{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:00:08Z","timestamp":1793304008104,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T13:36:30Z","timestamp":1516800990000},"page":"e0191625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Associations between sexual habits, menstrual hygiene practices, demographics and the vaginal microbiome as revealed by Bayesian network analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Noelle","family":"Noyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyu-Chul","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Ravel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry J.","family":"Forney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8272-7734","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zaid","family":"Abdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70338-3","article-title":"Pathogenesis of abnormal vaginal bacterial flora","volume":"182","author":"GG Donders","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(99)80024-0","article-title":"Microbial interactions in the vaginal ecosystem, with emphasis on the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"1","author":"V Pybus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microbes Infect Inst Pasteur"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1086\/315127","article-title":"Vaginal lactobacilli, microbial flora, and risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and sexually transmitted disease acquisition","volume":"180","author":"HL Martin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000247627.84791.91","article-title":"Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: 2001\u20132004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data","volume":"109","author":"JE Allsworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737425","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/737425","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding the microbiology of the female reproductive tract and the causes of premature birth","volume":"2010","author":"X Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-016-0074-5","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis: a synthesis of the literature on etiology, prevalence, risk factors, and relationship with chlamydia and gonorrhea infections","volume":"3","author":"CT Bautista","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.2.251-256.1989","article-title":"Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"27","author":"DA Eschenbach","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","volume":"108","author":"J Ravel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043802","article-title":"Molecular Identification of Bacteria Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis","volume":"353","author":"DN Fredricks","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02085-06","article-title":"Cultivation-Independent Analysis of Changes in Bacterial Vaginosis Flora Following Metronidazole Treatment","volume":"45","author":"MJ Ferris","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02840.x","article-title":"The vaginal microbiome: new information about genital tract flora using molecular based techniques","volume":"118","author":"RF Lamont","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"28","article-title":"Bacterial Vaginosis: An Overview for 2009","volume":"2","author":"CH Livengood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.29.2.297-301.1991","article-title":"Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation","volume":"29","author":"RP Nugent","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-092611-150157","article-title":"The vaginal microbiome: rethinking health and diseases","volume":"66","author":"B Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1086\/428288","article-title":"Factors associated with absence of H2O2-producing Lactobacillus among women with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"191","author":"RH Beigi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn103","article-title":"A Longitudinal Study of Vaginal Douching and Bacterial Vaginosis\u2014A Marginal Structural Modeling Analysis","volume":"168","author":"RM Brotman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462001916461","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and smoking","volume":"11","author":"D Hellberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462971918850","article-title":"Sex, thrush and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"8","author":"PE Hay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"201","article-title":"Can known risk factors explain racial differences in the occurrence of bacterial vaginosis?","volume":"95","author":"RB Ness","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2009.00618.x","article-title":"The vaginal bacterial communities of Japanese women resemble those of women in other racial groups","volume":"58","author":"X Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2011.00127.x","article-title":"Distance-based multivariate analyses confound location and dispersion effects","volume":"3","author":"DI Warton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2015-0821","article-title":"Compositional analysis: a valid approach to analyze microbiome high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"62","author":"GB Gloor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Hypothesis testing and statistical analysis of microbiome","author":"Y Xia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2017.01.13","article-title":"Insights into study design and statistical analyses in translational microbiome studies","volume":"5","author":"J Shankar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.533273","article-title":"Predictive Genomics of Cardioembolic Stroke","volume":"40","author":"RB Ramoni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke J Cereb Circ"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e184","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl230","article-title":"Predicting the prognosis of breast cancer by integrating clinical and microarray data with Bayesian networks","volume":"22","author":"O Gevaert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2007.02.003","article-title":"Diagnosis of breast cancer using Bayesian networks: a case study","volume":"37","author":"N Cruz-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-010-0178-6","article-title":"Learning Bayesian networks by hill climbing: efficient methods based on progressive restriction of the neighborhood","volume":"22","author":"JA G\u00e1mez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Data Min Knowl Discov"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v035.i03","article-title":"Learning Bayesian Networks with the bnlearn R Package","volume":"35","author":"M Scutari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Graphical