{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T21:19:57Z","timestamp":1768079997636,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NO.81371192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.81371192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China","award":["NO.2014DFA31800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.2014DFA31800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T13:29:57Z","timestamp":1527600597000},"page":"e0197281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparison of orthodontic tooth movement between adolescents and adults based on implant superimposition"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Meng-Jiao","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6975-6226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian-Min","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.08.029","article-title":"Effectiveness of orthodontic miniscrew implants in anchorage reinforcement during en-masse retraction: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"151","author":"SJ Antoszewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.122369","article-title":"Accuracy of patient reporting as an indication of headgear compliance","volume":"121","author":"WA Cole","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.01.040","article-title":"Midpalatal implants vs headgear for orthodontic anchorage\u2014a randomized clinical trial: cephalometric results","volume":"132","author":"PE Benson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.04.032","article-title":"Palatal implants are a good alternative to headgear: a randomized trial","volume":"133","author":"J Sandler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.10.025","article-title":"Mini-implant anchorage for enmasse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth: a clinical cephalometric study","volume":"134","author":"M Upadhyay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025","article-title":"Treatment effects of mini-implants for en-masse retraction of anterior teeth in bialveolar dental protrusion patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"134","author":"M Upadhyay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.12.014","article-title":"Comparison and measurement of the amount of anchorage loss of the molars with and without the use of implant anchorage during canine retraction","volume":"129","author":"B Thiruvenkatachari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.01.030","article-title":"Tooth movement after orthodontic treatment with 4 second premolar extractions","volume":"138","author":"K Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.12.022","article-title":"Comparison of treatment outcomes between skeletal anchorage and extraoral anchorage in adults with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion","volume":"134","author":"CC Yao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.040","article-title":"Measuring 3-dimensional tooth movement with a 3-dimensional surface laser scanner","volume":"135","author":"B Thiruvenkatachari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.05.017","article-title":"Three-dimensional dental model analysis of treatment outcomes for protrusive maxillary dentition: comparison of headgear, miniscrew, and miniplate skeletal anchorage","volume":"134","author":"EH Lai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2012.42.6.280","article-title":"Preliminary three-dimensional analysis of tooth movement and arch dimension change of the maxillary dentition in Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with first premolar extraction: conventional anchorage vs. mini-implant anchorage","volume":"42","author":"HM Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.07.018","article-title":"Drift characteristics of miniscrews and molars for anchorage under orthodontic force: 3-dimensional computed tomography registration evaluation","volume":"139","author":"H Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(65)90242-3","article-title":"Growth and remodeling of the human maxilla","volume":"51","author":"DH Enlow","year":"1965","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12065","article-title":"A new method to evaluate the positional stability of a self-drilling miniscrew","volume":"18","author":"G Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Systematic review of mini-implant displacement under orthodontic loading","author":"M Nienkemper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(03)00565-1","article-title":"Factors associated with the stability of titanium screws placed in the posterior region for orthodontic anchorage","volume":"124","author":"S Miyawaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"322","article-title":"Physiologic timing of orthodontic treatment","volume":"50","author":"J Singer","year":"1980","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"44","article-title":"The correlation of facial growth with body height and skeletal maturation at adolescence","volume":"36","author":"CJ Hunter","year":"1966","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"87","article-title":"The timing of treatment for Class II malocclusions in children: a literature review","volume":"60","author":"GJ King","year":"1990","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.10.025","article-title":"Mini-implant anchorage for en-masse retractionof maxillary anterior teeth: A clinical cephalometric study","volume":"134","author":"M Upadhyay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"703","article-title":"Sliding mechanics with microscrew implant anchorage","volume":"74","author":"HS Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90277-1","article-title":"Facial development and tooth eruption: An implant study at the age of puberty","volume":"4","author":"A Bj\u00f6rk","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2013.12.006","article-title":"Class II Malocclusion: The aftermath of A \u201cPerfect Storm\u201d","volume":"20","author":"AK Tsourakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Orthod"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2008.01430.x","article-title":"The effect of maximum bite force on alveolar bone morphology","volume":"12","author":"U Thongudomporn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.odw.2006.08.003","article-title":"Relationship between masticatory function, dental arch width, and bucco-lingual inclination of the first molar","volume":"65","author":"R Hayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Orthod Waves"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90268-0","article-title":"The six keys to normal occlusion","volume":"62","author":"LF Andrews","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e109561","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109561","article-title":"Factors Predisposing to Maxillary Anchorage Loss: A Retrospective Study of 1403 Cases","volume":"9","author":"H Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.119978","article-title":"Transition of molar relationships in different skeletal growth patterns","volume":"121","author":"YE Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90277-1","article-title":"Facial development and tooth eruption: an implant study at the age of puberty","volume":"62","author":"V Skieller","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/ijos.2014.15","article-title":"Compensation trends of the angulation of first molars: retrospective study of 1403 malocclusion cases","volume":"6","author":"H Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"90","article-title":"An occlusal and cephalometric analysis of maxillary first and second premolar extraction effects","volume":"71","author":"HB Ong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.11.033","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of the tooth movement and arch dimension changes in Class I malocclusions treated with first premolar extractions: a guideline for virtual treatment planning","volume":"138","author":"MY Cho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"544.e1","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial comparing control of maxillary anchorage with 2 retraction techniques","volume":"138","author":"TM Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"407","article-title":"Comparison of finite element analysis of the closing patterns between first and second premolar extraction spaces","volume":"37","author":"S Koh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.118784","article-title":"Influence of patient age and sex on orthodontic treatment: Evaluations of Begg lightwire, standard edgewise, and straightwire techniques","volume":"120","author":"Jeremy R. McKinney","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Physiologic anchorage control: a new orthodontic concept and its clinical application","author":"TM Xu","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"486.e1","article-title":"Percentiles relative to maxillary permanent canine inclination by age: A radiologic study","volume":"136","author":"G Bonetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"414","article-title":"Eruption of the permanent upper canine: A radiologic study","volume":"113","author":"E Ferndndez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.2.171","article-title":"Normal eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions","volume":"19","author":"J Coulter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Europ J Orthod"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"224","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: a study of age factor and prevalence in anterior teeth","volume":"22","author":"YL Tian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq178","article-title":"Effects of intrusion combined with anterior retraction on apical root resorption","volume":"34","author":"RM D\u00e9cio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90323-5","article-title":"A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening","volume":"96","author":"WM McFadden","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"265","article-title":"The relationship between apical root resorption and orthodontic tooth movement in growing subjects","volume":"37","author":"TM Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Stomatol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80016-3","article-title":"Apical root resorption in orthodontically treated adults","volume":"110","author":"S Baumrind","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(91)70092-B","article-title":"Age effects on orthodontics treatment: adolescents contrasted with adults","volume":"100","author":"GS Dyer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(91)70093-C","article-title":"Age effects on orthodontics treatment: assessments from the Johnston analysis","volume":"100","author":"EF Harris","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197281","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T01:12:04Z","timestamp":1540343524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197281"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Sompop","family":"Bencharit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197281","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]}}}