8","article-title":"Clinical progression and virological failure on highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 patients: a prospective cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study","volume":"353","author":"B Ledergerber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200202150-00008","article-title":"Usefulness of monitoring HIV drug resistance and adherence in individuals failing highly active antiretroviral therapy: a randomized study (ARGENTA)","volume":"16","author":"A Cingolani","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F113","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199714000-00001","article-title":"Virological treatment failure of protease inhibitor therapy in an unselected cohort of HIV-infected patients","volume":"11","author":"G Fatkenheuer","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16589-6","article-title":"Predictors of trend in CD4-positive T-cell count and mortality among HIV-1-infected individuals with virological failure to all three antiretroviral-drug classes","volume":"364","author":"B Ledergerber","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000219290.49152.6a","article-title":"Tracking the prevalence of transmitted antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV-1: a decade of experience","volume":"41","author":"A Shet","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.10.2637","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants isolated from patients treated with the protease inhibitor nelfinavir","volume":"42","author":"AK Patick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38665.534595.55","article-title":"Time trends in primary resistance to HIV drugs in the United Kingdom: multicentre observational study","volume":"331","author":"P Cane","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5998","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01217-12","article-title":"Prevalence and significance of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among patients on antiretroviral therapy with detectable low-level viremia","volume":"56","author":"JZ Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000203","article-title":"HIV drug resistance detected during low-level viraemia is associated with subsequent virologic failure","volume":"28","author":"LC Swenson","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70032-9","article-title":"Effect of transmitted drug resistance on virological and immunological response to initial combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV (EuroCoord-CHAIN joint project): a European multicohort study","volume":"11","author":"L Wittkop","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200009080-00009","article-title":"Tipranavir inhibits broadly protease inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 clinical samples","volume":"14","author":"BA Larder","year":"2000","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.12.1135","article-title":"HIV-1 drug resistance in newly infected individuals","volume":"282","author":"D Boden","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8270","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.12.8270-8276.1996","article-title":"Genetic correlates of in vivo viral resistance to indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor","volume":"70","author":"JH Condra","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1086\/315782","article-title":"Drug resistance and predicted virologic responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor therapy","volume":"182","author":"JH Condra","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7894","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.11.7894-7899.1996","article-title":"Nevirapine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus: kinetics of replication and estimated prevalence in untreated patients","volume":"70","author":"DV Havlir","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2005.07.003","article-title":"Selection and characterization of HIV-1 showing reduced susceptibility to the non-peptidic protease inhibitor tipranavir","volume":"68","author":"L Doyon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1310\/RRX7-49ME-27V7-MWWV","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic characterization of different dose combinations of coadministered tipranavir and ritonavir in healthy volunteers","volume":"55","author":"TR MacGregor","year":"2004","journal-title":"HIV Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200404010-00007","article-title":"A 14-day dose-response study of the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the nonpeptidic protease inhibitor tipranavir in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients","volume":"35","author":"S McCallister","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1086\/508353","article-title":"Efficacy of the protease inhibitors tipranavir plus ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients: 24-week analysis from the RESIST-1 trial","volume":"43","author":"J Gathe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.8.6.839","article-title":"Tipranavir: a new protease inhibitor for the treatment of antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients","volume":"8","author":"C de Mendoza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"62","article-title":"Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1: Spring 2008","volume":"16","author":"VA Johnson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Top HIV Med"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Cooper D. Efficacy and safety of two doses of tipranavir\/ritonavir versus lopinavir\/ritonavir-based therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients: results of BI 1182.33. Paper presented at: 8th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK, 2006."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1086\/422037","article-title":"Baseline HIV-1 RNA level and CD4 cell count predict time to loss of virologic response to nelfinavir, but not lopinavir\/ritonavir, in antiretroviral therapy-naive patients","volume":"190","author":"MS King","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Stanford HIVDB Team. Stanford University HIV Resistance Database. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/hivdb.stanford.edu\/index.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/hivdb.stanford.edu\/index.html<\/ext-link>. Accessed 08 November, 2012."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1086\/380509","article-title":"Incidence of resistance in a double-blind study comparing lopinavir\/ritonavir plus stavudine and lamivudine to nelfinavir plus stavudine and lamivudine","volume":"189","author":"DJ Kempf","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Aptivus Package Insert, Section 7. Drug Interactions: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/bidocs.boehringer-ingelheim.com\/BIWebAccess\/ViewServlet.ser?docBase=renetnt&folderPath=\/Prescribing+Information\/PIs\/Aptivus\/Aptivus.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/bidocs.boehringer-ingelheim.com\/BIWebAccess\/ViewServlet.ser?docBase=renetnt&amp;folderPath=\/Prescribing+Information\/PIs\/Aptivus\/Aptivus.pdf<\/ext-link> (revised February 2012)."},{"key":"ref39"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144917","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,13]],"date-time":"2020-09-13T15:49:25Z","timestamp":1600012165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144917"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alan","family":"Landay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0144917","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]}}}