{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:18:13Z","timestamp":1790255893386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]],"date-time":"2016-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]],"date-time":"2016-08-18T13:42:17Z","timestamp":1471527737000},"page":"e0160378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Mass Gatherings and Respiratory Disease Outbreaks in the United States \u2013 Should We Be Worried? Results from a Systematic Literature Review and Analysis of the National Outbreak Reporting System"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jeanette J.","family":"Rainey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffani","family":"Phelps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianrong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Global perspectives for prevention of infectious diseases associated with mass gatherings","volume":"12","author":"I Abubakar","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Modeling rapidly disseminating infectious disease during mass gatherings","volume":"10","author":"G Chowell","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"150","article-title":"Crowd and environmental management during mass gatherings","volume":"12","author":"A Johansson","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"526","article-title":"Pandemic influenza: mass gatherings and mass infection","volume":"8","author":"H Rashid","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"30","article-title":"Could influenza transmission be reduced by restricting mass gatherings? Towards an evidence-based policy framework","volume":"1","author":"DA Ishola","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"e13256","article-title":"Inside the outbreak of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1)v virus in Mexico","volume":"5","author":"HM Zepeda-Lopez","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"United States Department of Health and Human Services. The Great Pandemic. Available from URL: http:\/\/www.flu.gov\/pandemic\/history\/1918\/your_state\/northeast\/Pennsylvania\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed on September 22, 2015."},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"483","article-title":"Asian influenza in the United States","volume":"49","author":"AD Langmuir","year":"1958"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"e1000436","article-title":"Characterizing the epidemiology of the 2009 influenza A\/H1N1 pandemic in Mexico","volume":"8","author":"G Chowell","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"222","article-title":"Infectious disease surveillance and modelling across geographic frontiers and scientific specialties","volume":"12","author":"K Khan","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"778","article-title":"The impact of mass gatherings and holiday traveling on the course of an influenza pandemic: a computational model","volume":"10","author":"P Shi","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Interim CDC guidance for public gatherings in response to human infections with novel influenza A (H1N1), 2009. Available from URL: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/h1n1flu\/guidance\/public_gatherings.htm<\/ext-link>. Last accessed on March 26, 2015."},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Notification of Outbreak Reporting System. Available from URL: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nors\/about.html<\/ext-link>. Last accessed on October 1, 2015."},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"151","article-title":"Mass-gathering medical care: a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"AM Milsten","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"e1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"175","article-title":"Mumps outbreak at a summer camp\u2014New York, 2005","volume":"55","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"e862","article-title":"Effectiveness of previous mumps vaccination during a summer camp outbreak","volume":"120","author":"JK Schaffzin","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"167","article-title":"Multistate measles outbreak associated with an international youth sporting event\u2014Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Texas, August-September 2007","volume":"57","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"794","article-title":"Measles outbreak associated with an international youth sporting event in the United States, 2007","volume":"29","author":"TH Chen","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"196","article-title":"Simultaneous infection of pigs and people with triple-reassortant swine influenza virus H1N1 at a U.S. county fair","volume":"60","author":"ML Killian","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"2616","article-title":"Triple-Reassortant Swine Influenza A (H1) in Humans in the United States, 2005\u20132009","volume":"360","author":"V Shinde","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"969","article-title":"Oseltamivir-resistant 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in two summer campers receiving prophylaxis\u2014North Carolina, 2009","volume":"58","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"45","article-title":"Low secondary transmission of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in households following an outbreak at a summer camp: relationship to timing of exposure","volume":"139","author":"TJ Doyle","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"879","article-title":"Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 outbreak at camp for children with hematologic and oncologic conditions","volume":"17","author":"C Morrison","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"547","article-title":"Pandemic influenza A in residential summer camps\u2014Maine, 2009","volume":"31","author":"S Robinson","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"323","article-title":"Targeted antiviral prophylaxis with Oseltamivir in a summer camp setting","volume":"164","author":"DW Kimberlin","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"419","article-title":"An Infection Control Program for a 2009 influenza A H1N1 outbreak in a university-based summer camp","volume":"59","author":"EL Tsalik","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"286","article-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology<\/italic>","volume":"47","author":"EL Tsalik","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"180","article-title":"The effect of age on transmission