{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:03:54Z","timestamp":1791281034866,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]],"date-time":"2017-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007602","name":"Programme Grants for Applied Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP-PG-0108-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0108-10048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]],"date-time":"2017-01-26T15:28:17Z","timestamp":1485444497000},"page":"e0170215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Feasibility Study of Quantifying Longitudinal Brain Changes in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Encephalitis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Stereology"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-7505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sylviane","family":"Defres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon S.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishma","family":"Vidyasagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura M.","family":"Parkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girvan","family":"Burnside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kopelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"On behalf of ENCEPH UK study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70222-X","article-title":"Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study","volume":"10","author":"J Granerod","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1086\/521262","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis in Sweden, 1990\u20132001: incidence, morbidity and mortality","volume":"45","author":"A Hjalmarsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1086\/648419","article-title":"Stahl JP; Steering Committee and Investigators Group. Infectious encephalitis in France in 2007: a national prospective study","volume":"49","author":"A Mailles","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812002518","article-title":"Stahl JP; Steering Committee and Investigators Group. Epidemiology of infectious encephalitis, differences between a prospective study and hospital discharge data","volume":"141","author":"S Bernard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198603203141205","article-title":"Infections with Herpes Simplex Viruses","volume":"314","author":"L Corey","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.2.179","article-title":"Early diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis by MRI","volume":"37","author":"G Schroth","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2006.04.002","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis: adolescents and adults","volume":"71","author":"RJ Whitley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antiviral research"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis226","article-title":"Long-term outcome of patients presenting with acute infectious encephalitis of various causes in France","volume":"54","author":"A Mailles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"254","article-title":"Outcome of and prognostic factors for herpes simplex encephalitis in adult patients: results of a multicentre study. Clinical Infectious Diseases: an official publication of the Infectious diseases","volume":"35","author":"F Raschilas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Society of America"},{"issue":"8405","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92623-0","article-title":"Acyclovir versus vidarabine in herpes simplex encephalitis. Randomised multicentre study in consecutive Swedish patients","volume":"2","author":"B Sk\u00f6ldenberg","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9563(98)90009-7","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis: a review","volume":"27","author":"RE Levitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"180","article-title":"The long-term neuropsychological outcomes of herpes simplex encephalitis in a series of unselected survivors","volume":"10","author":"TF Utley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1080\/09602010701202238","article-title":"Neuropsychological and psychiatric profiles in acute encephalitis in adults","volume":"17","author":"SM Pewter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychological rehabilitation"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"163","article-title":"Incidence and pathogenesis of clinical relapse after herpes simplex encephalitis in adults","volume":"253","author":"B Skoldenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"The journal of infectious diseases"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021334","article-title":"European Dexamethasone in Adulthood Bacterial Meningitis Study Investigators. Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"347","author":"J de Gans","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040573","article-title":"Dexamethasone for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis in adolescents and adults","volume":"351","author":"GE Thwaites","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.049676","article-title":"Evaluation of combination therapy using acyclovir and corticosteroid in adult patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis","volume":"76","author":"S Kamei","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.48.1445","article-title":"Predictors of a prolonged clinical course in adult patients with Herpes simplex Virus Encephalitis","volume":"48","author":"N Tairi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280390173373","article-title":"Experimental herpes simplex virus encephalitis: A combination therapy of acyclovir and glucocorticoids reduces long term magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities","volume":"9","author":"UK Meyding-Lamade","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(00)00185-5","article-title":"Accuracy and validity of stereology as a quantitative method for assessment of human temporal lobe volumes acquired by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"18","author":"CP Doherty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.01.026","article-title":"Confidence intervals for the volume of brain structures in Cavalieri sampling with local errors","volume":"179","author":"M Garcia-Finana","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.03.005","article-title":"Quantitative MRI of the prefrontal cortex and executive function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"SS Keller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Beh"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2007.00793.x","article-title":"Sulcal variability, stereological measurement and asymmetry of Broca&apos;s area on MR images","volume":"211","author":"SS Keller","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-012-9147-0","article-title":"Volume estimation of the thalamus using freesurfer and stereology: consistency between methods","volume":"10","author":"SS Keller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1155\/1998\/285061","article-title":"An exploratory study of the relationship between face recognition memory and the volume of medial temporal lobe structures in healthy young males","volume":"11","author":"CE Mackay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Neurol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(00)00220-4","article-title":"Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in consecutive patients evaluated for surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"CE Mackay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-67-803-1067","article-title":"Estimation of fetal volume by magnetic resonance imaging and stereology","volume":"67","author":"N Roberts","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000086","article-title":"Burden of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in the United States, 2014;1998\u20132010","volume":"82","author":"NM Vora","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-013-1475-9","article-title":"Herpes simplex encephalitis: clinical presentation, neurological sequelae and new prognostic factors. Ten years of experience","volume":"34","author":"J Riancho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.03.010","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus encephalitis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and outcome in 106 adult patients","volume":"60","author":"U Sili","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ051","article-title":"Use of clinical and neuroimaging characteristics to distinguish temporal lobe herpes simplex encephalitis from its mimics","volume":"60","author":"FC Chow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1080\/09602010601137039","article-title":"Neuropsychological sequelae of acute onset sporadic viral encephalitis","volume":"17","author":"L Hokkanen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.1.13","article-title":"Structural MRI volumetric analysis in patients with organic amnesia, 1: methods and comparative findings across diagnostic groups","volume":"71","author":"A Colchester","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.1.23","article-title":"Structural MRI volumetric analysis in patients with organic amnesia, 2: correlations with anterograde memory and executive tests in 40 patients","volume":"71","author":"MD Kopelman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.19.5.555","article-title":"Correlations of regional cerebral metabolism with memory performance and executive function in patients with Herpes encephalitis or frontal lobe lesions","volume":"19","author":"LJ Reed","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7818-0","article-title":"DWI and FLAIR imaging in herpes simplex encephalitis: a comparative and topographical analysis","volume":"262","author":"D Renard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7604-4","article-title":"Identifying neural correlates of memory and language disturbances in herpes simplex encephalitis: a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study","volume":"262","author":"S Frisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1086\/589747","article-title":"The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"47","author":"AR Tunkel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.11.014","article-title":"National Encephalitis Guidelines Development and Stakeholder Groups. Management of suspected viral encephalitis in adults\u2014Association of British Neurologists and British Infection Association National Guidelines","volume":"64","author":"T Solomon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Evidence-based neurology: Management of Neurological Disorders","author":"A Jacob","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170215","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T16:21:55Z","timestamp":1749918115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170215"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nancy M.","family":"Sawtell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170215","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]}}}