{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T17:21:02Z","timestamp":1771867262699,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]],"date-time":"2016-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"a grant in the special subject of health care from the General Logistics Department","award":["13BJZ38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13BJZ38"]}]},{"name":"a Military Medical Scientific and Technological Project for the \u201cTwelfth Five-year Plan\u201d","award":["AWS15J007, BWS12J042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AWS15J007, BWS12J042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]],"date-time":"2016-04-26T17:39:12Z","timestamp":1461692352000},"page":"e0153708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Protective Effects of Edaravone in Adult Rats with Surgery and Lipopolysaccharide Administration-Induced Cognitive Function Impairment"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Peiqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangbei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueyue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9106","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07382-0","article-title":"Long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly ISPOCD1 study. ISPOCD investigators. International Study of Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction","volume":"351","author":"JT Moller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.06.004","article-title":"Thinking through postoperative cognitive dysfunction: How to bridge the gap between clinical and pre-clinical perspectives","volume":"26","author":"IB Hovens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318195b569","article-title":"Long-term consequences of postoperative cognitive dysfunction","volume":"110","author":"J Steinmetz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02268.x","article-title":"New insights into the pathophysiology of postoperative cognitive dysfunction","volume":"54","author":"L Krenk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"45","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17737","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2049-13.2013","article-title":"Surgical incision-induced nociception causes cognitive impairment and reduction in synaptic NMDA receptor 2B in mice","volume":"33","author":"X Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.08.011","article-title":"Isoflurane induces hippocampal cell injury and cognitive impairments in adult rats","volume":"61","author":"D Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1406-35","article-title":"Effects of melatonin and theanine administration on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and brain tissue oxidative damage in ovariectomized rats","volume":"45","author":"S Choopankareh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000465","article-title":"Metabolomic Analyses of Brain Tissue in Sepsis Induced by Cecal Ligation Reveal Specific Redox Alterations-Protective Effects of the Oxygen Radical Scavenger Edaravone","volume":"44","author":"N Hara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2014.09.008","article-title":"Differential effects of quercetin on hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in mice fed with different diets related with oxidative stress","volume":"138","author":"SF Xia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2444-14.2015","article-title":"HDAC2 selectively regulates FOXO3a-mediated gene transcription during oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death","volume":"35","author":"S Peng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Edaravone injection ameliorates cognitive deficits in rat model of Alzheimer&apos;s disease","author":"R Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5225","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1422998112","article-title":"Edaravone alleviates Alzheimer&apos;s disease-type pathologies and cognitive deficits","volume":"112","author":"SS Jiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.029","article-title":"The neuroprotective properties of the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol correlate with its ability to reduce pathological glutamate release in a rodent model of stroke","volume":"77","author":"P Dohare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009162","article-title":"Prophylactic Edaravone Prevents Transient Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Implications for Perioperative Neuroprotection","volume":"46","author":"YY Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2005.01.008","article-title":"Effects of the free radical scavenger, edaravone, on the development of postoperative cognitive impairment in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy","volume":"64","author":"K Ogasawara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20258","article-title":"Structural investigation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"29","author":"JH Banoub","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mass Spectrom Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.04.063","article-title":"Systemic inflammation enhances surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice","volume":"498","author":"AR Fidalgo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2015.07.001","article-title":"Caffeine prevents d-galactose-induced cognitive deficits, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the adult rat brain","volume":"90","author":"F Ullah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-3776fje","article-title":"Exaggerated neuroinflammation and sickness behavior in aged mice following activation of the peripheral innate immune system","volume":"19","author":"JP Godbout","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.12.047","article-title":"Clostridium butyricum pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis","volume":"613","author":"J Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-15-0302","article-title":"Early pregnancy modulates survival and apoptosis pathways in the corpus luteum in sheep","volume":"151","author":"J Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12018","article-title":"Surgery upregulates high mobility group box-1 and disrupts the blood-brain barrier causing cognitive dysfunction in aged rats","volume":"18","author":"HJ He","year":"2012","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22664","article-title":"Resolving postoperative neuroinflammation and cognitive decline","volume":"70","author":"N Terrando","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1788","article-title":"Reversal of learning deficits in a Tsc2+\/- mouse model of tuberous sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"D Ehninger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a018812","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a018812","article-title":"Neurogenesis in the Adult Hippocampus","volume":"5","author":"G Kempermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(84)90007-4","article-title":"Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat","volume":"11","author":"R Morris","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.116","article-title":"Morris water maze: procedures for assessing spatial and related forms of learning and memory","volume":"1","author":"CV Vorhees","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(94)90243-7","article-title":"Regional changes in dopamine and serotonin activation with various intensity of physical and psychological stress in the rat brain","volume":"49","author":"T Inoue","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"5057","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1585183","article-title":"Modality-specific retrograde amnesia of fear","volume":"256","author":"JJ Kim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-015-0130-9","article-title":"Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after