{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:10:37Z","timestamp":1790892637153,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005075","name":"Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005075","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T15:27:20Z","timestamp":1484926040000},"page":"e0169525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"title":["Dexmedetomidine versus Midazolam in Procedural Sedation. A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Clemens R. M.","family":"Barends","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Absalom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baucke","family":"van Minnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjan","family":"Vissink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Miller&apos;s Anesthesia","author":"RD Miller","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001236","article-title":"Sedation with Dexmedetomidine or Propofol Impairs Hypoxic Control of Breathing in Healthy Male Volunteers: A Nonblinded, Randomized Crossover Study","volume":"125","author":"A Lodenius","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","article-title":"Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?","volume":"17","author":"AR Jadad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2010.09.006","article-title":"Hemodynamic characteristics of midazolam, propofol, and dexmedetomidine in healthy volunteers","volume":"23","author":"MA Frolich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318281592d","article-title":"Effect of sedation on pain perception","volume":"118","author":"MA Frolich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael080","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for monitored anaesthesia care during cataract surgery","volume":"96","author":"JA Alhashemi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"239","article-title":"Bispectral index-guided intraoperative sedation with dexmedetomidine and midazolam infusion in outpatient cataract surgery","volume":"75","author":"A Apan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05230.x","article-title":"A comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for sedation in third molar surgery","volume":"62","author":"CW Cheung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/350279","article-title":"The comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam used for sedation of patients during upper endoscopy: A prospective, randomized study","volume":"21","author":"Y Demiraran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.08.013","article-title":"Comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for conscious sedation in dental surgery monitored by bispectral index","volume":"51","author":"TW Fan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.2008.00803.x","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine for sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy","volume":"20","author":"K Hashiguchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-009-9231-6","article-title":"Intravenous dexmedetomidine, but not midazolam, prolongs bupivacaine spinal anesthesia","volume":"57","author":"FN Kaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001204000415","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine versus midazolam for conscious sedation in postoperative patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy: a randomized study","volume":"40","author":"W Liao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.09.019","article-title":"Comparison of dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation for cataract surgery under topical anesthesia","volume":"31","author":"S Muttu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.05.020","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine versus midazolam in outpatient third molar surgery","volume":"64","author":"Y Ustun","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.13.1177.38089","article-title":"Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines: literature review and treatment options","volume":"24","author":"CE Mancuso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Low-dose Dexmedetomidine Improves Sleep Quality Pattern in Elderly Patients after Noncardiac Surgery in the Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","author":"XH Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000361","article-title":"Effects of dexmedetomidine on sleep quality in critically ill patients: a pilot study","volume":"121","author":"C Alexopoulou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199812000-00021","article-title":"Population pharmacodynamics of midazolam administered by target controlled infusion in SICU patients after CABG surgery","volume":"89","author":"J Somma","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199812000-00020","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of midazolam administered by target controlled infusion for sedation following coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"89","author":"K Zomorodi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200008000-00016","article-title":"The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans","volume":"93","author":"TJ Ebert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-011-1002-y","article-title":"Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after intranasal administration","volume":"67","author":"T Iirola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2013.06.202","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine during electrochemotherapy for facial vascular malformation: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial","volume":"71","author":"X Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2013.02.003","article-title":"Intranasal atomized dexmedetomidine for sedation during third molar extraction","volume":"42","author":"N Nooh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine for prevention of delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","author":"X Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169525","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T09:14:57Z","timestamp":1540199697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169525"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Daqing","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0169525","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]}}}