{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:25:36Z","timestamp":1790094336742,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/B\/00697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/B\/00697"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Community's Seventh Framework Programme","award":["SILVER EU Project no. 260644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SILVER EU Project no. 260644"]}]},{"name":"European Community's Seventh Framework Programme","award":["PREDEMICS project no. 278433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PREDEMICS project no. 278433"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["87652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["87652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T17:41:37Z","timestamp":1466790097000},"page":"e0158105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Structural Proteins Are the Primary Viral Determinants of Non-Viraemic Transmission between Ticks whereas Non-Structural Proteins Affect Cytotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Maxim A.","family":"Khasnatinov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Tuplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitri J.","family":"Gritsun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Slovak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kazimirova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Lickova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Havlikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Klempa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Labuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernest A.","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara S.","family":"Gritsun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(02)00206-1","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis","volume":"57","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.1.25-36.2003","article-title":"Characterization of a Siberian virus isolated from a patient with progressive chronic tick-borne encephalitis","volume":"77","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.13.26.18916-en","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis in Europe and beyond\u2014the epidemiological situation as of 2007","volume":"13","author":"J S\u00fcss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(00)55005-2","article-title":"Structures and mechanisms in flavivirus fusion","volume":"55","author":"FX Heinz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Virus Res"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.014183-0","article-title":"Isolation of a novel species of flavivirus and a new strain of Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) from a natural mosquito population in Uganda","volume":"90","author":"S Cook","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1101","article-title":"Fields Virology","author":"BD Lindenbach","year":"2007"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref7","first-page":"133","article-title":"The entry machinery of flaviviruses","author":"FX Heinz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Virol Suppl"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.10.007","article-title":"A highly structured, nuclease-resistant, noncoding RNA produced by flaviviruses is required for pathogenicity","volume":"4","author":"GP Pijlman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7034","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr237","article-title":"Replication enhancer elements within the open reading frame of tick-borne encephalitis virus and their evolution within the <italic>Flavivirus<\/italic> genus","volume":"39","author":"A Tuplin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.034330.112","article-title":"A noncoding RNA produced by arthropod-borne flaviviruses inhibits the cellular exoribonuclease XRN1 and alters host mRNA stability","volume":"18","author":"SL Moon","year":"2012","journal-title":"RNA"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","first-page":"257","article-title":"Viraemia in <italic>Clethrionomys glareolus<\/italic>\u2014a new ecological marker of tick-borne encephalitis virus","volume":"23","author":"SP Chunikhin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","first-page":"74","article-title":"Threshold of viraemia in <italic>Apodemus flavicollis<\/italic> for infection of <italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/italic> with tick-borne encephalitis virus","volume":"13","author":"A Radda","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8622","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis virus transmission between ticks cofeeding on specific immune natural rodent hosts","volume":"235","author":"M Labuda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0261","article-title":"Importance of localized skin infection in tick-borne encephalitis virus transmission","volume":"219","author":"M Labuda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1997.tb00309.x","article-title":"Transmission of louping ill virus between infected and uninfected ticks co-feeding on mountain hares","volume":"11","author":"LD Jones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.07.019","article-title":"Survival dynamics of tick-borne encephalitis virus in <italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/italic> ticks","volume":"5","author":"M Slov\u00e1k","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(93)90082-X","article-title":"Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope gene of the Vasilchenko strain of TBE virus; comparison with other flaviviruses","volume":"27","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-1-179","article-title":"Sequence analysis and genetic classification of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Europe and Asia","volume":"80","author":"M Ecker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01249683","article-title":"On the possible association of the DS marker of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains with species of tick vectors","volume":"45","author":"TI Dzhivanian","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Ges Virusforsch"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","first-page":"86","article-title":"Factors influencing manifestation of the DS marker of tick-borne encephalitis complex viruses] (article in Russian)","volume":"18","author":"TI Dzhivanian","year":"1973","journal-title":"Vopr Virusol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2097","article-title":"Characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus from Latvia: evidence for co-circulation of three distinct subtypes","volume":"65","author":"K Lundkvist","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-8-1867","article-title":"Phylogenetic relationships of flaviviruses correlate with their epidemiology, disease association and biogeography","volume":"82","author":"MW Gaunt","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1210.060320","article-title":"Siberian subtype tickborne encephalitis virus, Finland","volume":"12","author":"AE J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4inen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"211","article-title":"The Taiga Tick Ixodes persulcatus Schulze: