{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T15:55:53Z","timestamp":1791734153876,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]],"date-time":"2018-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]],"date-time":"2018-02-09T14:02:25Z","timestamp":1518184945000},"page":"e0192684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Electrooculography-based continuous eye-writing recognition system for efficient assistive communication systems"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9332-3735","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fuming","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Shinozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105313442207","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"344","author":"LP Rowland","year":"2001","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820510030031","article-title":"Changes in the incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Wakayama","volume":"6","author":"T Kihira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/165019701750419644","article-title":"Augmentative and alternative communication methods in locked-in syndrome","volume":"33","author":"S S\u00f6derholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of rehabilitation medicine"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Ten Kate J, Frietman EE, Willems W, Romeny BTH, Tenkink E. Eye-switch controlled communication aids. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Medical & Biological Engineering; 1979. p. 19\u201320."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majaranta P, Ahola UK, \u0160pakov O. Fast gaze typing with an adjustable dwell time. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM; 2009. p. 357\u2013360.","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518758"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majaranta P, R\u00e4ih\u00e4 K. Twenty years of eye typing: systems and design issues. In: ETRA\u201902 Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications; 2002. p. 15\u201322.","DOI":"10.1145\/507072.507076"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urbina MH, Huckauf A. Alternatives to single character entry and dwell time selection on eye typing. In: Proceedings of the 2010 symposium on eye-tracking research & applications. ACM; 2010. p. 315\u2013322.","DOI":"10.1145\/1743666.1743738"},{"issue":"6900","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1038\/418838a","article-title":"Artificial intelligence: Fast hands-free writing by gaze direction","author":"DJ Ward","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuisku O, Majaranta P, Isokoski P, R\u00e4ih\u00e4 KJ. Now Dasher! Dash away!: longitudinal study of fast text entry by Eye Gaze. In: Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications. ACM; 2008. p. 19\u201326.","DOI":"10.1145\/1344471.1344476"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref10","first-page":"529","article-title":"Workload Evaluation of Gaze-Writing Systems","volume":"26","author":"T Hayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors and Materials"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","first-page":"39","article-title":"A feasibility study of an eye-writing system based on electro-oculography","volume":"28","author":"J Tsai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-011-9259-0","article-title":"ISCEV standard for clinical electro-oculography (2010 update)","volume":"122","author":"MF Marmor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Documenta Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2014.09.003","article-title":"Deep learning in neural networks: An overview","volume":"61","author":"J Schmidhuber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"issue":"99","key":"ref14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Real-time \u2018eye-writing\u2019 recognition using electrooculogram (EOG)","volume":"PP","author":"KR Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1978.1163055","article-title":"Dynamic Programming Algorithm Optimization for Spoken Word Recognition","volume":"26","author":"H Sakoe","year":"1978","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6898031","article-title":"Improving Eye Motion Sequence Recognition Using Electrooculography Based on Context-Dependent HMM","volume":"2016","author":"F Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"257","article-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE","author":"LR Rabiner","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x","article-title":"A Mathematical Theory of Communication","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1948","journal-title":"The Bell System Technical Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(97)00113-2","article-title":"The advantages of digital over analog recording techniques","volume":"106","author":"BE Swartz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref20","first-page":"341","article-title":"Muscular fatigue and action potential conduction velocity changes studied with frequency analysis of EMG signals","volume":"10","author":"L Lindstrom","year":"1970","journal-title":"Electromyography"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3233\/AIS-2009-0020","article-title":"Wearable EOG goggles: Seamless sensing and context-awareness in everyday environments","volume":"1","author":"A Bulling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Samrt Environments"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2007.914713","article-title":"DC Blocker Algorithms [DSP Tips & Tricks]","volume":"25","author":"R Yates","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"275","article-title":"Aistats","volume":"vol. 15","author":"X Glorot","year":"2011"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1967.1054010","article-title":"Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimum decoding algorithm","volume":"13","author":"A Viterbi","year":"1967","journal-title":"IEEE transactions on Information Theory"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177699147","article-title":"Statistical inference for probabilistic functions of finite state Markov chains","volume":"37","author":"LE Baum","year":"1966","journal-title":"The annals of mathematical statistics"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2006.05.003","article-title":"New approach to the polyglot speech generation by means of an HMM-based speaker adaptable synthesizer","volume":"48","author":"J Latorre","year":"2006","journal-title":"Speech Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1006\/csla.2001.0184","article-title":"Weighted finite-state transducers in speech recognition","volume":"16","author":"M Mohri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Computer Speech and Language"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young SJ, Odell JJ, Woodland PC. Tree-based State Tying for High Accuracy Acoustic Modelling. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Language Technology; 1994. p. 307\u2013312.","DOI":"10.3115\/1075812.1075885"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang F, Shinozaki T, Kobayashi T. An automatic input protocol recommendation method for tailored switch-to-speech communication aid systems. In: 2014 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference, APSIPA ASC 2014; 2014.","DOI":"10.1109\/APSIPA.2014.7041638"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"437","article-title":"Interspeech","author":"F Seide","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1155","article-title":"Proceedings Eurospeech","author":"CJ Leggetter","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"145","article-title":"Proceedings IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","author":"C Lee","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"558","article-title":"Proceedings ICASSP","author":"C Lee","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"135","article-title":"Proceedings SSPR2003","author":"T Kawahara","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"249","article-title":"Aistats","volume":"vol. 9","author":"X Glorot","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6088","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/323533a0","article-title":"Learning representations by back-propagating errors","volume":"323","author":"D Williams","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"The HTK book","author":"S Young","year":"2009"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/14786440109462720","article-title":"LIII. On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space","volume":"2","author":"K Pearson","year":"1901","journal-title":"The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Stolcke A, Zheng J, Wang W, Abrash V. SRILM at sixteen: Update and outlook. In: Proceedings of IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop. vol. 5; 2011."},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Generalization and network design strategies","author":"Y Lecun","year":"1989"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735","article-title":"Long short-term memory","volume":"9","author":"S Hochreiter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neural computation"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0192684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T21:02:13Z","timestamp":1603832533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0192684"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Federici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0192684","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]}}}