inhalational anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing major surgery: the influence of anesthetic technique, cerebral injury and systemic inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Y Qiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370612","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/370612","article-title":"Risk Factors Associated with Cognitive Decline after Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review","volume":"2015","author":"N Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.07.002","article-title":"Time course of hippocampal IL-1 beta and memory consolidation impairments in aging rats following peripheral infection","volume":"23","author":"RM Barrientos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.05.044","article-title":"Ganglioside GD1a suppresses LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages by reducing MAPKs and NF-kappaB signaling pathways through TLR4","volume":"28","author":"Y Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.06.027","article-title":"Hippocampal long-term depression mediates spatial reversal learning in the Morris water maze","volume":"64","author":"Z Dong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3109\/00207458909002151","article-title":"The use of the Morris Water Maze in the study of memory and learning","volume":"48","author":"R Brandeis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00067-4","article-title":"Applications of the Morris water maze in the study of learning and memory","volume":"36","author":"R D'Hooge","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","first-page":"215","article-title":"The neuroscience of spatial navigation: focus on behavior yields advances","volume":"7","author":"DP Cain","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000163412.07546.57","article-title":"Correlation of hippocampal morphological changes and morris water maze performance after cortical contusion injury in rats","volume":"57","author":"F Clausen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9697","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.21.9697","article-title":"Spatial learning with a minislab in the dorsal hippocampus","volume":"92","author":"MB Moser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7618","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0307512101","article-title":"Rational design and characterization of a Rac GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor","volume":"101","author":"Y Gao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610059104","article-title":"Enhancement of learning and memory after activation of cerebral Rho GTPases","volume":"104","author":"G Diana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1159\/000046049","article-title":"Biochemical, histological and behavioral consequences of nephrectomy in young and aged mice","volume":"89","author":"M Al Banchaabouchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0134307","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134307","article-title":"Protective Effect of RNase on Unilateral Nephrectomy-Induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Mice","volume":"10","author":"C Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2006.00120.x","article-title":"Cytokines and growth factors in wound drainage fluid from patients undergoing incisional hernia repair","volume":"14","author":"G Di Vita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31815d190b","article-title":"Patterns of cytokine release and evolution of remote organ dysfunction after bilateral femur fracture","volume":"30","author":"P Kobbe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref46","first-page":"50","article-title":"The oxidant-antioxidant system and cognitive functions in patients undergoing elective abdominal operations under various general anesthesia modes","author":"IN Pasechnik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesteziol Reanimatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200703000-00007","article-title":"Postoperative impairment of cognitive function in rats: a possible role for cytokine-mediated inflammation in the hippocampus","volume":"106","author":"Y Wan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70062-6","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Parkinson&apos;s disease: a target for neuroprotection?","volume":"8","author":"EC Hirsch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.07.004","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory mechanisms in Parkinson&apos;s disease: potential environmental triggers, pathways, and targets for early therapeutic intervention","volume":"208","author":"MG Tansey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2015.09.003","article-title":"Neuroprotection by JM-20 against oxygen-glucose deprivation in rat hippocampal slices: Involvement of the Akt\/GSK-3beta pathway","volume":"90","author":"J Ramirez-Sanchez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.12.020","article-title":"G-CSF attenuates neuroinflammation and stabilizes the blood-brain barrier via the PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3beta signaling pathway following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats","volume":"272","author":"L Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.08.017","article-title":"Increased apoptotic efficacy of lonidamine plus arsenic trioxide combination in human leukemia cells. Reactive oxygen species generation and defensive protein kinase (MEK\/ERK, Akt\/mTOR) modulation","volume":"82","author":"E Calvino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2014.12.005","article-title":"Shikonin inhibits oxidized LDL-induced monocyte adhesion by suppressing NFkappaB activation via up-regulation of PI3K\/Akt\/Nrf2-dependent antioxidation in EA.hy926 endothelial cells","volume":"93","author":"CS Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62679","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062679","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors reduce neuroinflammation and -degeneration in the cortex and hippocampus of a surgery stress rat model","volume":"8","author":"A Kalb","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-187","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor 3 plays an anti-inflammatory role in microglia by activating the PI3K\/Akt pathway","volume":"8","author":"L Tarassishin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-014-0140-4","article-title":"Lithium ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation via inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 expression by activating the PI3K\/Akt\/FoxO1 pathway","volume":"11","author":"H Dong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.2741\/s310","article-title":"The role of mTOR signaling in Alzheimer disease","volume":"4","author":"S Oddo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Schol Ed)"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2369","article-title":"Cannabinoid modulation of hippocampal long-term memory is mediated by mTOR signaling","volume":"12","author":"E Puighermanal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.11.003","article-title":"mTOR signaling: at the crossroads of plasticity, memory and disease","volume":"33","author":"CA Hoeffer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2013.02.025","article-title":"PI3-kinase\/Akt\/mTOR signaling: impaired on\/off switches in aging, cognitive decline and Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"48","author":"ON C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0153708","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T03:36:42Z","timestamp":1600486602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0153708"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zhongcong","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0153708","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]}}}