{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:05:22Z","timestamp":1774436722835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T17:12:40Z","timestamp":1483981960000},"page":"e0169195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Prevalence and Incidence of HCV Infection among Prisoners in Central Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6514-537X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco Antonio Moreira","family":"Puga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larissa Melo","family":"Bandeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauricio Antonio","family":"Pompilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Croda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grazielli Rocha de","family":"Rezende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Fernando Paiva","family":"Dorisbor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tayana Serpa Ortiz","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Alves","family":"Cesar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila Ara\u00fajo","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Simionatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisson Richard Teixeira","family":"Novais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Nepomuceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisie Souza","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara Vieira do","family":"Lago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Rita Coimbra","family":"Motta-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20249","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of Galectin-9 in human disease","volume":"33","author":"VR Wiersma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Medicinal Research Reviews"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Hepatitis C\u2014Fact Sheet n\u00b0 164. Geneva: WHO, 2012. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs164\/en\/index.html\u2260\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs164\/en\/index.html\u2260<\/ext-link>. Accessed May 15, 2013."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais. Audi\u00eancia P\u00fablica. Tr\u00eas milh\u00f5es de brasileiros est\u00e3o infectados pela hepatite C, mas n\u00e3o sabem que t\u00eam o v\u00edrus. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.aids.gov.br\/noticia\/2014\/tres-milhoes-de-brasileiros-estao-infectados-pela-hepatite-c-mas-nao-sabem-que-tem-o-vi\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.aids.gov.br\/noticia\/2014\/tres-milhoes-de-brasileiros-estao-infectados-pela-hepatite-c-mas-nao-sabem-que-tem-o-vi<\/ext-link>. Acessed Nov 05, 2015."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Brasil. DEPEN\u2013Departamento Penitenci\u00e1rio Nacional. Levantamento Nacional de Informa\u00e7\u00f5es Penitenci\u00e1rias INFOPEN\u2013Junho de 2014. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.justica.gov.br\/noticias\/mj-divulgara-novo-relatorio-do-infopen-nesta-terca-feira\/relatorio-depen-versao-web.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.justica.gov.br\/noticias\/mj-divulgara-novo-relatorio-do-infopen-nesta-terca-feira\/relatorio-depen-versao-web.pdf<\/ext-link>. Acessed jul 30, 2016."},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"World Prison Brief","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"45","article-title":"The carceral limb of the public body: jail inmates, prisoners, and infectious disease","volume":"3","author":"ML Comfort","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520500535576","article-title":"Screening for viral hepatitis among male non-drug-abuse prisoners","volume":"41","author":"KF Liao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Sinpol. Minist\u00e9rio da Justi\u00e7a. Secretaria Nacional de Justi\u00e7a. Departamento Penitenci\u00e1rio Nacional. Sindicato dos policiais civis de Mato Grosso do Sul, 2014. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.sinpolms.org.br\/canais\/noticias\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.sinpolms.org.br\/canais\/noticias\/<\/ext-link>. Acessed Feb 22, 2014."},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Country profile","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0764-8","article-title":"Active and latent tuberculosis in Brazilian correctional facilities: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"ASS Carbone","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0139487","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139487","article-title":"A Cross-Sectional Survey of HIV Testing and Prevalence in Twelve Brazilian Correctional Facilities","volume":"10","author":"RVE Sgarbi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"11","article-title":"Boletim epidemiol\u00f3gico\u2014Hepatites Virais. Ano II","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Torres MS. Prevalence of infection with hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Campo Grande-MS, unpublished data, 2004."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822009000400002","article-title":"Predictive markers for hepatitis C virus infection among brazilian inmates","volume":"42","author":"HC Coelho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502013000400013","article-title":"Hepatitis C in prisoners and non-prisoners in Colatina, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil","volume":"49","author":"TC Falquetto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992011000200013","article-title":"Prevalence and epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C among prisoners of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil","volume":"17","author":"MA Pompilio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i25.3027","article-title":"Prevalence, genotypes and factors associated with HCV infection among prisoners in Northeastern Brazil","volume":"17","author":"BFO Santos","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-13-536","article-title":"Patterns, determinants and barriers of health and social service utilization among young urban crack users in Brazil","volume":"13","author":"MS Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Health Services Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2006.10399856","article-title":"Changing patterns of cocaine use and HIV risk in the South of Brazil","volume":"38","author":"JA Inciardi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080601094249","article-title":"From the first drug to crack: the sequence of drugs taken in a group of users in the city of