{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:18:02Z","timestamp":1790813882771,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T19:33:11Z","timestamp":1513884791000},"page":"e0189072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Metabolomic profiling and stable isotope labelling of Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus reveal major differences in amino acid metabolism including the production of 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, cystathionine and S-methylcysteine"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8011-6219","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gareth D.","family":"Westrop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavin J.","family":"Blackburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham H.","family":"Coombs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20774","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020774","article-title":"Phylogeny of parasitic parabasalia and free-living relatives inferred from conventional markers vs. Rpb1, a single-copy gene","volume":"6","author":"SB Malik","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7594.1","article-title":"Recent Advances in the Trichomonas vaginalis Field","volume":"5","author":"D Leitsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2016.01.010","article-title":"Tritrichomonas foetus Prevention and Control in Cattle","volume":"32","author":"JD Ondrak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1086\/526496","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis infection and human immunodeficiency virus acquisition in African women","volume":"197","author":"B Van Der Pol","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0781","article-title":"Plasma antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer","volume":"15","author":"S Sutcliffe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23153","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis infection and risk of advanced prostate cancer","volume":"76","author":"IM Shui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-017-0919-6","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis infection and risk of prostate cancer: associations by disease aggressiveness and race\/ethnicity in the PLCO Trial","volume":"28","author":"M Marous","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000134","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of perinatal morbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"BJ Silver","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02025-15","article-title":"Clinical and Laboratory Testing for Trichomonas vaginalis Infection","volume":"54","author":"B Van Der Pol","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12455","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis flavin reductase 1 and its role in metronidazole resistance","volume":"91","author":"D Leitsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13920","article-title":"Mechanisms of Tritrichomonas foetus Pathogenicity in Cats with Insights from Venereal Trichomonosis","volume":"30","author":"MK Tolbert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"5809","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132894","article-title":"Draft genome sequence of the sexually transmitted pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"315","author":"JM Carlton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00195-17","article-title":"Draft Genome Sequence of Tritrichomonas foetus Strain K","volume":"5","author":"M Benchimol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Announc"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Genetic indicators of drug resistance in the highly repetitive genome of Trichomonas vaginalis","author":"M Bradic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.06.004","article-title":"Comparative analysis of trichomonad genome sizes and karyotypes","volume":"161","author":"Z Zubacova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.09.024","article-title":"Evidence for repeated gene duplications in Tritrichomonas foetus supported by EST analysis and comparison with the Trichomonas vaginalis genome","volume":"206","author":"J Oyhenart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.05024-11","article-title":"Biochemistry and evolution of anaerobic energy metabolism in eukaryotes","volume":"76","author":"M Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(87)90029-6","article-title":"L-methionine catabolism in trichomonads","volume":"23","author":"KW Thong","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"issue":"35","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25062","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M600688200","article-title":"Cysteine biosynthesis in Trichomonas vaginalis involves cysteine synthase utilizing O-phosphoserine","volume":"281","author":"GD Westrop","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"48","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33485","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.054320","article-title":"The mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase of Trichomonas vaginalis links cysteine catabolism to the production of thioredoxin persulfide","volume":"284","author":"GD Westrop","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.6.1743-1745.2001","article-title":"Trifluoromethionine, a prodrug designed against methionine gamma-lyase-containing pathogens, has efficacy in vitro and in vivo against Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"45","author":"GH Coombs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20101986","article-title":"Mechanistic studies on the enzymatic processing of fluorinated methionine analogues by Trichomonas vaginalis methionine gamma-lyase","volume":"438","author":"IA Moya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0136891","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136891","article-title":"Metabolomic Analyses of Leishmania Reveal Multiple Species Differences and Large Differences in Amino Acid Metabolism","volume":"10","author":"GD Westrop","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.10.004","article-title":"Getting trichy: tools and approaches to interrogating Trichomonas vaginalis in a post-genome world","volume":"29","author":"MD Conrad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-141-12-3077","article-title":"Multiple cysteine proteinases of the pathogenic protozoon Tritrichomonas foetus: identification of seven diverse and differentially expressed genes","volume":"141","author":"DJ Mallinson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts069","article-title":"IDEOM: an Excel interface for analysis of LC-MS-based metabolomics data","volume":"28","author":"DJ Creek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts674","article-title":"mzMatch-ISO: an R tool for the annotation and relative quantification of isotope-labelled mass spectrometry data","volume":"29","author":"A