{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:53:16Z","timestamp":1791352396818,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T13:54:07Z","timestamp":1457618047000},"page":"e0151335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Activation of Myenteric Glia during Acute Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Corinna","family":"Rosenbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Alexander","family":"Schick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Wollborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Heider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus-J\u00fcrgen","family":"Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Cecil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Niesler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Hirrlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Walles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Metzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G231","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00276.2005","article-title":"Enteric glia inhibit intestinal epithelial cell proliferation partly through a TGF-beta1-dependent pathway","volume":"292","author":"M Neunlist","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89881","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089881","article-title":"An Enteroendocrine Cell\u2014Enteric Glia Connection Revealed by 3D Electron Microscopy","volume":"9","author":"DV Boh\u00f3rquez","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00305787","article-title":"Morphology of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-injected glial cells in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig","volume":"278","author":"M Hanani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2005.00687.x","article-title":"Glial cells in the gut","volume":"17","author":"A R\u00fchl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology & Motility"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22746","article-title":"Heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity of glial cells in the mammalian enteric nervous system","volume":"63","author":"W Boesmans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90135-4","article-title":"Ultrastructure of the nerve plexuses of the mammalian intestine. The enteric glial cells","volume":"6","author":"G Gabella","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-11-02206.1983","article-title":"Astrocyte-like glia in the peripheral nervous system: an immunohistochemical study of enteric glia","volume":"3","author":"KR Jessen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"issue":"5865","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/297409a0","article-title":"Evidence for the presence of S-100 protein in the glial component of the human enteric nervous system","volume":"297","author":"G Ferri","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1107","article-title":"Immune function of astrocytes","volume":"36","author":"Y Dong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90832-J","article-title":"Major histocompatibility class II expression on the small intestinal nervous system in Crohn&apos;s disease","volume":"103","author":"K Geboes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e372","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01748.x","article-title":"Proinflammatory stimuli activates human-derived enteroglial cells and induces autocrine nitric oxide production","volume":"23","author":"C Cirillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22036","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharides enhance the action of bradykinin in enteric neurons via secretion of interleukin-1b from enteric glial cells","volume":"87","author":"M Murakami","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1163","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.6.G1163","article-title":"Interleukin-6 expression and regulation in rat enteric glial cells","volume":"280","author":"A R\u00fchl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01346.x","article-title":"Increased mucosal nitric oxide production in ulcerative colitis is mediated in part by the enteroglial-derived S100B protein","volume":"21","author":"C Cirillo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology & Motility"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Possible new targets for medical intervention","author":"V Parpura","year":"2014"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58186","article-title":"Enteric glia are multipotent in culture but primarily form glia in the adult rodent gut","volume":"121","author":"NM Joseph","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13306","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.231474098","article-title":"Enterocolitis induced by autoimmune targeting of enteric glial cells: A possible mechanism in Crohn&apos;s disease","volume":"98","author":"A Cornet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-3","article-title":"Distribution of enteric glia and GDNF during gut inflammation","volume":"11","author":"G von Boyen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.012625","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines increase glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in enteric glia","volume":"53","author":"GBT von Boyen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e324","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12115","article-title":"3-D imaging, illustration, and quantitation of enteric glial network in transparent human colon mucosa","volume":"25","author":"YA Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.01.051","article-title":"Enteric Glia Regulate Intestinal Barrier Function and Inflammation Via Release of S-Nitrosoglutathione","volume":"132","author":"TC Savidge","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref22","first-page":"G976","article-title":"Enteric glia promote intestinal mucosal healing via activation of focal adhesion kinase and release of proEGF","volume":"300","author":"L van Landeghem","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Microbiota Controls the Homeostasis of Glial Cells in the Gut Lamina Propria","author":"PS Kabouridis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827e83af","article-title":"Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012","volume":"41","author":"RP Dellinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Critical care medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2013.08.004","article-title":"Redefining the gut as the motor of critical illness","volume":"20","author":"R Mittal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends in molecular medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.09.030","article-title":"Postoperative ileus involves interleukin-1 receptor signaling in enteric glia","volume":"146","author":"B Stoffels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.232116","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition as a therapeutic approach to treat capillary leakage in systemic inflammation","volume":"590","author":"MA Schick","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Physiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.149138","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition with rolipram attenuates hepatocellular injury in hyperinflammation in vivo and in vitro without influencing inflammation and HO-1 expression","volume":"6","author":"J Wollborn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of pharmacology & pharmacotherapeutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21769","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of glial cells in the human and guinea pig enteric nervous system with an anti-Sox8\/9\/10 antibody","volume":"509","author":"S Hoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of comparative neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797","article-title":"The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments","volume":"55","author":"SA