S\u00e3o Paulo","volume":"42","author":"Sanchez Z Van der Meer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-981","article-title":"Prevalence and epidemiological correlates and treatment outcome of HCV infection in na Italian prison setting","volume":"13","author":"M Brandolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1086\/430913","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection among prisoners in the California State Correctional System","volume":"41","author":"RK Fox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"96","article-title":"Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes among injecting drug users in Lebanon","volume":"13","author":"E Mahfoud","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2965","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of HIV, HBV, HCV, and HTLV-1\/2 in drug abuser inmates in central Javan prisons, Indonesia","volume":"7","author":"AA Prasetyo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Infection in developing countries"},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Brasil. Law No 11.343, of 23 August 2006. Establishing the System of National Public Policy on Drugs\u2014SISNAD, 2006."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834d173c","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of HCV infection in Poland","volume":"23","author":"R Flisiak","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02988-13","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus impairs natural killer cell-mediated augmentation of complement synthesis","volume":"88","author":"H Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060760","article-title":"Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections among inmates of Quebec provincial prisons","volume":"177","author":"C Poulin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2006.051599","article-title":"Correlates of HCV seropositivity in prison inmates: a meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"MF Vescio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70177-9","article-title":"Prevalence of tuberculosis, hepatitis C virus, and HIV in homeless people: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"U Beijer","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"43","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors and genotypes of hepatitis C virus infection among drug users, Central-Western Brazil","volume":"43","author":"CLR Lopes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01688.x","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among noninjecting drug users: Association with sharing the inhalation implements of crack","volume":"28","author":"J Mac\u00edas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver International"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1678-9199-19-7","article-title":"Decrease in hepatitis B prevalence among blood donors in Central-West Brazil","volume":"19","author":"ASC Lindenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1086\/317607","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention opportunities among young injection drug users in Chicago, 1997\u20131999","volume":"182","author":"LE Thorpe","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of infectious diseases"},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"CDC\u2014Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Hepatitis Suveillance, 2011."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.5812\/hepatmon.6144","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C among female prisoners in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"12","author":"Z Nokhodian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatitis monthly"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"26","article-title":"Evaluation of the prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV in inmates with drug-related convictions in Birjand, Iran in 2008","volume":"10","author":"Z Azarkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatitis Monthly"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1086\/521910","article-title":"Infection control in jails and prisons","volume":"45","author":"JA Bick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46859-0","article-title":"Correlates of hepatitis C virus infection among incarcerated Ghanaians: a national multicentre study","volume":"56","author":"AA Adjei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20375","article-title":"Correlates of HIV, HBV and HCV infections in a prison inmate population: results from a multicenter study Italy","volume":"76","author":"S Babudieri","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/695483","article-title":"HIV and hepatitis C virus testing and seropositivity rates in Canadian federal penitentiaries: A critical opportunity for care and prevention","volume":"15","author":"P De","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh061","article-title":"Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Scottish Prison Inmates: A Cohort Study","volume":"159","author":"JK Champion","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Luciani F, Bretana NA, Teutsch S, et al. A prospective study of hepatitis C incidence in Australian prisoners. Addiction."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089409047397","article-title":"A comparison of two methods for examining inmates\u2019 self-reported drug use","volume":"29","author":"K Mcelrath","year":"1994","journal-title":"The International journal of the addictions"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-400","article-title":"Limited access to HIV prevention in French prisons (ANRS PRIDE): implications for public health and drug policy","volume":"11","author":"L Michel","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/154510970400300201","article-title":"Health of prisoners, and the public health: no man is an island","volume":"3","author":"M Clark","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.11.012","article-title":"Risk factors and prevalence of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among prisoners in Pakistan","volume":"14","author":"AM Kazi","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169195","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T05:43:24Z","timestamp":1568699004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169195"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yury E.","family":"Khudyakov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169195","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]]}}}