Independence Networks with the gRain Package for R","volume":"46","author":"S H\u00f8jsgaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2006.11.033","article-title":"Advantages and challenges of Bayesian networks in environmental modelling","volume":"203","author":"L Uusitalo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecol Model"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"14","article-title":"Nonspecific vaginitis. Diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations","volume":"74","author":"R Amsel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132ra52","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003605","article-title":"Temporal Dynamics of the Human Vaginal Microbiota","volume":"4","author":"P Gajer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"32","article-title":"A new method for non\u2010parametric multivariate analysis of variance","volume":"26","author":"MJ Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Austral Ecol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2658","article-title":"Differential abundance analysis for microbial marker-gene surveys","volume":"10","author":"JN Paulson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelng","author":"RB Kline","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Learning Bayesian Networks","author":"RE Neapolitan","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.1993.284352","article-title":"Path analysis and probabilistic networks: analogous concepts","volume":"3","author":"SF Roehrig","year":"1993","journal-title":"[1993] Proceedings of the Twenty-sixth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5261","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00062-07","article-title":"Na\u00efve Bayesian Classifier for Rapid Assignment of rRNA Sequences into the New Bacterial Taxonomy","volume":"73","author":"Q Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2103-1","article-title":"Risk factors for bacterial vaginosis: results from a cross-sectional study having a sample of 53,652 women","volume":"33","author":"X-D Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Steck H. Learning the Bayesian Network Structure: Dirichlet Prior versus Data. Proc 24th Conf Uncertain Artif Intell. 2008; 511\u2013518."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-017-0558-9","article-title":"Syndromic Diagnosis in Evaluation of Women with Symptoms of Vaginitis","volume":"19","author":"TO Nwankwo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P10008","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2008\/10\/P10008","article-title":"Fast unfolding of communities in large networks","volume":"2008","author":"VD Blondel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Stat Mech Theory Exp"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bastian M, Heymann S, Jacomy M. Gephi: An Open Source Software for Exploring and Manipulating Networks. San Jose, California, USA; 2009.","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v3i1.13937"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s004420100716","article-title":"Ecologically meaningful transformations for ordination of species data","volume":"129","author":"P Legendre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref47","unstructured":"Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR, O\u2019Hara RB, et al. vegan: Community Ecology Package [Internet]. 2014. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=vegan\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=vegan<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9993.1993.tb00438.x","article-title":"Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure","volume":"18","author":"KR Clarke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Aust J Ecol"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Data analysis using regression and multivariate\/hierarchical models","author":"A Gelman","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37818","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037818","article-title":"Bacterial Communities in Women with Bacterial Vaginosis: High Resolution Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Relationships of Microbiota to Clinical Criteria","volume":"7","author":"S Srinivasan","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2014.0050","article-title":"Race\/Ethnicity and the Socioeconomic Status Gradient in Women\u2019s Cancer Screening Utilization: A Case of Diminishing Returns?","volume":"25","author":"SM Monnat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2015.05.002","article-title":"Differential uptake of recent Papanicolaou testing by HPV vaccination status among young women in the United States, 2008\u20132013","volume":"39","author":"AG Sauer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2012.06.001","article-title":"Tampon use in adolescence: differences among European American, African American and Latina women in practices, concerns, and barriers","volume":"25","author":"LF Romo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.4.844","article-title":"Relative weight and race influence average age at menarche: results from two nationally representative surveys of US girls studied 25 years apart","volume":"111","author":"SE Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.1.110","article-title":"Age at menarche and racial comparisons in US girls","volume":"111","author":"WC Chumlea","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"331","article-title":"Unraveling the Dynamics of the Human Vaginal Microbiome","volume":"89","author":"KL Nunn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-2618-2-4","article-title":"The composition and stability of the vaginal microbiota of normal pregnant women is different from that of non-pregnant women","volume":"2","author":"R Romero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gls068","article-title":"The Role of Androgens and Estrogens on Healthy Aging and Longevity","volume":"67","author":"AM Horstman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.07.035","article-title":"Maternal risk factors for abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy","volume":"133","author":"C Tibaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet Off Organ Int Fed Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90505-L","article-title":"Antepartum Cultures for Ureaplasma-Urealyticum Are Not Useful in Predicting Pregnancy Outcome","volume":"164","author":"J Carey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005183422007","article-title":"Intrauterine Infection and Preterm Delivery","volume":"342","author":"RL Goldenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.e43","article-title":"Relation of age at menarche to race, time period, and anthropometric dimensions: the Bogalusa Heart Study","volume":"110","author":"DS Freedman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.752","article-title":"Ethnic