{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:07:22Z","timestamp":1790536042333,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF-2011-02349395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2011-02349395"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["97\/RF-2011-02348713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["97\/RF-2011-02348713"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["54\/GR-2011-02350886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["54\/GR-2011-02350886"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EC FP7 IDEA (FP7-HEALTH-2009-241642)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EC FP7 IDEA (FP7-HEALTH-2009-241642)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EC HORIZON2020 TBVAC2020 (contract no. 643381)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EC HORIZON2020 TBVAC2020 (contract no. 643381)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["Ricerca Corrente"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Corrente"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T17:46:55Z","timestamp":1503596815000},"page":"e0183846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Immune characterization of the HBHA-specific response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected patients with or without HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Chiacchio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Delogu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilda","family":"Cuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavio","family":"De Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Pinnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sampaolesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Antinori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8360-4376","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Delia","family":"Goletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2016. 2016."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19502","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.4.19502","article-title":"HIV epidemic in Russia and neighbouring countries","volume":"17","author":"V Pokrovskiy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.Int.AIDS Soc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e120","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(15)00252-0","article-title":"Tuberculosis-related mortality in people living with HIV in Europe and Latin America: an international cohort study","volume":"3","author":"DN Podlekareva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12257","article-title":"Acquired immunodeficiencies and tuberculosis: focus on HIV\/AIDS and diabetes mellitus","volume":"264","author":"K Ronacher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol.Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01126-10","article-title":"HIV-1\/mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection immunology: how does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis?","volume":"79","author":"CR Diedrich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect.Immun"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21522","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21522","article-title":"Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Humanized Mice Infected with HIV-1","volume":"6","author":"RJ Nusbaum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci.Rep"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0146905","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146905","article-title":"PD-1 Expression and Cytokine Secretion Profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Subsets; Potential Correlates of Containment in HIV-TB Co-Infection","volume":"11","author":"KM Pollock","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS.ONE"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"24","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus associated tuberculosis more often due to recent infection than reactivation of latent infection","volume":"15","author":"RM Houben","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int.J.Tuberc.Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140099","article-title":"Performance of the tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays: an update on the accuracy, cutoff stratification, and new potential immune-based approaches","volume":"91","author":"D Goletti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.Rheumatol.Suppl"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-8-11","article-title":"Response to M. tuberculosis selected RD1 peptides in Ugandan HIV-infected patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"D Goletti","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03462.x","article-title":"Response to region of difference 1 (RD1) epitopes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals enrolled with suspected active tuberculosis: a pilot study","volume":"150","author":"D Vincenti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin.Exp.Immunol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201405-0967OC","article-title":"Risk assessment of tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients. A TBNET study","volume":"190","author":"M Sester","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am.J.Respir.Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/640309","article-title":"T cell reactivity against mycolyl transferase antigen 85 of M. tuberculosis in HIV-TB coinfected subjects and in AIDS patients suffering from tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections","volume":"2011","author":"P Launois","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin.Dev.Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01012-2016","article-title":"Correlates of tuberculosis risk: predictive biomarkers for progression to active tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"E Petruccioli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur.Respir.J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.03.017","article-title":"IP-10 is an additional marker for tuberculosis (TB) detection in HIV-infected persons in a low-TB endemic country","volume":"65","author":"V Vanini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.Infect"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1086\/338833","article-title":"Differential T and B cell responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis heparin-binding hemagglutinin adhesin in infected healthy individuals and patients with tuberculosis","volume":"185","author":"C Masungi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1090","article-title":"Methylation-dependent T cell immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis heparin-binding hemagglutinin","volume":"10","author":"S Temmerman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat.Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.12.9.1135-1138.2005","article-title":"Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis develop a strong humoral response against methylated heparin-binding hemagglutinin","volume":"12","author":"S Zanetti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin.Diagn.Lab Immunol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1815","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018315","article-title":"Methylated HBHA produced in M. smegmatis Discriminates between Active and Non-Active Tuberculosis Disease among RD1-Responders","volume":"6","author":"G Delogu","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS.ONE"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.09.040","article-title":"IFN-gamma and IgA against non-methylated heparin-binding hemagglutinin as markers of protective immunity and latent tuberculosis: Results of a longitudinal study from an endemic setting","volume":"72","author":"M Belay","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.Infect"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12493","article-title":"Lack of Response to HBHA in HIV-Infected Patients with Latent Tuberculosis Infection","volume":"84","author":"G Delogu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand.J.Immunol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2004.08.015","article-title":"Expression and Purification of Recombinant Methylated HBHA in Mycobacterium smegmatis","volume":"239","author":"G. Delogu","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol.Lett"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1086\/430930","article-title":"Effector functions of heparin-binding hemagglutinin-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes in latent human tuberculosis","volume":"192","author":"ST Temmerman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-8-5","article-title":"Isoniazid prophylaxis differently modulates T-cell responses to RD1-epitopes in contacts recently exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"D Goletti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir.Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12577","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012577","article-title":"Is IP-10 an accurate marker for detecting M. tuberculosis-specific response in HIV-infected persons?","volume":"5","author":"D Goletti","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS.ONE"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.02.004","article-title":"IFNgamma\/TNFalpha specific-cells and effector memory phenotype associate with active tuberculosis","volume":"66","author":"E Petruccioli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.Infect"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.06.009","article-title":"Polyfunctional T-cells and effector memory phenotype are associated with active TB in HIV-infected patients","volume":"69","author":"T Chiacchio","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.Infect"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00651-13","article-title":"Key role of effector memory CD4+ T lymphocytes in a short-incubation heparin-binding hemagglutinin gamma interferon release assay for the detection of latent tuberculosis","volume":"21","author":"C Wyndham-Thomas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin.Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2015.1102638","article-title":"Integrating knowledge of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis for the design of better vaccines","volume":"14","author":"F Mascart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert.Rev.Vaccines"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"341","article-title":"Immunological signatures identifying different stages of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and discriminating latent from active tuberculosis in humans","volume":"6","author":"K Smits","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2249","article-title":"An essential role for interferon gamma in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"178","author":"JL Flynn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J.Exp.Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2299","article-title":"Dominant TNF-alpha(+) Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4(+) T cell responses discriminate between latent infection and active disease","volume":"17","author":"A Harari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat.Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101122","article-title":"Functional capacity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cell responses in humans is associated with mycobacterial load","volume":"187","author":"CL Day","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040455","article-title":"Multifunctional CD4(+) T-cells correlate with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"40","author":"N Caccamo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur.J.Immunol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040731","article-title":"Polyfunctional T-cells in human tuberculosis","volume":"40","author":"KA Wilkinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur.J.Immunol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60177-4","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of MVA85A, a new tuberculosis vaccine, in infants previously vaccinated with BCG: a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial","volume":"381","author":"MD Tameris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1086\/529048","article-title":"Detection of polyfunctional Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T-cells and association with viral load in HIV-1-infected persons","volume":"197","author":"CL Day","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit265","article-title":"T-cell immunophenotyping distinguishes active from latent tuberculosis","volume":"208","author":"KM Pollock","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2008.06.005","article-title":"A comparison of IFNgamma detection methods used in tuberculosis vaccine trials","volume":"88","author":"NE Beveridge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tuberculosis.(Edinb.)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6799","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.12.6799-6805.2004","article-title":"The Mycobacterial Heparin-binding Hemagglutinin is a Protective antigen in the Mouse Aerosol Challenge Model of Tuberculosis","volume":"72","author":"M Parra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect.Immun"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343887","article-title":"Mucosal delivery of antigen-coated nanoparticles to lungs confers protective immunity against tuberculosis infection in mice","volume":"44","author":"E Stylianou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur.J.Immunol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0796-0","article-title":"Contribution of a heparin-binding haemagglutinin interferon-gamma release assay to the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected patients: comparison with the tuberculin skin test and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube","volume":"15","author":"C Wyndham-Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC.Infect.Dis"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200306-837OC","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8+ T-cells preferentially recognize heavily infected cells","volume":"168","author":"DA Lewinsohn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am.J.Respir.Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5386.121","article-title":"An antimicrobial activity of cytolytic T-cells mediated by granulysin","volume":"282","author":"S Stenger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.09.008","article-title":"First characterization of the CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses to QuantiFERON-TB Plus","volume":"73","author":"E Petruccioli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.Infect"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01245-2015","article-title":"Management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: WHO guidelines for low tuberculosis burden countries","volume":"46","author":"H Getahun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur.Respir.J"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43285","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043285","article-title":"Risk stratification of latent tuberculosis defined by combined interferon gamma release assays","volume":"7","author":"V Corbiere","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS.ONE"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00120908","article-title":"LTBI: latent tuberculosis infection or lasting immune responses to M. tuberculosis? A TBNET consensus statement","volume":"33","author":"U Mack","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur.Respir.J"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00114810","article-title":"Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"M Sester","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur.Respir.J"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2017.06.002","article-title":"Analytical evaluation of QuantiFERON-Plus and QuantiFERON-Gold In-tube assays in subjects with or without tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"E Petruccioli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0183846","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T06:07:52Z","timestamp":1602828472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0183846"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Dieli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0183846","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]}}}