{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:32:05Z","timestamp":1762079525008},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T18:11:29Z","timestamp":1458756689000},"page":"e0152149","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Adenoviral Vector Based Vaccine for Rhodococcus equi"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carla","family":"Giles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olasumbo","family":"Ndi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary D.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiru","family":"Vanniasinkam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-012-9850-8","article-title":"<italic>Prescottia equi<\/italic> gen. nov., comb. nov.: a new home for an old pathogen","volume":"103","author":"A Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-013-9924-2","article-title":"Proposal to replace the illegitimate genus name <italic>Prescottia<\/italic> Jones et al. 2013 with the genus name <italic>Prescottella<\/italic> gen. nov. and to replace the illegitimate combination <italic>Prescottia equi<\/italic> Jones et al. 2013 with <italic>Prescottella equi<\/italic> comb. nov","volume":"103","author":"AL Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.5.1367-1369.2000","article-title":"MICs of oxazolidinones for <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> strains isolated from humans and animals","volume":"44","author":"TL Bowersock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00804.x","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>: Clinical manifestations, virulence, and immunity","volume":"25","author":"S Gigu\u00e8re","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of veterinary internal medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.1.20","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>: an animal and human pathogen","volume":"4","author":"JF Prescott","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.34.4.1034-1037.1996","article-title":"Identification of intermediately virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> isolates from pigs","volume":"34","author":"S Takai","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70068-2","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> infection","volume":"10","author":"AV Yamshchikov","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Lancet infectious diseases"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.29.12.2887-2889.1991","article-title":"Prevalence of virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> in isolates from soil and feces of horses from horse-breeding farms with and without endemic infections","volume":"29","author":"S Takai","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.08.014","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> pneumonia in the foal\u2014Part 1: Pathogenesis and epidemiology","volume":"192","author":"G Muscatello","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Veterinary Journal"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5797","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00468-08","article-title":"Evolution of the <italic>Rhodococcus equi vap<\/italic> pathogenicity island seen through comparison of host-associated <italic>vapA<\/italic> and <italic>vapB<\/italic> virulence plasmids","volume":"190","author":"M Letek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(03)00099-3","article-title":"Analysis of virulence plasmid gene expression of intra-macrophage and in vitro grown Rhodococcus equi ATCC 33701","volume":"94","author":"J Ren","year":"2003","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5576","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.17.5576-5584.2004","article-title":"The LysR-type transcriptional regulator VirR is required for expression of the virulence gene <italic>vapA<\/italic> of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> ATCC 33701","volume":"186","author":"DA Russell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00835.x","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of infections caused by <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> in foals","volume":"25","author":"S Gigu\u00e8re","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of veterinary internal medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1902.121210","article-title":"Macrolide and rifampin-resistant <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> on a horse breeding farm, Kentucky, USA","volume":"19","author":"AJ Burton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02925-13","article-title":"Appearance of multidrug resistant virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> clinical isolates obtained in China","volume":"52","author":"H Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12310","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> (<italic>Prescottella equi<\/italic>) vaccines, the future of vaccine development","volume":"47","author":"C Giles","year":"2015","journal-title":"Equine Veterinary Journal"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2009.12.004","article-title":"Current understanding of the equine immune response to <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>. An immunological review of <italic>R<\/italic>. <italic>equi<\/italic> pneumonia","volume":"135","author":"T Dawson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.01.032","article-title":"Comparison of antibody and cell-mediated immune responses of foals and adult horses after vaccination with live <italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/italic> BCG","volume":"32","author":"TL Sturgill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2010.12.012","article-title":"Effects of inactivated parapoxvirus ovis on the cumulative incidence of pneumonia and cytokine secretion in foals on a farm with endemic infections caused by <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"140","author":"TL Sturgill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.03.010","article-title":"Effects of age and macrophage lineage on intracellular survival and cytokine induction after infection with <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"160","author":"LJ Berghaus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2011.03.015","article-title":"Early development of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in neonatal foals following oral inoculation with <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"141","author":"SP Harris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref22","first-page":"280","article-title":"Experimental studies on the pathogenesis of <italic>Corynebacterium equi<\/italic> infection in foals","volume":"44","author":"J Prescott","year":"1980","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1995.tb00115.x","article-title":"Pathogenesis of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> infection in mice: roles of virulence plasmids and granulomagenic activity of bacteria","volume":"11","author":"S Takai","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1999.tb01258.x","article-title":"Live virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>, rather than killed or avirulent, elicits protective immunity to <italic>R<\/italic>. <italic>equi<\/italic> infection in mice","volume":"24","author":"S Takai","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref25","first-page":"444","article-title":"Protection of foals against experimental <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> pneumonia by oral immunization","volume":"51","author":"J Chirino-Trejo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2004.09.011","article-title":"Immune response to vaccines based upon the VapA protein of the horse pathogen, <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>, in a murine model","volume":"294","author":"T Vanniasinkam","year":"2005","journal-title":"International journal of medical microbiology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2004.12.006","article-title":"Assessment in mice of vapA-DNA vaccination against <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> infection","volume":"104","author":"HR Haghighi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.03.015","article-title":"Chimeric <italic>vapA\/groEL2<\/italic> DNA vaccines enhance clearance of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> in aerosol challenged C3H\/He mice","volume":"26","author":"T