{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T18:41:52Z","timestamp":1789929712807,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]],"date-time":"2016-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIBERES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBERES"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI14\/00713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI14\/00713"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SAF-2014-54371-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAF-2014-54371-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007509","name":"SEPAR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SEPAr 2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEPAr 2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007509","name":"SEPAR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SEPAr 2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEPAr 2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"FUCAP","award":["FUCAP 2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FUCAP 2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]],"date-time":"2016-10-28T17:36:58Z","timestamp":1477676218000},"page":"e0164951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Time-Course of Muscle Mass Loss, Damage, and Proteolysis in Gastrocnemius following Unloading and Reloading: Implications in Chronic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Alba","family":"Chacon-Cabrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Lund-Palau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Gea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107031","article-title":"Midthigh muscle cross-sectional area is a better predictor of mortality than body mass index in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"166","author":"K Marquis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.062026","article-title":"Quadriceps strength predicts mortality in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"62","author":"EB Swallow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2015.04.027","article-title":"Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"51","author":"E Barreiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7","article-title":"Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus","volume":"12","author":"K Fearon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.07.026","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of cancer cachexia: new insights into an old problem","volume":"42","author":"M Muscaritoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201402-0373ST","article-title":"An Official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society Statement: Update on Limb Muscle Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"189","author":"F Maltais","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(96)10021-3","article-title":"The ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway in skeletal muscle: its role in pathological states","volume":"17","author":"JM Argiles","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24611","article-title":"Pharmacological strategies in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle proteolysis, autophagy, structure, and weakness","volume":"229","author":"A Chacon-Cabrera","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2015.09.020","article-title":"MicroRNA expression and protein acetylation pattern in respiratory and limb muscles of Parp-1(-\/-) and Parp-2(-\/-) mice with lung cancer cachexia","volume":"1850","author":"A Chacon-Cabrera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2012.11.009","article-title":"Mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum abnormalities in cancer cachexia: altered energetic efficiency?","volume":"1830","author":"CC Fontes-Oliveira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.006","article-title":"Oxidative stress, redox signaling pathways, and autophagy in cachectic muscles of male patients with advanced COPD and lung cancer","volume":"79","author":"E Puig-Vilanova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20140428","article-title":"Quadriceps muscle weakness and atrophy are associated with a differential epigenetic profile in advanced COPD","volume":"128","author":"E Puig-Vilanova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e111514","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111514","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in respiratory muscle dysfunction of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"9","author":"E Puig-Vilanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102296","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102296","article-title":"Do epigenetic events take place in the vastus lateralis of patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?","volume":"9","author":"E Puig-Vilanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00144106","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor expression is reduced in skeletal muscle in COPD","volume":"30","author":"AH Remels","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Therapeutic Approaches in Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Proteolysis, and Structural Alterations of Diaphragm and Gastrocnemius in Rats With Chronic Heart Failure","author":"E Barreiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2011.07.008","article-title":"Reduction of muscle mass mediated by myostatin in an experimental model of pulmonary emphysema","volume":"47","author":"C Fermoselle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.203232","article-title":"Redox homeostasis, oxidative stress and disuse muscle atrophy","volume":"589","author":"MA Pellegrino","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328352b4c2","article-title":"Oxidative stress and disuse muscle atrophy: cause or consequence?","volume":"15","author":"SK Powers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E137","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00227.2015","article-title":"Short-term muscle disuse lowers myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and induces anabolic resistance to protein ingestion","volume":"310","author":"BT Wall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.194217","article-title":"Skeletal muscle disuse atrophy is not attenuated by dietary protein supplementation in healthy older men","volume":"144","author":"ML Dirks","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.754","article-title":"De novo ceramides synthesis is not involved in skeletal muscle atrophy induced by short-term mechanical unloading","volume":"75","author":"E Salaun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2014.01.012","article-title":"Aging