Bustin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-13-134","article-title":"Primer-BLAST: a tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction","volume":"13","author":"J Ye","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2002-3-7-research0034","article-title":"Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes","volume":"3","author":"J Vandesompele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1136(20010101)33:1<72::AID-GLIA1007>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"GFAP promoter-controlled EGFP-expressing transgenic mice: a tool to visualize astrocytes and astrogliosis in living brain tissue","volume":"33","author":"C Nolte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01761.x","article-title":"Reduced oxygen stress promotes propagation of murine postnatal enteric neural progenitors in vitro","volume":"23","author":"C Hegewald","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology & Motility"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2013"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66873","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066873","article-title":"Genetic background affects human glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter activity","volume":"8","author":"X Bai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.211","article-title":"Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources","volume":"4","author":"DW Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","first-page":"25","article-title":"Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology","volume":"25","author":"M Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Gene Ontology Consortium. Nat. Genet"},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"ref39","first-page":"D1049","article-title":"Gene Ontology Consortium: going forward","volume":"43","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernhardt J, Funke S, Hecker M, Siebourg J Visualizing Gene Expression Data via Voronoi Treemaps. 2009 Sixth International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams (ISVD). pp. 233\u2013241.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISVD.2009.33"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Turner R (2015) deldir. Delaunay Triangulation and Dirichlet (Voronoi) Tessellation. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/deldir\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/deldir\/<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.1.207","article-title":"Gene Expression Omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository","volume":"30","author":"R Edgar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-75","article-title":"virtualArray: a R\/bioconductor package to merge raw data from different microarray platforms","volume":"14","author":"A Heider","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(06)11009-5","article-title":"TM4 microarray software suite","volume":"411","author":"AI Saeed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Methods in enzymology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-356","article-title":"phyloXML: XML for evolutionary biology and comparative genomics","volume":"10","author":"MV Han","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14863","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.14863","article-title":"Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns","volume":"95","author":"MB Eisen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1385","article-title":"Direct multiplexed measurement of gene expression with color-coded probe pairs","volume":"26","author":"GK Geiss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000152","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition dose dependently stabilizes microvascular barrier functions and microcirculation in a rodent model of polymicrobial sepsis","volume":"41","author":"S Flemming","year":"2014","journal-title":"Shock (Augusta, Ga.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1704-0","article-title":"The impact of crystalloid and colloid infusion on the kidney in rodent sepsis","volume":"36","author":"MA Schick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intensive care medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01296.x","article-title":"Central activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway reduces surgical inflammation in experimental post-operative ileus","volume":"163","author":"F The","year":"2011","journal-title":"British journal of pharmacology"},{"issue":"44","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5523","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i44.5523","article-title":"Interplay between inflammation, immune system and neuronal pathways: Effect on gastrointestinal motility","volume":"16","author":"BY de Winter","year":"2010","journal-title":"WJG"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81571-8","article-title":"Fulminant Jejuno-Ileitis following Ablation of Enteric Glia in Adult Transgenic Mice","volume":"93","author":"TG Bush","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i10.1261","article-title":"S100B protein in the gut: the evidence for enteroglial-sustained intestinal inflammation","volume":"17","author":"C Cirillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.06.009","article-title":"Enteric glial-derived S100B protein stimulates nitric oxide production in celiac disease","volume":"133","author":"G Esposito","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"Gulbransen BD (2014) Enteric glia. San Rafael, California (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA): Morgan &amp; Claypool. 1 online resource (1 p."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3412","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58200","article-title":"Glial cells in the mouse enteric nervous system can undergo neurogenesis in response to injury","volume":"121","author":"C Laranjeira","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Nestin-expressing cells in the gut give rise to enteric neurons and glial cells","author":"J Belkind-Gerson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology & Motility: no"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws321","article-title":"Chronic exposure of astrocytes to interferon-a reveals molecular changes related to Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome","volume":"136","author":"E Cuadrado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain: a journal of neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.11.070","article-title":"Induction of IP-10 (CXCL10) in astrocytes following Japanese encephalitis","volume":"414","author":"S Bhowmick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5273-08.2009","article-title":"Lipocalin-2 is an autocrine mediator of reactive astrocytosis","volume":"29","author":"S Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00226-4","article-title":"A central role for astrocytes in the inflammatory response to b-amyloid; chemokines, cytokines and reactive oxygen species are produced","volume":"93","author":"M Johnstone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimmunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.038","article-title":"Expansion and Differentiation of Neural Progenitors Derived From the Human Adult Enteric Nervous System","volume":"137","author":"M Metzger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"Enteric glia express proteolipid protein 1 and are a transcriptionally unique population of glia in the mammalian nervous system","author":"M Rao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151335","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T07:56:50Z","timestamp":1567670210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151335"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yvette","family":"Tache","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151335","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]}}}