Chokkathukalam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003876","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003876","article-title":"Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase identified as a key enzyme in erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum carbon metabolism","volume":"10","author":"J Storm","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5549","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.10.5549","article-title":"The primitive protozoon Trichomonas vaginalis contains two methionine gamma-lyase genes that encode members of the gamma-family of pyridoxal 5\u2019-phosphate-dependent enzymes","volume":"273","author":"AE McKie","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-10-2715","article-title":"Dependence of Trichomonas vaginalis upon polyamine backconversion","volume":"146","author":"N Yarlett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26939-0","article-title":"Production of ammonia by Tritrichomonas foetus and Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"150","author":"Y Kleydman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.5.1.148-154.2006","article-title":"Pyruvate-phosphate dikinase of oxymonads and parabasalia and the evolution of pyrophosphate-dependent glycolysis in anaerobic eukaryotes","volume":"5","author":"CH Slamovits","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(82)80026-4","article-title":"Purine metabolism in Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"141","author":"PG Heyworth","year":"1982","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(02)00330-4","article-title":"Adenosine is the primary precursor of all purine nucleotides in Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"127","author":"NR Munagala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2790675","article-title":"Purification and characterization of methionine gamma-lyase from Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"279","author":"BC Lockwood","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"50","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39160","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.167304","article-title":"Metabolome analysis revealed increase in S-methylcysteine and phosphatidylisopropanolamine synthesis upon L-cysteine deprivation in the anaerobic protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica","volume":"285","author":"A Husain","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051105","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis virulence factors: an integrative overview","volume":"89","author":"RP Hirt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391429-3.00006-X","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis pathobiology new insights from the genome sequence","volume":"77","author":"RP Hirt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2012.07.010","article-title":"Phosphoproteome profiling of the sexually transmitted pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"46","author":"YM Yeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2011.10.001","article-title":"The Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosome proteome is highly reduced relative to mitochondria, yet complex compared with mitosomes","volume":"41","author":"RE Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3900","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00611-12","article-title":"Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of Trichomonas vaginalis following adherence to fibronectin","volume":"80","author":"KY Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1274-z","article-title":"A proteome reference map of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"104","author":"KY Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitology research"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M000022-MCP201","article-title":"Proteome analysis of the surface of Trichomonas vaginalis reveals novel proteins and strain-dependent differential expression","volume":"9","author":"N de Miguel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65148","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065148","article-title":"Iron-induced changes in the proteome of Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes","volume":"8","author":"NC Beltran","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evs078","article-title":"Transcriptomic identification of iron-regulated and iron-independent gene copies within the heavily duplicated Trichomonas vaginalis genome","volume":"4","author":"L Horvathova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.04.002","article-title":"Deep sequencing of Trichomonas vaginalis during the early infection of vaginal epithelial cells and amoeboid transition","volume":"43","author":"SB Gould","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.08.008","article-title":"Adaptive responses to glucose restriction enhance cell survival, antioxidant capability, and autophagy of the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"1840","author":"KY Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2014.07.013","article-title":"Gene-expression analysis of cold-stress response in the sexually transmitted protist Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"48","author":"YK Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-141-10-2637","article-title":"Uptake of amino acids by the parasitic, flagellated protist Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"141","author":"X Zuo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00276-08","article-title":"Flavodiiron protein from Trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes: the terminal oxygen reductase","volume":"8","author":"T Smutna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-140-9-2489","article-title":"Antioxidant defences in the microaerophilic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis: comparison of metronidazole-resistant and sensitive strains","volume":"140","author":"JE Ellis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"47","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12808","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0322-07.2007","article-title":"Methionine sulfoxide reductase A and a dietary supplement S-methyl-L-cysteine prevent Parkinson\u2019s-like symptoms","volume":"27","author":"R Wassef","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1039\/C3FO60689A","article-title":"s-Methyl cysteine enhanced survival of nerve growth factor differentiated PC12 cells under hypoxic conditions","volume":"5","author":"CL Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food & function"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7208","DOI":"10.1021\/jf034294u","article-title":"Antioxidative activity of sulfur-containing compounds in Allium species for human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in vitro","volume":"51","author":"O Higuchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref55","article-title":"Post-Intake of S-Ethyl Cysteine and S-Methyl Cysteine Improved LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice","volume":"8","author":"TC