{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:16:16Z","timestamp":1791566176634,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T19:20:40Z","timestamp":1456168840000},"page":"e0149883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Blood Group Antigens C, Lub and P1 May Have a Role in HIV Infection in Africans"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Modisa Sekhamo","family":"Motswaledi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishmael","family":"Kasvosve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oluwafemi Omoniyi","family":"Oguntibeju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199104000-00014","article-title":"Antibody to histo-blood group A antigen neutralizes HIV produced by lymphocytes from blood group A donors but not from blood group B or O donors","volume":"5","author":"M Arendrup","year":"1991","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Neil SJ, Magre S, McKnight A, Weiss RA. A-B-O blood groups and HIV-1 infection: NLM Gateway; A service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health; 2003. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/gateway.nlm.nih.gov\/MeetingAbstracts\/ma?f=102262439.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/gateway.nlm.nih.gov\/MeetingAbstracts\/ma?f=102262439.html<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","first-page":"41","article-title":"Carriage rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among different ABO and Rhesus blood groups in Adamawa state, Nigeria","volume":"19","author":"A Abdulazeez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomed Res"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"295","article-title":"Study of blood groups in HIV seropositive patients","volume":"62","author":"SK Sayal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4980","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-03-143396","article-title":"The human Pk histo-blood group antigen provides protection against HIV-1 infection","volume":"113","author":"N Lund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000183521.90878.79","article-title":"Lack of susceptibility of cells from patients with Fabry disease to productive infection with R5 human immunodeficiency virus","author":"N Lund","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"9095","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09185-X","article-title":"HIV-1-resistance phenotype conferred by combination of two separate inherited mutations of CCR5 gene","volume":"351","author":"C Quillent","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.657","article-title":"Chemokine receptors as HIV-1 coreceptors: roles in viral entry, tropism, and disease","volume":"17","author":"EA Berger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annual review of immunology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802905","article-title":"Long-term control of HIV by CCR5 delta32\/Delta32 stem-cell transplantation","volume":"360","author":"G H\u00fctter","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.54.101601.152346","article-title":"The Influence of HLA Genotype on AIDS*","volume":"54","author":"M Carrington","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annual review of medicine"},{"issue":"5408","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5408.1748","article-title":"HLA and HIV-1: heterozygote advantage and B* 35-Cw* 04 disadvantage","volume":"283","author":"M Carrington","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11275","article-title":"Role for HLA class II molecules in HIV-1 suppression and cellular immunity following antiretroviral treatment","volume":"107","author":"U Malhotra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/ng934","article-title":"Epistatic interaction between KIR3DS1 and HLA-B delays the progression to AIDS","volume":"31","author":"MP Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature genetics"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e32833ece31","article-title":"Blood groups and susceptibility to virus infection: new developments","volume":"17","author":"DR Branch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Hematology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-009-9237-x","article-title":"Norwalk virus-like particles bind specifically to A, H and difucosylated Lewis but not to B histo-blood group active glycosphingolipids","volume":"26","author":"J Nilsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Glycoconj J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4236","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.4236","article-title":"Complement mediates the binding of HIV to erythrocytes","volume":"173","author":"E Horakova","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(99)80021-3","article-title":"Binding of HIV-1 to RBCs involves the Duffy antigen receptors for chemokines (DARC)","volume":"52","author":"A Lachgar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.5.1795","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of the role of the Duffy blood group in erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium vivax","volume":"169","author":"JW Barnwell","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.9.3077","article-title":"From Malaria to chemokine receptor; the emerging physiologic role of the Duffy blood group antigen","volume":"89","author":"TJ Hadley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.04.013","article-title":"Duffy antigen polymorphisms do not alter progression of HIV in African Americans in the MACS cohort","volume":"5","author":"K Horne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.06.002","article-title":"Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines mediates trans-infection of HIV-1 from red blood cells to target cells and affects HIV-AIDS susceptibility","author":"W He","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir119","article-title":"Duffy-Null\u2013Associated Low Neutrophil Counts Influence HIV-1 Susceptibility