{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T06:42:49Z","timestamp":1784356969849,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Ministry of Health and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime","award":["BRAK57"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRAK57"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T18:10:20Z","timestamp":1470852620000},"page":"e0160916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Prevalence, Risk Behaviors, and Virological Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Group of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Brazil: Results from a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marina P.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia A. D.","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gabo M. C.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen L. R.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila A.","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos A.","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Spitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia M.","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa M. S.","family":"Mota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligia R. F. S.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina M. B.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Hepatitis B. Fact sheet n\u00b0204. WHO, 2015. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs204\/en\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs204\/en\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed 11 Jan 2016."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v6.i12.860","article-title":"Occult hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"6","author":"MS Kwak","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2422-x","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying HBsAg negativity in occult HBV infection","volume":"34","author":"RA Pond\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000360947","article-title":"Genotypes and genetic variability of hepatitis B virus","volume":"57","author":"A Kramvis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7152","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i23.7152","article-title":"Molecular identification of hepatitis B virus genotypes\/subgenotypes: revised classification hurdles and updated resolutions","volume":"20","author":"MR Pourkarim","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus subgenotype A1: evolutionary relationships between Brazilian, African and Asian isolates","volume":"9","author":"BV Lago","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-7-103","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes circulating in Brazil: molecular characterization of genotype F isolates","volume":"7","author":"FC Mello","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i8.1086","article-title":"Clinical relevance of hepatitis B virus variants","volume":"7","author":"S Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7653","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i24.7653","article-title":"Clinical implications of hepatitis B virus mutations: recent advances","volume":"20","author":"I Lazarevic","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Viral Hepatitis. Information for Gay and Bisexual Men. CDC, 2013. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis<\/ext-link>. Accessed 11 Jan 2016."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.04.030","article-title":"Unexpectedly high proportion of drug users and men having sex with men who develop chronic hepatitis B infection","volume":"57","author":"R van Houdt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Disparities and risks of sexually transmissible infections among men who have sex with men in China: a meta-analysis and data synthesis","volume":"9","author":"EP Chow","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2013.08.001","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men","volume":"32","author":"HJ de Vries","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0003","article-title":"Hepatitis B infection and association with other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Peru","volume":"83","author":"JR Lama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102676","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102676","article-title":"HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16\/18, and Treponema pallidum infections in a sample of Brazilian men who have sex with men","volume":"9","author":"CC Soares","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2011.06.022","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis virus infection in men who have sex with men aged 18\u201340 years in Taiwan","volume":"111","author":"YT Tseng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"47","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19421","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.14.47.19421-en","article-title":"Viral hepatitis among men who have sex with men, epidemiology and public health consequences","volume":"14","author":"AT Urbanus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines: Prevention and treatment of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men and transgender people. Recommendations for a public health approach. 2011."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1071\/SH10080","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections among female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Lebanon: prevalence, risk behaviour and immune status","volume":"8","author":"K Kassak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988312456068","article-title":"Correlates of hepatitis B virus and HIV knowledge among gay and bisexual homeless young adults in Hollywood","volume":"7","author":"A Nyamathi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.716","article-title":"Sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections among male transvestite comercial sex workers in Montevideo, Uruguay","volume":"68","author":"JC Russi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761997000100009","article-title":"The Rio de Janeiro HIV vaccine site-II. Recruitment strategies and socio-demographic data of a HIV negative homosexual and bisexual male cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"92","author":"F Sutmoller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S1201-9712(02)90158-X","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus incidence and risk behavior in the &apos;Projeto Rio&apos;: results of the first 5 years of the Rio de Janeiro open cohort of homosexual and bisexual men, 1994\u201398","volume":"6","author":"F Sutmoller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.2307\/3096941","article-title":"Respondent-Driven Sampling: A new approach to the study of hidden populations","volume":"44","author":"DD Heckathorn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9390-4","article-title":"An empirical comparison of respondent-driven sampling, time location sampling, and snowball sampling for behavioral surveillance in men who have sex with men, Fortaleza, Brazil","volume":"12","author":"C Kendall","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i98","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-006-9106-x","article-title":"Variance estimation, design effects, and sample size calculations for respondent-driven sampling","volume":"83","author":"MJ Salganik","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890440212","article-title":"Genetic diversity of hepatites B v\u00edrus strains isolated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"44","author":"C Niel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-008-0237-0","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of hepatits B virus in an isolated Afro-Brazilian community","volume":"153","author":"AR Motta-Castro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5437","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.9.5437-5444.1995","article-title":"A novel method for efficient amplification of whole hepatitis B virus genomes permits rapid functional analysis and reveals deletion mutants in immunosuppressed patients","volume":"69","author":"S G\u00fcnther","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"Brasil. Secretaria de Assuntos Estrat\u00e9gicos da Presid\u00eancia da Rep\u00fablica do Brasil. Assuntos estrat\u00e9gicos: Social e renda\u2014A Classe M\u00e9dia Brasileira. Bras\u00edlia, DF, 2014."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1016-z","article-title":"Sexual violence against men who have sex with men in Brazil: A Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey","volume":"19","author":"M Sabid\u00f3","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32835ad504","article-title":"HIV among MSM in a large middle-income country","volume":"27","author":"LR Kerr","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Published Respondent-Driven Sampling Surveys Collecting Behavioral and Biologic Data","author":"LG Johnston","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39834","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039834","article-title":"HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men recruited by RDS in Buenos Aires, Argentina: high HIV and HPV infection","volume":"7","author":"MA Pando","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051131","article-title":"Cross-sectional study of hepatitis B immunity in MSM between 2002 and 2012","volume":"90","author":"N Gamagedara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0670-2","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, immunity and susceptibility among men who have sex with men (MSM), Los Angeles County, USA","volume":"18","author":"MA Pitasi","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"10003","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61412-X","article-title":"Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013","volume":"386","author":"A Schweitzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.240","article-title":"Population-based multicentric survey of hepatitis B infection and risk factor differences among three regions in Brazil","volume":"81","author":"LM Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23637","article-title":"Hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection prevalence and associated risk factors in men who have sex with men, Bangkok, 2006\u20132008","volume":"85","author":"RW Linkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0176-2015","article-title":"Distribution of hepatitis B infection in Brazil: the epidemiological situation at the beginning of the 21 st century","volume":"49","author":"FJ Souto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0142515","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142515","article-title":"High prevalence and high incidence of coinfection with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis and low rate of effective vaccination against hepatitis B in HIV-positive men who have sex with men with known date of HIV seroconversion in Germany","volume":"10","author":"K Jansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2009.11.013","article-title":"Management of cute hepatitis B","volume":"4","author":"ML Shiffman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.07.002","article-title":"Role of hepatitis B virus genetic barrier in drug-resistance and immune-escape development","volume":"43","author":"V Svicher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1159\/000098960","article-title":"G1862T mutation among hepatitis B virus-infected individuals: association with viral genotypes and disease outcome in Kolkata, Eastern India","volume":"50","author":"PK Chandra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.10.024","article-title":"The effect of the G1888A mutation of subgenotype A1 of hepatitis B virus on the translation of the core protein","volume":"163","author":"GC Kimbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050703","article-title":"Respondent driven sampling\u2014where we are and where should we be going?","volume":"88","author":"RG White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160916","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T02:01:12Z","timestamp":1600999272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160916"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zhefeng","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0160916","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}}}