of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in a camp and associated households","volume":"22","author":"JD Sugimoto","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1270","article-title":"Mumps Outbreak\u2014New York, New Jersey, Quebec, 2009","volume":"58","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"125","article-title":"Update: mumps outbreak\u2014New York and New Jersey, June 2009-January 2010","volume":"59","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Swine influenza virus A (H3N2) infection in human, Kansas, USA, 2009","volume":"7","author":"CH Cox","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1213","article-title":"Swine-Origin Influenza A (H3N2) Virus Infection in Two Children\u2014Indiana and Pennsylvania, July\u2013August 2011","volume":"60","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"1937","article-title":"Outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) variant virus infection among attendees of an agricultural fair, Pennsylvania, USA, 2011","volume":"18","author":"KK Wong","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"561","article-title":"Notes from the field: Outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) virus among persons and swine at a county fair\u2014Indiana, July 2009","volume":"61","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1703","article-title":"Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States","volume":"12","author":"MA Jhung","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"467","article-title":"Public Health in the Field and the Emergency Operations Center: Methods for Implementing Real-Time Onsite Syndromic Surveillance at Large Public Events","volume":"7","author":"K Pogreba-Brown","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"e39","article-title":"Effect of Weather on Medical Patient Volume at Kansas Speedway Mass Gatherings","volume":"39","author":"B Selig","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"183","article-title":"Mass-gathering medical care: retrospective analysis of patient presentations over five years at a multi-day mass gathering","volume":"25","author":"WD Grant","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"71","article-title":"Surveillance for early detection of disease outbreaks at an outdoor mass gathering\u2014Virginia, 2005","volume":"55","year":"2006"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref41","first-page":"S75","article-title":"Estimating the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in the United States (April 2009-April 2010)","volume":"52","author":"SS Shrestha","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"587","article-title":"Interpandemic influenza in the Houston area, 1974\u201376","volume":"298","author":"WP Glezen","year":"1978"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"684","article-title":"Risk factors of influenza transmission in households","volume":"54","author":"C Viboud","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"61","article-title":"Social contact networks for the spread of pandemic influenza in children and teenagers","volume":"8","author":"LM Glass","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"e0151139","article-title":"Social Contact Networks and Mixing Among Students in K-12 Schools in Pittsburgh, PA","volume":"11","author":"H Guclu","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"11235","article-title":"The M Segment of the 2009 new pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is critical for its high transmission efficiency in guinea pig model","volume":"85","author":"YY Chou","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref47","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Legionella (Legionnaires and Pontiac Fever)\u2013Causes and Transmission. Available from URL: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/legionella\/about\/causes-transmission.html<\/ext-link>. Last accessed on November 20, 2015."},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"849","article-title":"Outbreaks Associated with Environmental and Undetermined Water Exposures\u2014United States, 2011\u20132012","volume":"64","author":"KD Beer","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"343","article-title":"Evidence for excessive incidence of infectious diseases at mass gatherings with special reference to sporting events","volume":"63","author":"A Zieli\u0144ski","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"134","article-title":"New digital technologies for the surveillance of infectious diseases at mass gathering events","volume":"21","author":"EO Nsoesi","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref51","unstructured":"Libel M. The world\u2019s first application of participatory surveillance at a mass gathering: FIFA World Cup 2014. Available from URL: http:\/\/imed.isid.org\/symposia.shtml<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"2083","article-title":"London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games: public health surveillance and epidemiology","volume":"383","author":"B McCloskey","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"547","article-title":"Automated syndromic surveillance for the 2002 Winter Olympics","volume":"10","author":"PH Gesteland","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Super Bowl surveillance a practical exercise in multi-jurisdictional data sharing","volume":"4195","author":"C Sniegoski","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"32","article-title":"Prevention and surveillance of public health risks during extended mass gatherings in rural areas: the experience of the Tamworth Country Music Festival","volume":"127","author":"BG Polkinghorne","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Simulation of an SEIR infectious disease model on the dynamic contact network of conference attendees","volume":"9","author":"J Stehl\u00e9","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"166","article-title":"What\u2019s in a crowd? Analysis of face-to-face behavioral networks","volume":"271","author":"L Isella","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"1101","article-title":"Estimating contact rates at a mass gathering by using video analysis: A proof-of-concept project","volume":"14","author":"JJ Rainey","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T02:26:02Z","timestamp":1588991162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160378"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Shaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160378","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]]}}}