in High-Risk South African Black Women","volume":"52","author":"V Ramsuran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-523","article-title":"Sequence similarity between the erythrocyte binding domain of the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein and the V3 loop of HIV-1 strain MN reveals a functional heparin binding motif involved in binding to the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines","volume":"8","author":"MJ Bolton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7941","article-title":"Human erythrocyte glycolipids promote HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion of CD4+ cells","volume":"242","author":"A Puri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404090-00002","article-title":"An inhibitor of glycosphingolipid metabolism blocks HIV-1 infection of primary T-cells","volume":"18","author":"A Puri","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5244","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.6.5244-5248.1999","article-title":"Human erythrocyte glycosphingolipids as alternative cofactors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry: evidence for CD4-induced interactions between HIV-1 gp120 and reconstituted membrane microdomains of glycosphingolipids (Gb3 and GM3)","volume":"73","author":"D Hammache","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"8","article-title":"Botswana Aids Impact Survey III Statistical Report","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Botswana ANC Second Generation HIV\/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Technical Report","author":"H Gomez","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1080\/17290376.2014.960948","article-title":"High-risk behaviors among adult men and women in Botswana: Implications for HIV\/AIDS prevention efforts","volume":"11","author":"M Keetile","year":"2014","journal-title":"SAHARA-J"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization. Ethics in laboratory medicine. ISO 15189: Annexure C9: 2007; Geneva."},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Hellberg \u00c5. Studies on the Genetic Basis of Pk, P and P1 Blood Group Antigen Expression [Doctoral Thesis]. 2007;Lund, Sweden."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.21307\/immunohematology-2019-120","article-title":"P1PK: the blood group system that changed its name and expanded","volume":"29","author":"A Hellberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunohematology"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Badjie K, Stubbs J. Molecular Analysis for Determining Blood Group Phenotypes2012 22 July 2015. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.mayomedicallaboratories.com\/articles\/communique\/2012\/03.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.mayomedicallaboratories.com\/articles\/communique\/2012\/03.html<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2174\/1874613601307010047","article-title":"The Higher Frequency of Blood Group B in a Brazilian Population with HIV Infection","volume":"7","author":"TGH Onsten","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Open AIDS Journa"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref35","first-page":"7","article-title":"Prevalence of Rh and ABO blood groups in HIV seroposititve pregnant women in Enugu, Nigeria","volume":"19","author":"RO Nneli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Niger J Physiol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000007","article-title":"Neutrophil counts in persons of African origin","volume":"21","author":"CF Thobakgale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.04.010","article-title":"Expression of Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) has no effect on HIV-1 acquisition or progression to AIDS in African Americans","volume":"5","author":"CA Winkler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000360","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000360","article-title":"Reduced neutrophil count in people of African descent is due to a regulatory variant in the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines gene","volume":"5","author":"D Reich","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5496","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.12.5496","article-title":"The Lutheran blood group glycoprotein, another member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is widely expressed in human tissues and is developmentally regulated in human liver","volume":"92","author":"SF Parsons","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16686","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.27.16686","article-title":"The Lutheran Blood Group Glycoproteins, the Erythroid Receptors for Laminin, Are Adhesion Molecules","volume":"273","author":"WE Nemer","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2006.00779.x","article-title":"The Lutheran glycoprotein: a multifunctional adhesion receptor","volume":"46","author":"C Eyler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.52.1.62","article-title":"Interactions between HIV-infected monocytes and the extracellular matrix: increased capacity of HIV-infected monocytes to adhere to and spread on extracellular matrix associated with changes in extent of virus replication and cytopathic effects in infected cells","volume":"52","author":"S Dhawan","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3536(05)80152-0","article-title":"Biochemical aspects of the blood group Rh (rhesus) antigens","volume":"6","author":"DJ Anstee","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bailliere's clinical haematology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149883","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T21:38:19Z","timestamp":1654378699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149883"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Blackard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149883","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]}}}