{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T01:36:53Z","timestamp":1789263413852,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["New Investigator Salary Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["New Investigator Salary Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T17:24:48Z","timestamp":1504286688000},"page":"e0184260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Regulation of xanthine dehydrogensase gene expression and uric acid production in human airway epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ryan D.","family":"Huff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan C-Y.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy S.","family":"Nichol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadette","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darryl A.","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A. B.","family":"Wark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Hansbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2429-4165","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00098803","article-title":"Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens","volume":"23","author":"R Bals","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2012.08.012","article-title":"Human airway epithelial cell innate immunity: relevance to asthma","volume":"24","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2011-0011RT","article-title":"Innate immunity in the respiratory epithelium","volume":"45","author":"D Parker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12712","article-title":"Chronic inflammatory airway diseases: the central role of the epithelium revisited","volume":"46","author":"ST Gohy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00141514","article-title":"The innate immune function of airway epithelial cells in inflammatory lung disease","volume":"45","author":"PS Hiemstra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039460","article-title":"TLR2, but not TLR4, is required for effective host defence against Chlamydia respiratory tract infection in early life","volume":"7","author":"EL Beckett","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0910061","article-title":"Airway mucus function and dysfunction","volume":"363","author":"JV Fahy","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906312","article-title":"A large-scale, consortium-based genomewide association study of asthma","volume":"363","author":"MF Moffatt","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.05.038","article-title":"Defective epithelial barrier function in asthma","volume":"128","author":"C Xiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200603-392OC","article-title":"Intrinsic biochemical and functional differences in bronchial epithelial cells of children with asthma","volume":"174","author":"A Kicic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J RespirCrit Care Med"},{"issue":"27","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10143","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401422101","article-title":"Effects of cigarette smoke on the human airway epithelial cell transcriptome","volume":"101","author":"A Spira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-202878","article-title":"Airway gene expression in COPD is dynamic with inhaled corticosteroid treatment and reflects biological pathways associated with disease activity","volume":"69","author":"M van den Berge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref13","article-title":"Fibulin-1 regulates the pathogenesis of tissue remodeling in respiratory diseases","volume":"1","author":"G Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI insight"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201501-0188OC","article-title":"Targeting PI3K-p110alpha Suppresses Influenza Virus Infection in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"191","author":"AC Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00188.2003","article-title":"Large-scale gene discovery in human airway epithelia reveals novel transcripts","volume":"17","author":"TE Scheetz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463016","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/463016","article-title":"The Contribution of the Airway Epithelial Cell to Host Defense","volume":"2015","author":"F Stanke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators of inflammation"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115696","article-title":"cAMP stimulates bicarbonate secretion across normal, but not cystic fibrosis airway epithelia","volume":"89","author":"JJ Smith","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-016-0434-4","article-title":"The genetic and epigenetic landscapes of the epithelium in asthma","volume":"17","author":"F Moheimani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8183","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.12.8183","article-title":"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression is increased in asthmatic airways and correlates with expression of Th2-attracting chemokines and disease severity","volume":"174","author":"S Ying","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0304OC","article-title":"Transcription of interleukin-25 and extracellular release of the protein is regulated by allergen proteases in airway epithelial cells","volume":"49","author":"H Kouzaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003331","article-title":"The IL-1-like cytokine IL-33 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of endothelial cells and epithelial cells in vivo: a novel &apos;alarmin&apos;?","volume":"3","author":"C Moussion","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4375","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003020","article-title":"The danger signal, extracellular ATP, is a sensor for an airborne allergen and triggers IL-33 release and innate Th2-type responses","volume":"186","author":"H Kouzaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9618","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01279-16","article-title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Triggers Epithelial HMGB1 Release as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Promoting a Monocytic Inflammatory Response","volume":"90","author":"YM Hosakote","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Epithelial Derived Cytokines in Asthma","author":"PD Mitchell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6957","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01991","article-title":"Molecular identification of a danger signal that alerts the immune system to dying cells","volume":"425","author":"Y Shi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.104","article-title":"Mucosal production of uric acid by airway epithelial cells contributes to particulate matter-induced allergic sensitization","volume":"9","author":"MJ Gold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.07.007","article-title":"Barrier Epithelial Cells and the Control of Type 2 Immunity","volume":"43","author":"H Hammad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.015","article-title":"An unexpected role for uric acid as an inducer of T helper 2 cell immunity to inhaled antigens and inflammatory mediator of allergic asthma","volume":"34","author":"M Kool","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)00956-5","article-title":"Structure and function of xanthine oxidoreductase: where are we now?","volume":"33","author":"R Harrison","year":"2002","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-0134(00)00165-3","article-title":"The role of the [2Fe-2s] cluster centers in xanthine oxidoreductase","volume":"82","author":"T Nishino","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of inorganic biochemistry"},{"issue":"4459","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/175683a0","article-title":"The origin of man","volume":"175","author":"E Orowan","year":"1955","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000028589.66335.AA","article-title":"Uric acid, hominoid evolution, and the pathogenesis of salt-sensitivity","volume":"40","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00039.2004","article-title":"Molecular physiology of urate transport","volume":"20","author":"MA Hediger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.09.013","article-title":"Receptor-independent, direct membrane binding leads to cell-surface lipid sorting and Syk kinase activation in dendritic cells","volume":"29","author":"G Ng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2009.00851.x","article-title":"Monosodium urate crystals in inflammation and immunity","volume":"233","author":"Y Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.6.1129s","article-title":"Serum urate as an antioxidant for ascorbic acid","volume":"54","author":"A Sevanian","year":"1991","journal-title":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2350747","article-title":"Uric acid-iron ion complexes. A new aspect of the antioxidant functions of uric acid","volume":"235","author":"KJ Davies","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(93)90143-I","article-title":"Towards the physiological function of uric acid","volume":"14","author":"BF Becker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12579","article-title":"Comprehensive metabolomics identifies the alarmin uric acid as a critical signal for the induction of peanut allergy","volume":"70","author":"J Kong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.129031","article-title":"Altered uric acid levels and disease states","volume":"324","author":"MK Kutzing","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.19.7638","article-title":"Uric acid is a major antioxidant in human nasal airway secretions","volume":"87","author":"DB Peden","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.6.8970358","article-title":"Antioxidant kinetics in lung lavage fluid following exposure of humans to nitrogen dioxide","volume":"154","author":"FJ Kelly","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12316","article-title":"PM10-stimulated airway epithelial cells activate primary human dendritic cells independent of uric acid: Application of an in vitro model system exposing dendritic cells to airway epithelial cell-conditioned media","volume":"19","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L563","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00413.2000","article-title":"Iron regulates xanthine oxidase activity in the lung","volume":"283","author":"AJ Ghio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.3.13.2806779","article-title":"Mediator-induced activation of xanthine oxidase in endothelial cells","volume":"3","author":"HP Friedl","year":"1989","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.4.1789","article-title":"Xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activity and gene expression in renal epithelial cells. Cytokine and steroid regulation","volume":"153","author":"KD Pfeffer","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115563","article-title":"Regulation of xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activity and gene expression in cultured rat pulmonary endothelial cells","volume":"89","author":"GP Dupont","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000170827.16296.6e","article-title":"Regulation of xanthine oxidoreductase protein expression by hydrogen peroxide and calcium","volume":"25","author":"JS McNally","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.181016","article-title":"Inflammatory stimuli inhibit glucocorticoid-dependent transactivation in human pulmonary epithelial cells: rescue by long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonists","volume":"338","author":"CF Rider","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00128809","article-title":"Cigarette smoke modulates rhinovirus-induced airway epithelial cell chemokine production","volume":"35","author":"MH Hudy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35338","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35338","article-title":"A novel microbe-based treatment that attenuates the inflammatory profile in a mouse model of allergic airway disease","volume":"6","author":"M Bazett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03458.x","article-title":"The role of interleukin-4Ralpha in the induction of glutamic acid decarboxylase in airway epithelium following acute house dust mite exposure","volume":"40","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.11.053","article-title":"A new short-term mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identifies a role for mast cell tryptase in pathogenesis","volume":"131","author":"EL Beckett","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2913","article-title":"The adaptor ASC has extracellular and &apos;prionoid&apos; activities that propagate inflammation","volume":"15","author":"BS Franklin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18214","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.548594","article-title":"Importance of mast cell Prss31\/transmembrane tryptase\/tryptase-gamma in lung function and experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and colitis","volume":"289","author":"PM Hansbro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.111","article-title":"A pathogenic role for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"9","author":"TJ Haw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12908","article-title":"Animal models of COPD: What do they tell us?","volume":"22","author":"B Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref58","first-page":"147","article-title":"Role of STAT6 and SMAD2 in a model of chronic allergen exposure: a mouse strain comparison study","volume":"39","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2009","journal-title":"ClinExpAllergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32947","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032947","article-title":"Critical role of constitutive type I interferon response in bronchial epithelial cell to influenza infection","volume":"7","author":"AC Hsu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0306OC","article-title":"Impaired Antiviral Stress Granule and IFN-beta Enhanceosome Formation Enhances Susceptibility to Influenza Infection in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Epithelium","volume":"55","author":"AC Hsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2014-0158OC","article-title":"The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat protein 3 inflammasome\/IL-1 receptor I axis mediates innate, but not adaptive, immune responses after exposure to particulate matter under 10 mum","volume":"52","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.11.033","article-title":"The airway epithelium nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 inflammasome is activated by urban particulate matter","volume":"129","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3109\/01902148.2015.1040528","article-title":"Urban particulate matter increases human airway epithelial cell IL-1beta secretion following scratch wounding and H1N1 influenza A exposure in vitro","volume":"41","author":"JA Hirota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Experimental lung research"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9027","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3703","article-title":"Immortalization of human bronchial epithelial cells in the absence of viral oncoproteins","volume":"64","author":"RD Ramirez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00129107","article-title":"Selection of housekeeping genes for real-time PCR in atopic human bronchial epithelial cells","volume":"32","author":"JQ He","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73","article-title":"Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method","volume":"3","author":"TD Schmittgen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature protocols"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F327","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00133.2004","article-title":"Human organic anion transporter MRP4 (ABCC4) is an efflux pump for the purine end metabolite urate with multiple allosteric substrate binding sites","volume":"288","author":"RA Van Aubel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8545","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M507349200","article-title":"Stress activation of mammary epithelial cell xanthine oxidoreductase is mediated by p38 MAPK and CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein-beta","volume":"281","author":"KJ Seymour","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.143","article-title":"Uric acid as a danger signal in gout and its comorbidities","volume":"9","author":"KL Rock","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature reviews Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132715","article-title":"The inflammasomes: guardians of the body","volume":"27","author":"F Martinon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21272","article-title":"PD98059 enhanced insulin, cytokine, and growth factor activation of xanthine oxidoreductase in epithelial cells involves STAT3 and the glucocorticoid receptor","volume":"101","author":"LE Roberts","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-202909","article-title":"Rhinovirus-induced interferon production is not deficient in well controlled asthma","volume":"69","author":"A Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134609","article-title":"Cyclic nucleotide compartmentalization: contributions of phosphodiesterases and ATP-binding cassette transporters","volume":"53","author":"S Cheepala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0184260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T13:26:29Z","timestamp":1750857989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0184260"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yu Ru","family":"Kou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0184260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]}}}