{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:00:16Z","timestamp":1792789216432,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T13:36:51Z","timestamp":1498138611000},"page":"e0179332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Maternal BMI and diabetes in pregnancy: Investigating variations between ethnic groups using routine maternity data from London, UK"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Erin","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4697-4316","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul T.","family":"Seed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pat","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Oteng-Ntim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconception to the postnatal period (NICE guideline NG3)","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2559a","article-title":"Maternal obesity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"SY Chu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707943","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"358","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v6.i5.734","article-title":"What neonatal complications should the pediatrician be aware of in case of maternal gestational diabetes?","volume":"6","author":"D Mitanchez","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Journal of Diabetes"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus: challenges in diagnosis and management","volume":"14","author":"BCT Mpondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"163","article-title":"Consensus statement for diagnosis of obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome for Asian Indians and recommendations for physical activity, medical and surgical management","volume":"57","author":"A Misra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Association of Physicians of India"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1253","article-title":"Ethnicity modifies the effect of obesity on insulin resistance in pregnancy: A comparison of Asian, South Asian, and Caucasian women","volume":"91","author":"R Retnakaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1272968","article-title":"The association between body mass index and gestational diabetes mellitus varies by race\/ethnicity","volume":"28","author":"A Shah","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-156","article-title":"Existing maternal obesity guidelines may increase inequalities between ethnic groups: a national epidemiological study of 502,474 births in England","volume":"12","author":"N Heslehurst","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Department for Communities and Local Government. The English Indices of Deprivation 2010. 2011 9781409829225."},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes. 2011."},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic differences in the percentage of gestational diabetes mellitus cases attributable to overweight and obesity, Florida, 2004\u20132007","volume":"9","author":"SY Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Disease"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03156.x","article-title":"An analysis of the interrelationship between maternal age, body mass index and racial origin in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"119","author":"M Makgoba","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2391","article-title":"BMI cut points to identify at-risk Asian Americans for type 2 diabetes screening","volume":"38","author":"WC Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.117","article-title":"A comparison of South Asian specific and established BMI thresholds for determining obesity prevalence in pregnancy and predicting pregnancy complications: findings from the Born in Bradford cohort","volume":"38","author":"M Bryant","year":"2014","journal-title":"International journal of obesity (2005)"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2267","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus by BMI","volume":"35","author":"M Hedderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12313","article-title":"Maternal racial origin and adverse pregnancy outcome: a cohort study","volume":"41","author":"A Khalil","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"2015","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of the relationship between ethnicity, body mass index, and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes in women attending an Australian antenatal clinic","author":"R McDonald","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.040","article-title":"The interrelationship between ethnicity and obesity on obstetric outcomes","volume":"193","author":"GA Ramos","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60937-5","article-title":"Diabetes in Asia","volume":"375","author":"A Ramachandran","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2300","article-title":"Deriving ethnic-specific BMI cutoff points for assessing diabetes risk","volume":"34","author":"M Chiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. BMI: preventing ill health and premature death in black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups. NICE Guideline PH46. 2013."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-345","article-title":"Ethnic differences translate to inadequacy of high-risk screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in an Asian population: a cohort study","volume":"14","author":"YS Chong","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Health &amp; Social Care Information Centre. Hospital Episode Statistics: NHS Maternity Statistics\u20142012\u201313. 2013."}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0179332","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T00:04:40Z","timestamp":1540339480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0179332"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Cheryl S.","family":"Rosenfeld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0179332","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]}}}