{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T14:38:19Z","timestamp":1774363099421,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]],"date-time":"2016-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012648","name":"Foundation for Professional Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]],"date-time":"2016-07-21T17:53:51Z","timestamp":1469123631000},"page":"e0159317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Adherence to Concurrent Tuberculosis Treatment and Antiretroviral Treatment among Co-Infected Persons in South Africa, 2008\u20132010"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ernesha","family":"Webb Mazinyo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sikhethiwe","family":"Masuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joey L.","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronel","family":"Odendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margot","family":"Uys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Jean","family":"Podewils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martie L.","family":"Van der Walt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"The South African National Tuberculosis Management Guidelines, 2009","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"South Africa Tuberculosis Profile","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"National Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines, 2004","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Clinical Guidelines for the Management of HIV in Adults and Adolescents, 2010","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection in Adults and Adolescents: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1014181","article-title":"Integration of Antiretroviral Therapy with Tuberculosis Treatment","volume":"365","author":"S Abdool Karim","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0184","article-title":"The influence of integrated tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus service delivery on patient outcomes","volume":"18","author":"J Uyei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1086\/518665","article-title":"HIV infection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: the perfect storm","volume":"196","author":"CD Wells","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200306130-00011","article-title":"Adherence is not a barrier to successful antiretroviral therapy in South Africa","volume":"17","author":"C Orrell","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-111","article-title":"Antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"10","author":"K Peltzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-56","article-title":"Patient- and provider-level risk factors associated with default from tuberculosis treatment, South Africa, 2002: a case-control study","volume":"12","author":"A Finlay","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1590\/S0080-62342010000200020","article-title":"Abandonment of tuberculosis treatment among patients co-infected with TB\/HIV","volume":"44","author":"ILA Rodrigues","year":"2010","journal-title":"Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-651","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of adherence to TB treatment in patients on concomitant TB and HIV treatment: a qualitative study","volume":"10","author":"MK Gebremariam","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Nachega JB, Morroni C, Ram M, Efron A, Chaisson RE, Marteens G. Impact of concurrent TB treatment on ART adherence and liver toxicity in HIV-infected adults. [P-177]. Presented at: 6th International AIDS Society Conference; 2010; Rome, Italy."},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"S8","article-title":"Non-adherence to anti-TB drugs among TB\/HIV co-infected patients in Mbarara Hospital Uganda: Prevalence and associated factors","volume":"9","author":"MG Amuha","year":"2009","journal-title":"African Health Sciences"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"151","article-title":"Treatment outcomes among human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis co-infected pregnant women in resource poor settings of Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"3","author":"WO Adebimpe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31818ce6c4","article-title":"Successful integration of tuberculosis and HIV treatment in rural South Africa: the Sizonq\u2019oba study","volume":"50","author":"NR Gandhi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-396","article-title":"Predictors of tuberculosis (TB) and antiretroviral (ARV) medication non-adherence in public primary care patients in South Africa: a cross sectional study","volume":"13","author":"P Naidoo","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2014.934266","article-title":"Preferential adherence to antiretroviral therapy over tuberculosis (TB) treatment: a qualitative study of drug-resistant TB\/HIV co-infected patients in South Africa","volume":"9","author":"A Daftary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"World Tuberculosis Report 2008","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"","author":"C Day","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"A Turning Tide Among Teenagers?","author":"O Shisana","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"460","article-title":"Success of an integrated tuberculosis and HIV\/AIDS project in 2009 in Uthukela District, KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"101","author":"S Mahomed","year":"2011","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0530","article-title":"Completeness and concordance of TB and HIV surveillance systems for TB-HIV co-infected patients in South Africa","volume":"17","author":"SC Auld","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Commissioner\u2019s Orders for Adherence to Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1086\/378301","article-title":"Association between adherence and antiretroviral therapy and human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance","volume":"37","author":"AK Sethi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh162","article-title":"Paradoxes of adherence and drug resistance to HIV antiretroviral therapy","volume":"53","author":"DR Bangsberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"The South African National Tuberculosis Management Guidelines, 2009","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95603","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095603","article-title":"National profile and treatment outcomes of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in B\u00e9nin","volume":"9","author":"S Ade","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.11.013","article-title":"HIV-associated extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Thailand: epidemiology and risk factors for death","volume":"13","author":"N Kingkaew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.12.20432-en","article-title":"Challenges in diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the European Union, 2011","volume":"18","author":"I Solovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097353","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral drug therapy and retention in care among adult HIV-positive patients: a qualitative study from Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"WM Bezabhe","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2012.672719","article-title":"Social constraints to TB\/HIV healthcare: accounts from co-infected patients in South Africa","volume":"24","author":"A Daftary","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318158a474","article-title":"Effects of a behavioral intervention on antiretroviral medication adherence among people living with HIV: The Healthy Living Project randomized controlled study","volume":"46","author":"MO Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.02.037","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s all the time in my mind\u201d: Facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in a Tanzanian setting","volume":"68","author":"MH Watt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-11-275","article-title":"Provider experiences of the implementation of a new tuberculosis treatment programme: A qualitative study using the normalisation process model","volume":"11","author":"S Atkins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318251aeb4","article-title":"Clinical Science Integration of HIV and TB Services Results in Improved TB Treatment Outcomes and Earlier Prioritized ART Initiation in a Large Urban HIV Clinic in Uganda","volume":"60","author":"SM Hermans","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0714","article-title":"Integrating patients\u2019 perspectives into integrated tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus health care","volume":"17","author":"A Daftary","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2117-3","article-title":"Completeness and Reliability of the Republic of South Africa National Tuberculosis (TB) Surveillance System","volume":"15","author":"LJ Podewils","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050100","article-title":"Adherence to medication","volume":"353","author":"L Osterberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"248","article-title":"Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in adults with tuberculosis: current status","volume":"9","author":"A Kwara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref42","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"National Strategic Plan on HIV, STIs and TB 2012\u20132016","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159317","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T16:17:04Z","timestamp":1656865024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159317"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"David W.","family":"Dowdy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159317","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]}}}