{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T07:21:44Z","timestamp":1773300104635,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T17:47:40Z","timestamp":1468950460000},"page":"e0159132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["HMGB1\/RAGE Signaling and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Responses in Non-HIV Adults with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Grace","family":"Lui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun Kwok","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Ip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi Jun","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene M. H.","family":"Yung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine S. K.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judy S. Y.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ka Tak","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Winnie W. Y.","family":"Sin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kin Wing","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2015. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/global_report\/en\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/publications\/global_report\/en\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed 20th May, 2016."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62173-3","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"378","author":"SD Lawn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1079","article-title":"Hospitalizations for tuberculosis in the United States in 2000: predictors of in-hospital mortality","volume":"126","author":"NN Hansel","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"e92077","article-title":"High mortality in adults hospitalized for active tuberculosis in a low HIV prevalence setting","volume":"9","author":"G Lui","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"433","article-title":"The immunology of tuberculosis: from bench to bedside","volume":"15","author":"K Dheda","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"506","article-title":"Early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a new frontier in prevention","volume":"141","author":"AJ Verrall","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"347","article-title":"An overview on HMGB1 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents in HMGB1-related pathologies","volume":"141","author":"D Musumeci","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"331","article-title":"High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal","volume":"5","author":"MT Lotze","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"111","article-title":"High mobility group box 1 acts as an adjuvant for tuberculosis subunit vaccines","volume":"142","author":"A Grover","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"367","article-title":"HMGB1 and RAGE in inflammation and cancer","volume":"28","author":"GP Sims","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"189","article-title":"High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) as a master regulator of innate immunity","volume":"343","author":"A Castiglioni","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"136","article-title":"How is inflammation initiated? Individual influences of IL-1, IL-18 and HMGB1","volume":"69","author":"PA Keyel","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"2008","article-title":"NALP3 facilitates in vivo caspase-1 activation, necrosis, and HMGB1 release via inflammasome-dependent and -independent pathways","volume":"183","author":"SB Willingham","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"4385","article-title":"Inflammasome-dependent release of the alarmin HMGB1 in endotoxemia","volume":"185","author":"M Lamkanfi","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"487","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9-dependent activation by DNA-containing immune complexes is mediated by HMGB1 and RAGE","volume":"8","author":"J Tian","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1061","article-title":"Circulating high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) concentrations are elevated in both uncomplicated pneumonia and pneumonia with severe sepsis","volume":"35","author":"DC Angus","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"383","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of high-mobility group box protein 1, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products and circulating DNA in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"AK Kocsis","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"1390","article-title":"Mycobacterial infection induces the secretion of high-mobility group box 1 protein","volume":"10","author":"A Grover","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"53805","article-title":"High mobility group box 1 protein induction by Mycobacterium bovis BCG","volume":"2007","author":"P Hofner","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"49","article-title":"Evaluation of high-mobility group box 1 protein concentration in serum of patients with M. tuberculosis infection","volume":"42","author":"A Magry\u015b","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"440","article-title":"Interferon gamma release assay for differentiating tuberculosis among pneumonia cases in acute healthcare setting","volume":"62","author":"G Lui","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Tuberculosis and Chest Services, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong SAR. Tuberculosis Manual 2006. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.info.gov.hk\/tb_chest\/doc\/Tuberculosis_Manual2006.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.info.gov.hk\/tb_chest\/doc\/Tuberculosis_Manual2006.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 10 March 2011."},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"373","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"ME Charlson","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"843","article-title":"Vitamin D as supplementary treatment for tuberculosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"179","author":"C Wejse","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"e26050","article-title":"Cytokine Response Patterns in Severe Pandemic 2009 H1N1 and Seasonal Influenza among Hospitalized Adults","volume":"6","author":"N Lee","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"723","article-title":"Hypercytokinemia and Hyperactivation of phospho-p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Severe Human Influenza A Virus Infections","volume":"45","author":"N Lee","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"666","article-title":"Role of Human Toll-like Receptors in Naturally Occurring Influenza A Infections","volume":"7","author":"N Lee","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"237","article-title":"Viral clearance and inflammatory response patterns in adults hospitalized for pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus pneumonia","volume":"16","author":"N Lee","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"863","article-title":"A simple, solid, numerical score for grading chest x-ray severity in and out smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"65","author":"AP Ralph","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"4064","article-title":"Cavitary disease and quantitative sputum bacillary load in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"M Palaci","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"3343","article-title":"Innate immune gene polymorphisms in tuberculosis","volume":"80","author":"AK Azad","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"20","article-title":"How can immunology contribute to the control of tuberculosis?","volume":"1","author":"SH Kaufmann","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"349","article-title":"Association between interleukin-8 gene alleles and human susceptibility to tuberculosis disease","volume":"188","author":"X Ma","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"1907","article-title":"Analysis of immune responses against a wide range of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"19","author":"D Kassa","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"13","article-title":"Expression of M. tuberculosis-induced suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1, SOCS3, FoxP3 and secretion of IL-6 associates with differing clinical severity of tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"KI Masood","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"e26363","article-title":"A multifaceted analysis of immune-endocrine-metabolic alterations in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"N Santucci","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"e8459","article-title":"CCL2 responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis are associated with disease severity in tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Z Hasan","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"528","article-title":"Concentrations of CXCL8, CXCL9 and sTNFR1 in plasma of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis undergoing treatment","volume":"55","author":"AL Alessandri","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"605","article-title":"Host gene-encoded severe lung TB: from genes to the potential pathways","volume":"13","author":"M Ganachari","year":"2012"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref40","first-page":"e0144705","article-title":"Cytokine and Antibody Based Diagnostic Algorithms for Sputum Culture-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"T Chen","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","first-page":"e0145576","article-title":"Establishment of Elevated Serum Levels of IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-\u03b2 as Potential Peripheral Blood Biomarkers in Tubercular Lymphadenitis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study","volume":"11","author":"Abhimanyu","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"124762","article-title":"Binding of CXCL8\/IL-8 to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Modulates the Innate Immune Response","volume":"2015","author":"A Krupa","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"183","article-title":"Receptor for advanced glycation end products is protective during murine tuberculosis","volume":"52","author":"MA van Zoelen","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"59","article-title":"High mobility group box-1 protein induces the migration and activation of human dendritic cells and acts as an alarmin","volume":"81","author":"D Yang","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"484","article-title":"High mobility group box 1 in patients with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza-associated encephalopathy","volume":"36","author":"H Momonaka","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"4","article-title":"HMGB1 in severe soft tissue infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"4","author":"L Johansson","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"940","article-title":"Soluble forms of RAGE in human diseases: clinical and therapeutical implications","volume":"16","author":"F Santilli","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"721","article-title":"Soluble RAGE is deficient in neutrophilic asthma and COPD","volume":"39","author":"MB Sukkar","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"68","article-title":"Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products and progression of airway disease","volume":"14","author":"H Iwamoto","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"374","article-title":"Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is uncoupled from susceptibility to active tuberculosis","volume":"42","author":"A Dorhoi","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"27","article-title":"Activation of PPAR\u03b3 attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibition of HMGB1-RAGE levels","volume":"726","author":"G Wang","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"e0133200","article-title":"The Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein (HMGB1) in the Immunopathology of Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"R Hern\u00e1ndez-Pando","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T03:11:34Z","timestamp":1540350694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159132"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Martin E","family":"Rottenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159132","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]}}}