impairs the recovery in mechanical muscle function following 4 days of disuse","volume":"52","author":"LG Hvid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38910","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038910","article-title":"Delayed recovery of skeletal muscle mass following hindlimb immobilization in mTOR heterozygous mice","volume":"7","author":"SM Lang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.201707","article-title":"Lack of muscle recovery after immobilization in old rats does not result from a defect in normalization of the ubiquitin-proteasome and the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways","volume":"589","author":"H Magne","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2007.00548.x","article-title":"Alcohol accelerates loss of muscle and impairs recovery of muscle mass resulting from disuse atrophy","volume":"32","author":"R Vargas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2010.01027.x","article-title":"Reference values of respiratory and peripheral muscle function in rats","volume":"94","author":"E Barreiro","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2012.05.006","article-title":"Changes in serum fast and slow skeletal troponin I concentration following maximal eccentric contractions","volume":"16","author":"DW Chapman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2337-5","article-title":"Serum skeletal troponin I following inspiratory threshold loading in healthy young and middle-aged men","volume":"112","author":"GE Foster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.042671","article-title":"Fast and slow skeletal troponin I in serum from patients with various skeletal muscle disorders: a pilot study","volume":"51","author":"JA Simpson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp166","article-title":"Biomarkers of drug-induced skeletal muscle injury in the rat: troponin I and myoglobin","volume":"111","author":"JD Vassallo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2009.02.006","article-title":"Quantification of mitochondrial DNA copy number: pre-analytical factors","volume":"9","author":"AL Andreu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10490","article-title":"Endonuclease G is a novel determinant of cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial function","volume":"478","author":"C McDermott-Roe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00137211","article-title":"Does oxidative stress modulate limb muscle atrophy in severe COPD patients?","volume":"40","author":"C Fermoselle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00072008","article-title":"Oxidised proteins and superoxide anion production in the diaphragm of severe COPD patients","volume":"33","author":"J Marin-Corral","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38923-9","article-title":"Role of different proteolytic systems in the degradation of muscle proteins during denervation atrophy","volume":"265","author":"K Furuno","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68081-6","article-title":"Does leucine, leucyl-tRNA, or some metabolite of leucine regulate protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal and cardiac muscle?","volume":"257","author":"ME Tischler","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1260","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00035.2008","article-title":"Proteasome inhibition improves diaphragm function in congestive heart failure rats","volume":"294","author":"HW van Hees","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20061","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20061","article-title":"In vivo longitudinal study of rodent skeletal muscle atrophy using ultrasonography","volume":"6","author":"A Mele","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00346.2003","article-title":"Skeletal muscle unweighting: spaceflight and ground-based models","volume":"95","author":"GR Adams","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C932","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00014.2015","article-title":"Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function","volume":"308","author":"DM Callahan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07015-8","article-title":"Wasting as independent risk factor for mortality in chronic heart failure","volume":"349","author":"SD Anker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(02)00233-4","article-title":"The syndrome of cardiac cachexia","volume":"85","author":"SD Anker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201X.2004.01271.x","article-title":"Morphological changes in rat hindlimb muscle fibres during recovery from disuse atrophy","volume":"181","author":"Y Itai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C579","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.273.2.C579","article-title":"Apoptosis: a mechanism contributing to remodeling of skeletal muscle in response to hindlimb unweighting","volume":"273","author":"DL Allen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.10.005","article-title":"The ubiquitin ligase Mul1 induces mitophagy in skeletal muscle in response to muscle-wasting stimuli","volume":"16","author":"S Lokireddy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.11.001","article-title":"FoxO3 controls autophagy in skeletal muscle in vivo","volume":"6","author":"C Mammucari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199612193352507","article-title":"Mechanisms of muscle wasting. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway","volume":"335","author":"WE Mitch","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01354.2012","article-title":"Muscle immobilization and remobilization downregulates PGC-1alpha signaling and the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway","volume":"115","author":"C Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.032","article-title":"PGC-1alpha overexpression via local transfection attenuates mitophagy pathway in muscle disuse atrophy","volume":"93","author":"C Kang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94356","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094356","article-title":"Translational signalling, atrogenic and myogenic gene expression during unloading and reloading of skeletal muscle in myostatin-deficient mice","volume":"9","author":"HK Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0164951","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T19:14:27Z","timestamp":1657566867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0164951"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"William D","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0164951","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,28]]}}}