{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T21:01:37Z","timestamp":1793307697027,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]],"date-time":"2017-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]],"date-time":"2017-01-27T18:32:43Z","timestamp":1485541963000},"page":"e0170875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Identification of Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease Using Sulcal Morphology and Other Common Neuroimaging Indices"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kunpeng","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanlin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jicong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7266","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/461895a","article-title":"Neuroscience: Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"461","author":"L Mucke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750201700106","article-title":"Alzheimer&apos;s disease and other dementias: a review","volume":"17","author":"S Rogan","year":"2002","journal-title":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathmechdis.2.010506.092044","article-title":"The aging brain","volume":"3","author":"BA Yankner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol-Mech"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Prince M, Prina M, Guerchet M. Journey of Caring: an analysis of long-term care for Dementia. 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.11.042","article-title":"Regional coherence changes in the early stages of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: A combined structural and resting-state functional MRI study","volume":"35","author":"Y He","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.09.011","article-title":"Dimensionality reduced cortical features and their use in the classification of Alzheimer&apos;s disease and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"529","author":"H Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience letters"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20573","article-title":"Hippocampal volume and asymmetry in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer&apos;s disease: Meta-analyses of MRI studies","volume":"19","author":"F Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.05.015","article-title":"Using voxel-based morphometry to map the structural changes associated with rapid conversion in MCI: A longitudinal MRI study","volume":"27","author":"G Chetelat","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.06.016","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry to detect brain atrophy in progressive mild cognitive impairment","volume":"37","author":"A Hamalainen","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850701627181","article-title":"Regional white matter decreases in Alzheimer&apos;s disease using optimized voxel-based morphometry","volume":"49","author":"S Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn113","article-title":"The Cortical Signature of Alzheimer&apos;s Disease: Regionally Specific Cortical Thinning Relates to Symptom Severity in Very Mild to Mild AD Dementia and is Detectable in Asymptomatic Amyloid-Positive Individuals","volume":"19","author":"BC Dickerson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.03.032","article-title":"Variations in cortical thickness with dementia severity in Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"436","author":"K Im","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience letters"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.07.013","article-title":"Normal age-related brain morphometric changes: nonuniformity across cortical thickness, surface area and gray matter volume?","volume":"33","author":"H Lemaitre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.11.001","article-title":"2014 Update of the Alzheimer&apos;s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: A review of papers published since its inception","volume":"11","author":"MW Weiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31824b211b","article-title":"Accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease at National Institute on Aging Alzheimer Disease Centers, 2005\u20132010","volume":"71","author":"TG Beach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","article-title":"Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer&apos;s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"7","author":"RA Sperling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70223-4","article-title":"Revising the definition of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: a new lexicon","volume":"9","author":"B Dubois","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20198","article-title":"Age-related morphology trends of cortical sulci","volume":"26","author":"P Kochunov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.02.016","article-title":"The effects of age and sex on cortical sulci in the elderly","volume":"51","author":"T Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.015","article-title":"The relationship between cortical sulcal variability and cognitive performance in the elderly","volume":"56","author":"T Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.07.016","article-title":"Sulcal morphology changes and their relationship with cortical thickness and gyral white matter volume in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"43","author":"K Im","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","article-title":"Cortical Gyrification and Sulcal Spans in Early Stage Alzheimer&apos;s Disease","volume":"7","author":"T Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.06.042","article-title":"Adni. Dimensionality reduced cortical features and their use in predicting longitudinal changes in Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"550","author":"H Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience letters"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.12.028","article-title":"Penalized least squares regression methods and applications to neuroimaging","volume":"55","author":"F Bunea","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.04.019","article-title":"Sulcal morphology as a new imaging marker for the diagnosis of early onset Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"36","author":"L Hamelin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp091","article-title":"Longitudinal progression of Alzheimer&apos;s-like patterns of atrophy in normal older adults: the SPARE-AD index","volume":"132","author":"C Davatzikos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain: a journal of neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.069","article-title":"Multi-modal multi-task learning for joint prediction of multiple regression and classification variables in Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"59","author":"D Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.01.008","article-title":"Multimodal classification of Alzheimer&apos;s disease and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"55","author":"D Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.084","article-title":"Predicting the development of mild cognitive impairment: A new use of pattern recognition","volume":"60","author":"Y Cui","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160145","article-title":"Initi AsDN. Prediction of Alzheimer&apos;s Disease in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes: Stratification Based on Imaging Biomarkers","volume":"52","author":"K Ota","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal Of Alzheimers Disease"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25446","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025446","article-title":"Multi-method analysis of MRI images in early diagnostics of Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"6","author":"R Wolz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Marshal F. Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Yu L, Liu H, editors. Feature Selection for High-Dimensional Data: A Fast Correlation-Based Filter Solution. Machine Learning, Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference; 2003."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.9.1498","article-title":"Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS): cross-sectional MRI data in young, middle aged, nondemented, and demented older adults","volume":"19","author":"DS Marcus","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.3.397","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer disease","volume":"58","author":"JC Morris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Neurol-Chicago"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0582","article-title":"Voxel-based morphometry\u2014The methods","volume":"11","author":"J Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.019","article-title":"A framework to study the cortical folding patterns","volume":"23","author":"JF Mangin","year":"2004","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Mangin J, Tupin F, Frouin V, Bloch I, Rougetet R, Regis J, et al., editors. Deformable topological models for segmentation of 3D medical image. XIVth Int ConfXIVth Int Conf; 1995."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(02)00052-X","article-title":"Automatic recognition of cortical sulci of the human brain using a congregation of neural networks","volume":"6","author":"D Riviere","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","first-page":"127","article-title":"Cortical folding in patients with bipolar disorder or unipolar depression","volume":"34","author":"J Penttilae","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-011-9127-9","article-title":"A Library of Cortical Morphology Analysis Tools to Study Development, Aging and Genetics of Cerebral Cortex","volume":"10","author":"P Kochunov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20369","article-title":"Relationship among neuroimaging indices of cerebral health during normal aging","volume":"29","author":"P Kochunov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021","article-title":"An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest","volume":"31","author":"RS Desikan","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.01.026","article-title":"Medical application of information gain based artificial immune recognition system (AIRS): Diagnosis of thyroid disease","volume":"36","author":"H Kodaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark Hall, Eibe Frank, Geoffrey Holmes, Bernhard Pfahringer, Peter Reutemann, Witten IH. The WEKA Data Mining Software: An Update. SIGKDD Explorations. 2009.","DOI":"10.1145\/1656274.1656278"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"xxii","article-title":"Fundamentals of data mining in genomics and proteomics","author":"W Bubitzky","year":"2007"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.04.034","article-title":"Structural imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: predicting disease progression","volume":"36","author":"SF Eskildsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alexandre Savio, Maite Garc\u00eda-Sebasti\u00e1n, Carmen Hern\u00e1ndez, Manuel Gra\u00f1a, Villan\u00faa J. Classification Results of Artificial Neural Networks for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Detection. Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning\u2014IDEAL 2009. 2009;Proceedings 5788(641\u2013648).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04394-9_78"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.058","article-title":"Limited relationships between two-year changes in sulcal morphology and other common neuroimaging indices in the elderly","volume":"83","author":"T Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2004.03.004","article-title":"Regional dissociations within the hippocampus\u2014memory and anxiety","volume":"28","author":"DM Bannerman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav R"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00830-9","article-title":"The human hippocampus and spatial and episodic memory","volume":"35","author":"N Burgess","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref52","unstructured":"Cohen NJ, Eichenbaum H. Memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal system. Cohen Njchenbaum Hmemory Amnesia &amp; the Hippocampal System Xiiip. 2010."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163856.13524.08","article-title":"Reduced hippocampal metabolism in MCI and AD\u2014Automated FDG-PET image analysis","volume":"64","author":"L Mosconi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00084-8","article-title":"Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in mild cognitive impairment and early AD","volume":"25","author":"C Pennanen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-005-0025-5","article-title":"Cytoarchitectonic mapping of the human amygdala, hippocampal region and entorhinal cortex: intersubject variability and probability maps","volume":"210","author":"K Amunts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anat Embryol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00289-2","article-title":"Interaction between the amygdala and the medial temporal lobe memory system predicts better memory for emotional events","volume":"42","author":"F Dolcos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Amygdalar Atrophy in Symptomatic AD Based on Diffeomorphometry: The BIOCARD Cohort","volume":"36","author":"MI Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0120-4","article-title":"Comprehensive dissection of the medial temporal lobe in AD: measurement of hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal, perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices using MRI","volume":"253","author":"SJ Teipel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1996.tb05866.x","article-title":"Evolution of the neuropathology of Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"165","author":"H Braak","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta neurologica Scandinavica Supplementum"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/1.1.103","article-title":"The topographical and neuroanatomical distribution of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"1","author":"SE Arnold","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.1_Suppl_1.S30","article-title":"Development of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in the therapy of Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"51","author":"P Taylor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170875","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T17:33:50Z","timestamp":1589045630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170875"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Ginsberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170875","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]}}}