{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:19:58Z","timestamp":1791400798081,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"TB REACH Initiative of the Stop TB Partnership"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T13:42:35Z","timestamp":1496670155000},"page":"e0178873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["School and household tuberculosis contact investigations in Swaziland: Active TB case finding in a high HIV\/TB burden setting"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Piluca Alonzo","family":"Ustero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5283-4697","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander W.","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Golin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhekisisa","family":"Tsabedze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bulisile","family":"Mzileni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Glickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mildred","family":"Wisile Xaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gcinile","family":"Mavimbela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Mandalakas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Recommendations for investigating contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis in low and middle-income countries. WHO\/HTM\/TB\/2012.9. 2012."},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Systematic screening for active tuberculosis: principles and recommendations","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"The End TB Strategy: global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70071-9","article-title":"Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"J Morrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001105","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001105","article-title":"Closing the Policy-Practice Gap in the Management of Child Contacts of Tuberculosis Cases in Developing Countries","volume":"8","author":"PC Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0119822","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119822","article-title":"Comparative Meta-Analysis of Tuberculosis Contact Investigation Interventions in Eleven High Burden Countries","volume":"10","author":"L Blok","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15332-9","article-title":"Proportion of tuberculosis transmission that takes place in households in a high-incidence area","volume":"363","author":"S Verver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Decreasing household contribution to TB transmission with age: a retrospective geographic analysis of young people in a South African township","volume":"14","author":"K Middelkoop","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC infectious diseases. BioMed Central Ltd"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-156","article-title":"Force of tuberculosis infection amongadolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalencecommunity: a cross-sectional observation study","volume":"11","author":"K Middelkoop","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC infectious diseases. BioMed Central Ltd"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25098","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025098","article-title":"Burden of New and Recurrent Tuberculosis in a Major South African City Stratified by Age and HIV-Status","volume":"6","author":"R Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu138","article-title":"Integrating Social Contact and Environmental Data in Evaluating Tuberculosis Transmission in a South African Township","volume":"210","author":"JR Andrews","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0169769","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169769","article-title":"BUTIMBA: Intensifying the Hunt for Child TB in Swaziland through Household Contact Tracing","volume":"12","author":"AM Mandalakas","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Kick TB-News-Schools. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.kicktb.co.za\/category\/news-schools\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.kicktb.co.za\/category\/news-schools\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed 2017 Jan 20."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"National Tuberculosis Controllers Association. Guidelines for the investigation of contacts of persons with infectious tuberculosis. Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005;54."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000091","article-title":"Unrecognized Pediatric Adult-type Tuberculosis Puts School Contacts At Risk","volume":"33","author":"A Steppacher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31823378c9","article-title":"The Transmission of Tuberculosis in Schools Involving Children 3 to 11 Years of Age","volume":"31","author":"JR Roberts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Risk of M. tuberculosis Transmission from Pediatric Index Cases to School Pupils","author":"P Piccini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201406-1165OC","article-title":"Optimizing the Detection of Recent Tuberculosis Infection in Children in a High Tuberculosis\u2013HIV Burden Setting","volume":"191","author":"AM Mandalakas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-200933","article-title":"Modelling the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent tuberculosis in child contacts in a high-burden setting","volume":"68","author":"AM Mandalakas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"2015 Swaziland Annual National Tuberculosis Control Program Report. 2016: 1\u201336."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2013.02.007","article-title":"Screening for TB in high school adolescents in a high burden setting in South Africa","volume":"93","author":"H Mahomed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis. Elsevier Ltd"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Swaziland National Guidelines for Implementing Tuberculosis Intensified Case Finding, Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Infection Control in Health Care and Congregate Settings. 2012:1\u201321"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-1941OC","article-title":"Community-based Targeted Case Finding for Tuberculosis and HIV in Household Contacts of Patients with Tuberculosis in South Africa","volume":"185","author":"AE Shapiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit645","article-title":"Contact Investigation for Active Tuberculosis Among Child Contacts in Uganda","volume":"57","author":"D Jaganath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178873","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]],"date-time":"2018-10-20T09:46:10Z","timestamp":1540028770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178873"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ciccozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0178873","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]]}}}