differences in the presence of secondary sex characteristics and menarche among US girls: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988\u20131994","volume":"110","author":"T Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","volume":"108","author":"J Ravel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1040984","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1040984","article-title":"A Comparison of Colorimetric Assessment of Vaginal pH with Nugent Score for the Detection of Bacterial Vaginosis","volume":"2017","author":"MK Hoffman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2174\/1574887111308010005","article-title":"Skin benefits with a novel emollient-treated menstrual pad","volume":"8","author":"MA Farage","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Recent Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12151","article-title":"Effects of tampons and menses on the composition and diversity of vaginal microbial communities over time","volume":"120","author":"RJ Hickey","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181bc063c","article-title":"Personal hygienic behaviors and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"37","author":"MA Klebanoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/136.6.740","article-title":"Vaginal colonization with Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis)","volume":"136","author":"WM McCormack","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001257","article-title":"Alterations in the Genital Microbiota in Women With Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"127","author":"CVG Pires","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2128-5","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the relationship between specific vaginal bacteria and bacterial vaginosis metronidazole therapy failure","volume":"33","author":"B Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01283","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01283-14","article-title":"The female urinary microbiome: a comparison of women with and without urgency urinary incontinence","volume":"5","author":"MM Pearce","year":"2014","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-4-16","article-title":"Cloning of 16S rRNA genes amplified from normal and disturbed vaginal microflora suggests a strong association between Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"4","author":"R Verhelst","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01528","article-title":"Bacterial Vaginosis Biofilms: Challenges to Current Therapies and Emerging Solutions","volume":"6","author":"D Machado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2006.00767.x","article-title":"Using cervical mucus and other easily observed biomarkers to identify ovulation in prospective pregnancy trials","volume":"20","author":"MJ Zinaman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000124","article-title":"New Perspectives on the Normal Vagina and Noninfectious Causes of Discharge","volume":"58","author":"AM Powell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3109\/13625187.2014.900532","article-title":"The impact of copper-containing and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptives on cervicovaginal cytology and microbiological flora: a prospective study","volume":"19","author":"O Erol","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care Off J Eur Soc Contracept"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.04.006","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome changes with levonorgestrel intrauterine system placement","volume":"90","author":"JC Jacobson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2768-8","article-title":"Influence of contraceptive choice on vaginal bacterial and fungal microflora","volume":"36","author":"G Donders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.18855","article-title":"Metabolite exchange between microbiome members produces compounds that influence Drosophila behavior","volume":"6","author":"CN Fischer","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0771-7","article-title":"Oral treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus attenuates behavioural deficits and immune changes in chronic social stress","volume":"15","author":"A Bharwani","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref82","article-title":"Bacterial Signaling to the Nervous System through Toxins and Metabolites","author":"NJ Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref83","article-title":"Lactobacillus iners: Friend or Foe?","author":"MI Petrova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv587","article-title":"Placental Infection With Ureaplasma species Is Associated With Histologic Chorioamnionitis and Adverse Outcomes in Moderately Preterm and Late-Preterm Infants","volume":"213","author":"EL Sweeney","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052285","article-title":"Identification of novel microbes associated with pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility","volume":"92","author":"CL Haggerty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2307\/2673719","article-title":"Tubal Sterilization in the United States, 1994\u20131996","volume":"33","author":"AP MacKay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fam Plann Perspect"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1159\/000316051","article-title":"Vaginal flora alterations and clinical symptoms in low-risk pregnant women","volume":"71","author":"F Gondo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"ref88","article-title":"Simple Network of Workstations","author":"L Tierney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Simple Network of Workstations"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","article-title":"Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks","volume":"13","author":"P Shannon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.007","article-title":"Toward Accurate and Quantitative Comparative Metagenomics","volume":"166","author":"S Nayfach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"090506","article-title":"MetaSRA: normalized sample-specific metadata for the Sequence Read Archive","author":"MN Bernstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"ref92","article-title":"Inferring network structure in non-normal and mixed discrete-continuous genomic data","author":"A Bhadra","year":"2016","journal-title":"ArXiv160400376 Stat"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0191625","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T13:52:01Z","timestamp":1693489921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0191625"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Brenda A.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0191625","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/211631","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]}}}