Morphology, Systematics, Ecology, Medical importance","author":"N Filippova","year":"1985"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-12-3127","article-title":"Phylogenetic and virulence analysis of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Japan and far-Eastern Russia","volume":"80","author":"D Hayasaka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8663","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01013-12","article-title":"Revisiting the clinal concept of evolution and dispersal for the tick-borne flaviviruses by using phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses","volume":"86","author":"DM Heinze","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2007.12.004","article-title":"Unique signature amino acid substitution in Baltic tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strains within the Siberian TBEV subtype","author":"I Golovljova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.023879-0","article-title":"Distribution of Far-Eastern tick-borne encephalitis virus subtype strains in the former Soviet Union","volume":"91","author":"SY Kovalev","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7295","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007295","article-title":"Non-hemagglutinating flaviviruses: molecular mechanisms for the emergence of new strains via adaptation to European ticks","volume":"4","author":"MA Khasnatinov","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(94)00090-Y","article-title":"Analysis of flavivirus envelope proteins reveals variable domains that reflect their antigenicity and may determine their pathogenesis","volume":"35","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.12.013","article-title":"Microevolution of tick-borne encephalitis virus in course of host alternation","volume":"362","author":"Gmyl AP Romanova LIu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.3.2132-2140.1998","article-title":"Spontaneous and engineered deletions in the 3\u2019 noncoding region of tick-borne encephalitis virus: construction of highly attenuated mutants of a flavivirus","volume":"72","author":"CW Mandl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-6-1319","article-title":"Distribution and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Siberia and far-eastern Asia","volume":"82","author":"D Hayasaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-2-287","article-title":"Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope glycoprotein of Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus; comparison with other flaviviruses","volume":"74","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.2.934-942.2001","article-title":"Molecular basis for attenuation of neurovirulence of a yellow fever Virus\/Japanese encephalitis virus chimera vaccine (ChimeriVax-JE)","volume":"75","author":"J Arroyo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-7-1667","article-title":"The degree of attenuation of tick-borne encephalitis virus depends on the cumulative effects of point mutations","volume":"82","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82811-0","article-title":"Conservation of the pentanucleotide motif at the top of the yellow fever virus 17D 3\u2019 stem-loop structure is not required for replication","volume":"88","author":"PA Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","first-page":"50","article-title":"Virus exchange between feeding ticks in the absence of viremia in a vertebrate host (distant transmission)","author":"AN Alekseev","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Parazitol (Mosk)"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref39","first-page":"506","article-title":"Differences in the distant transmission of the tick-borne encephalitis virus by ixodid ticks of 2 subfamilies","volume":"26","author":"AN Alekseev","year":"1992","journal-title":"Parazitologiia"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(90)90099-D","article-title":"Acidotropic amines inhibit proteolytic processing of flavivirus prM protein","volume":"174","author":"VB Randolph","year":"1990","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8475","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.11.8475-8481.1997","article-title":"Proteolytic activation of tick-borne encephalitis virus by furin","volume":"71","author":"K Stadler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"ref42","first-page":"85","article-title":"Establishment of a laboratory colony of taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus for tick-borne pathogen transmission studies","volume":"55","author":"S Konnai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Jap J Vet Res"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8608","article-title":"A conserved internal hydrophobic domain mediates the stable membrane integration of the dengue virus capsid protein","volume":"233","author":"L Markoff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11201","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01025-09","article-title":"Extension of flavivirus protein C differentially affects early RNA synthesis and growth in mammalian and arthropod host cells","volume":"83","author":"S Schrauf","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.06.012","article-title":"NS2B\/3 proteolysis at the C-prM junction of the tick-borne encephalitis virus polyprotein is highly membrane dependent","volume":"168","author":"M Kurz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(93)90082-X","article-title":"Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope gene of the Vasilchenko strain of TBE virus; comparison with other flaviviruses","volume":"27","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(97)01451-2","article-title":"Complete sequence of two tick-borne flaviviruses isolated from Siberia and the UK: analysis and significance of the 5\u2019 and 3\u2019-UTRs","volume":"49","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"3","article-title":"Isolation of new strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus, Brno region, summer 1953","volume":"9","author":"L Posp\u00ed\u0161il","year":"1954","journal-title":"Lek Listy"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(98)00130-X","article-title":"Development and analysis of a tick-borne encephalitis virus infectious clone using a novel and rapid strategy","volume":"76","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.0072","article-title":"Infectious transcripts of tick-borne encephalitis virus, generated in days by RT-PCR","volume":"214","author":"TS Gritsun","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-66-7-1369","article-title":"Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies","author":"EA Gould","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(86)90314-3","article-title":"Determination of cell number in monolayer cultures","volume":"159","author":"RJ Gillies","year":"1986","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"ref53","author":"RE Walpole","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T04:29:10Z","timestamp":1656736150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158105"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Utpal","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158105","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]]}}}