Phumoonna","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.05.007","article-title":"Immunization by intrabronchial administration to 1-week-old foals of an unmarked double gene disruption strain of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> strain 103+","volume":"125","author":"Y Pei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2011.10.011","article-title":"Development of a live, attenuated, potential vaccine strain of <italic>R<\/italic>. <italic>equi<\/italic> expressing <italic>vapA<\/italic> and the <italic>virR<\/italic> operon, and virulence assessment in the mouse","volume":"145","author":"AE Whitehead","year":"2012","journal-title":"Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8644","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008644","article-title":"Vaccination of mice with <italic>Salmonella<\/italic> expressing VapA: mucosal and systemic Th1 responses provide protection against <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> infection","volume":"5","author":"AF Oliveira","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.10.026","article-title":"Mucosal co-immunization of mice with recombinant <italic>lactococci<\/italic> secreting VapA antigen and leptin elicits a protective immune response against <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> infection","volume":"30","author":"S Cauchard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2240","article-title":"Viruses as vaccine vectors for infectious diseases and cancer","volume":"8","author":"SJ Draper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Micro"},{"issue":"29\u201330","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00344-4","article-title":"Vaccination of puppies born to immune dams with a canine adenovirus-based vaccine protects against a canine distemper virus challenge","volume":"20","author":"L Fischer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00347-3","article-title":"Vaccination with a single dose of a recombinant porcine adenovirus expressing the classical swine fever virus gp55 (E2) gene protects pigs against classical swine fever","volume":"18","author":"JM Hammond","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3677","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.5.3677-3683.1997","article-title":"The use of an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus recombinant expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein for early vaccination of mice against rabies virus","volume":"71","author":"Y Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0239","article-title":"A replication-defective human adenovirus recombinant serves as a highly efficacious vaccine carrier","volume":"219","author":"ZQ Xiang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.03.070","article-title":"A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-finding trial of the novel tuberculosis vaccine AERAS-402, an adenovirus-vectored fusion protein, in healthy, BCG-vaccinated infants","volume":"33","author":"M Tameris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.29.3.439-443.1991","article-title":"Identification of 15-to 17-kilodalton antigens associated with virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"29","author":"S Takai","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69848-0","article-title":"Phase separation of integral membrane proteins in Triton X-114 solution","volume":"256","author":"C Bordier","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","first-page":"51","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a lipid-modified virulence-associated protein of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> and its potential in protective immunity","volume":"59","author":"C Tan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8749(03)00010-8","article-title":"Florid pulmonary inflammatory responses in mice vaccinated with Antigen-85 pulsed dendritic cells and challenged by aerosol with <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/italic>","volume":"220","author":"M Gonz\u00e1lez-Juarrero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cellular immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.13.1.219-221.1981","article-title":"Comparison of three techniques for isolation of <italic>Rhodococcus<\/italic> (<italic>Corynebacterium<\/italic>) <italic>equi<\/italic> from contaminated sources","volume":"13","author":"MD Barton","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-100-2-231","article-title":"Ecology of <italic>Rhodococcus coprophilus<\/italic> and associated actinomycetes in fresh water and agricultural habitats","volume":"100","author":"T Rowbotham","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of general microbiology"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Laboratory histopathology: a complete reference","author":"AE Woods","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Molecular cloning","author":"J Sambrook","year":"1989"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.03.026","article-title":"Mouse lung infection model to assess <italic>Rhodococcus equi virulence<\/italic> and vaccine protection","volume":"172","author":"P Gonz\u00e1lez-Iglesias","year":"2014","journal-title":"Veterinary microbiology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(97)00090-4","article-title":"Assessment of the immunogenic potential of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> virulence associated protein (VapA) in mice","volume":"56","author":"JF Prescott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"issue":"25\u201326","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00329-3","article-title":"Analysis of anamnestic immune responses in adult horses and priming in neonates induced by a DNA vaccine expressing the <italic>vapA<\/italic> gene of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"21","author":"AM Lopez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.8.3037-3041.1995","article-title":"Cytokine modulation alters pulmonary clearance of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> and development of granulomatous pneumonia","volume":"63","author":"ST Kanaly","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.4.1126-1132.1996","article-title":"Transfer of a CD4+ Th1 cell line to nude mice effects clearance of <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic> from the lung","volume":"64","author":"ST Kanaly","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5041","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.10.5041-5047.1999","article-title":"Modulation of cytokine response of pneumonic foals by virulent <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"67","author":"S Giguere","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2083-2093.2005","article-title":"<italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in immune horses and development in asymptomatic foals","volume":"73","author":"KM Patton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.3.1914","article-title":"Innate immune responses to <italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/italic>","volume":"173","author":"PA Darrah","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"7258","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.424","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 responses: what are they?","volume":"321","author":"A Berger","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ: British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200910-1484OC","article-title":"The novel tuberculosis vaccine, AERAS-402, induces robust and polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in adults","volume":"181","author":"B Abel","year":"2010","journal-title":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"},{"issue":"45","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.09.001","article-title":"The novel tuberculosis vaccine, AERAS-402, is safe in healthy infants previously vaccinated with BCG, and induces dose-dependent CD4 and CD8T cell responses","volume":"32","author":"BMN Kagina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0152149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T02:24:14Z","timestamp":1655346254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0152149"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Butaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0152149","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]}}}