{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T17:05:06Z","timestamp":1765040706997,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]],"date-time":"2017-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1495065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]],"date-time":"2017-05-25T19:42:52Z","timestamp":1495741372000},"page":"e0178054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["DOT or SAT for Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis? A non-randomized comparison in a high HIV-prevalence setting"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5269-6503","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erika","family":"Mohr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Busisiwe","family":"Beko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Isaakidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah Jane","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odelia","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Snyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"De Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Shroufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Trivino Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report. 2015."},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"283","article-title":"The measurement and estimation of tuberculosis mortality","volume":"13","author":"EL Korenromp","year":"2009","journal-title":"IJTLD"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063057","article-title":"Drug-associated adverse events and their relationship with outcomes in patients receiving treatment for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa","volume":"8","author":"K Shean","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis. 2014."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karumbi J, Garner P. Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis (Review). Cochrane Libr Cochrae Database Syst Rev. 2015;","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003343.pub4"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czv084","article-title":"Does treatment collection and observation each day keep the patient away? An analysis of the determinants of adherence among patients with Tuberculosis in South Africa","volume":"31","author":"S Birch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150849","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150849","article-title":"\u201cWhen Treatment Is More Challenging than the Disease\u201d: A Qualitative Study of MDR-TB Patient Retention","volume":"11","author":"KS Shringarpure","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0144936","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144936","article-title":"Direct Observation (DO) for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Do We Really DO?","volume":"10","author":"S Benbaba","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0433","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients \u2018 views of interventions to reduce treatment loss to follow-up","volume":"21","author":"T Tupasi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"22","article-title":"Adherence in the treatment of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa: A prospective cohort study","volume":"67","author":"O M.R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2014.934266","article-title":"Preferential adherence to antiretroviral therapy over tuberculosis treatment: a qualitative study of drug-resistant TB\/HIV co-infected patients in South Africa","volume":"9","author":"A Daftary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"JC05","article-title":"Smear Conversion, Treatment Outcomes and the Time of Default in Registered Tuberculosis Patients on RNTCP DOTS in Puducherry, Southern India","volume":"8","author":"K Vasudevan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Cox H., Beko B., Daniels J., Vazi A. HJ. Default from drug-resistant TB treatment in Khayelitsha: risk factors and impact of long treatment duration. Conf proceeding. 2012;"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83480","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083480","article-title":"Alcohol, hospital discharge, and socioeconomic risk factors for default from multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment in rural South Africa: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"E Kendall","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-14-81","article-title":"\u201cHome is where the patient is\u201d: a qualitative analysis of a patient-centred model of care for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis","volume":"14","author":"S Horter","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200409-1200OC","article-title":"Rate of reinfection tuberculosis after successful treatment is higher than rate of new tuberculosis","volume":"171","author":"S Verver","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1086\/588292","article-title":"Risk factors and mortality associated with default from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment","volume":"46","author":"MF Franke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0537","article-title":"Strategies for reducing treatment default in drug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"a Toczek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1086\/518665","article-title":"HIV infection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: the perfect storm","volume":"196","author":"CD Wells","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20436","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020436","article-title":"Outcomes of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among a cohort of South African patients with high HIV prevalence","volume":"6","author":"JE Farley","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0742","article-title":"Community-based treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha, South Africa","volume":"18","author":"H Cox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Medecins Sans Frontieres. Scaling-up diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha, South Africa. 2011."},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Impact of decentralized care and the Xpert MTB \/ RIF test on rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment initiation in Khayelitsha, South Africa","author":"H Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13901","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013901","article-title":"Epidemic levels of drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR and XDR-TB) in a high HIV prevalence setting in Khayelitsha, South Africa","volume":"5","author":"HS Cox","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Medecins Sans Frontieres. Patient Support Interventions to improve adherence to drug resistant tuberculosis treatment: COUNSELLING TOOLKIT [Internet]. Khayelitsha, Cape Town; 2014. Available: http:\/\/samumsf.org\/documents\/2014\/06\/khayelitsha_dr-tb-pt-support.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJnew.7803","article-title":"Patient support interventions to improve adherence to drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment: A counselling toolkit","volume":"105","author":"E Mohr","year":"2015","journal-title":"South African Med J"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"National Department of Health: Republic of South Africa. Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Policy Guidelines. 2013."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Cape Town City Health. City of Cape Town\u2013 2011 Census\u2013Khayelitsha Health District. Khayelitsha, Cape Town; 2013."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trv037","article-title":"Programmatic treatment outcomes in HIV-infected and uninfected drug-resistant TB patients in Khayelitsha, South Africa","volume":"109","author":"E Mohr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis\u20132013 revision [Internet]. 2013. Available: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/79199<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001760","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001760","article-title":"Impact of Xpert MTB\/RIF for TB Diagnosis in a Primary Care Clinic with High TB and HIV Prevalence in South Africa: A Pragmatic Randomised Trial","volume":"11","author":"HS Cox","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0360","article-title":"Re-inventing adherence: toward a patient-centered model of care for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV","volume":"20","author":"MR O\u2019Donnell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J ituberculosis lung Dis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0855","article-title":"An integrated community TB-HIV adherence model provides an alternative to DOT for tuberculosis patients in Cape Town","volume":"20","author":"R Kaplan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150511","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150511","article-title":"Association between Directly Observed Therapy and Treatment Outcomes in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"J Yin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0944","article-title":"Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis with bedaquiline in a high HIV prevalence setting: an interim cohort analysis","volume":"19","author":"N Ndjeka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc lung Dis"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Linezolid for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in HIV-infected and uninfected patients","author":"J Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"ERJ"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"969","article-title":"Treatment outcomes for HIV and MDR-TB co-infected adults and children: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"P Isaakidis","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T20:05:16Z","timestamp":1588968316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178054"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Madhukar","family":"Pai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178054","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]]}}}