Hsia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304359200","article-title":"The amitochondriate eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis contains a divergent thioredoxin-linked peroxiredoxin antioxidant system","volume":"279","author":"GH Coombs","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008005131","article-title":"Differential inhibition of high and low Mr thioredoxin reductases of parasites by organotelluriums supports the concept that low Mr thioredoxin reductases are good drug targets","volume":"136","author":"PJ McMillan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444905039946","article-title":"High-resolution structure of recombinant Trichomonas vaginalis thioredoxin","volume":"62","author":"J Iulek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2006.11.013","article-title":"S-Adenosylmethionine in protozoan parasites: functions, synthesis and regulation","volume":"152","author":"RM Reguera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2012.09.007","article-title":"S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase and methylation disorders: yeast as a model system","volume":"1832","author":"O Tehlivets","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimica et biophysica acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.8.2157","article-title":"In the cystathionine beta-synthase knockout mouse, elevations in total plasma homocysteine increase tissue S-adenosylhomocysteine, but responses of S-adenosylmethionine and DNA methylation are tissue specific","volume":"132","author":"SF Choumenkovitch","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.2811","article-title":"Intracellular S-adenosylhomocysteine concentrations predict global DNA hypomethylation in tissues of methyl-deficient cystathionine beta-synthase heterozygous mice","volume":"131","author":"MA Caudill","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-016-9958-5","article-title":"Lack of global epigenetic methylation defects in CBS deficient mice","volume":"40","author":"HO Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00578503","article-title":"S-adenosylmethionine and transmethylation reactions in trichomonads","volume":"73","author":"KW Thong","year":"1987","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"27","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16053","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.27.16053","article-title":"Studies on the synthesis of the Fe-S cluster of dihydroxy-acid dehydratase in escherichia coli crude extract. Isolation of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylases A and B and beta-cystathionase based on their ability to mobilize sulfur from cysteine and to participate in Fe-S cluster synthesis","volume":"271","author":"DH Flint","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.255","article-title":"Methionine gamma-lyase: the unique reaction mechanism, physiological roles, and therapeutic applications against infectious diseases and cancers","volume":"61","author":"D Sato","year":"2009","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2007.06221.x","article-title":"Kinetic characterization of methionine gamma-lyases from the enteric protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica against physiological substrates and trifluoromethionine, a promising lead compound against amoebiasis","volume":"275","author":"D Sato","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcl055","article-title":"Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway","volume":"48","author":"A Goyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2002_3784","article-title":"Structure, catalytic activity and evolutionary relationships of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, the key enzyme of ethylene synthesis in higher plants","volume":"49","author":"M Jakubowicz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.15.4421-4434.2001","article-title":"Methionine regeneration and aspartate aminotransferase in parasitic protozoa","volume":"183","author":"LC Berger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of bacteriology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(86)90080-0","article-title":"Aminotransferase activities in Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"21","author":"PN Lowe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2320689","article-title":"Aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase from trichomonas vaginalis. Identity of aspartate aminotransferase and aromatic amino acid aminotransferase","volume":"232","author":"PN Lowe","year":"1985","journal-title":"The Biochemical journal"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"93","article-title":"The Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of \u2018Anaerobic\u2019 Protozoa","author":"D Lloyd","year":"1989"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6285","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.11.6285","article-title":"Convergent evolution of Trichomonas vaginalis lactate dehydrogenase from malate dehydrogenase","volume":"96","author":"G Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.006","article-title":"2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA): a new potential topical antibacterial agent","volume":"39","author":"M Sakko","year":"2012","journal-title":"International journal of antimicrobial agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12145","article-title":"2-hydroxyisocaproic acid is fungicidal for Candida and Aspergillus species","volume":"57","author":"M Sakko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) is bactericidal in human dental root canals ex vivo","author":"M Sakko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00339-14","article-title":"DL-2-hydroxyisocaproic acid attenuates inflammatory responses in a murine Candida albicans biofilm model","volume":"21","author":"MT Nieminen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical and vaccine immunology: CVI"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E416","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00618.2012","article-title":"Chronic alpha-hydroxyisocaproic acid treatment improves muscle recovery after immobilization-induced atrophy","volume":"305","author":"CH Lang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2010.10.004","article-title":"Hydrogenosome-localization of arginine deiminase in Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"176","author":"M Morada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1107\/S1744309112019124","article-title":"Structure of Leishmania major cysteine synthase","volume":"68","author":"PK Fyfe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0189072","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T18:00:23Z","timestamp":1603562423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0189072"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Motta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0189072","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]}}}