{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T18:03:38Z","timestamp":1789236218490,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]],"date-time":"2018-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007210","name":"RWTH Aachen University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Start-Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Start-Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007210","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]],"date-time":"2018-06-06T17:28:39Z","timestamp":1528306119000},"page":"e0197598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Olfactory functioning in adults with Tourette syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6280-4608","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Kronenbuerger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Belenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justus","family":"Ilgner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Freiherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Neuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23977","article-title":"Sensory sensitivity to external stimuli in Tourette syndrome patients","volume":"26","author":"BA Belluscio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"821","article-title":"Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders in childhood, adolescence and adulthood","volume":"109","author":"AG Ludolph","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411546-0.00002-0","article-title":"Functional neuroanatomy of tics","volume":"113","author":"I Neuner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70213-8","article-title":"Sensory aspects of movement disorders","volume":"13","author":"N Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2014.11.005","article-title":"Tourette Syndrome: Update","volume":"37","author":"M Hallett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.189","article-title":"Olfactory function improves following hemodialysis","volume":"80","author":"BN Landis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26229","article-title":"Patterns of olfactory impairment reflect underlying disease etiology","volume":"127","author":"KL Whitcroft","year":"2017","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000242733.18534.2c","article-title":"Altered mesolimbocortical and thalamic dopamine in Tourette syndrome","volume":"67","author":"DL Gilbert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12387","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0150-11.2011","article-title":"Neurobiology of tourette syndrome: current status and need for further Investigation","volume":"31","author":"RJ Felling","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.11.1281","article-title":"Morphologic features of the amygdala and hippocampus in children and adults with Tourette syndrome","volume":"64","author":"BS Peterson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.030","article-title":"Statistical localization of human olfactory cortex","volume":"66","author":"J Seubert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1124025","article-title":"The olfactory system and its disorders","volume":"1","author":"RL Doty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"931","article-title":"The human olfactory system. Anatomy and physiology","volume":"77","author":"J Albrecht","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22338","article-title":"Olfaction: anatomy, physiology, and disease","volume":"27","author":"RM Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.01.007","article-title":"Dissociable codes of odor quality and odorant structure in human piriform cortex","volume":"49","author":"JA Gottfried","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00684-0","article-title":"Comparative aspects of the olfactory portion of the entorhinal cortex and its projection to the hippocampus in rodents, nonhuman primates, and the human brain","volume":"57","author":"R Insausti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8903","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1569-05.2005","article-title":"Integrated neural representations of odor intensity and affective valence in human amygdala","volume":"25","author":"JS Winston","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01036.2010","article-title":"The human brain representation of odor identification","volume":"108","author":"G Kjelvik","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81209-X","article-title":"Olfactory functions are mediated by parallel and hierarchical processing","volume":"26","author":"I Savic","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs230","article-title":"Orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory bulb volume predict distinct aspects of olfactory performance in healthy subjects","volume":"23","author":"J Seubert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-012-0855-2","article-title":"A systematic review on olfaction in child and adolescent psychiatric disorders","volume":"120","author":"M Schecklmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411546-0.00003-2","article-title":"Functional imaging of dopaminergic neurotransmission in Tourette syndrome","volume":"112","author":"B Segura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21809","article-title":"Extrastriatal dopaminergic dysfunction in tourette syndrome","volume":"67","author":"TD Steeves","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300408","article-title":"Abnormal dopamine uptake sites in postmortem striatum from patients with Tourette&apos;s syndrome","volume":"30","author":"HS Singer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(04)00343-9","article-title":"Olfactory perception, communication, and the nose-to-brain pathway","volume":"83","author":"U Stockhorst","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws104","article-title":"Widespread abnormality of the \u03b3-aminobutyric acid-ergic system in Tourette syndrome","volume":"135","author":"A Lerner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411546-0.00004-4","article-title":"Nondopaminergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome","volume":"112","author":"PT Udvardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00060.2015","article-title":"Reduced GABAergic inhibition and abnormal sensory symptoms in children with Tourette syndrome","volume":"114","author":"NA Puts","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.11.028","article-title":"Glutamatergic modulatory therapy for Tourette syndrome","volume":"74","author":"HS Singer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300585","article-title":"The Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: the current status","volume":"97","author":"MM Robertson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory","volume":"9","author":"RC Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2008.12.005","article-title":"Prevalence of smell loss in Parkinson&apos;s disease\u2014a multicenter study","volume":"15","author":"A Haehner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0173-0","article-title":"Normative data for the &quot;Sniffin&apos; Sticks&quot; including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: an upgrade based on a group of more than 3,000 subjects","volume":"264","author":"T Hummel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.8.1237","article-title":"Olfactory dysfunction in parkinsonism: a general deficit unrelated to neurologic signs, disease stage, or disease duration","volume":"38","author":"RL Doty","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198907000-00015","article-title":"The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity","volume":"28","author":"JF Leckman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Tourette&apos;s Syndrome\u2014Tics, Obsessions, Compulsions: Developmental Psychopathology and Clinical Care","author":"JF Leckman","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017","article-title":"The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report","volume":"13","author":"LR Derogatis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"987","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Wender-Utah-Rating-Scale short form. Retrospective assessment of symptoms for attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"74","author":"P Retz-Junginger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/h0039980","article-title":"Trial making test as a screening device for the detection of brain damage","volume":"22","author":"EC Brown","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Consult Psychol"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"89","article-title":"Development of a HAWIE (Hamburg Wechsler Intelligence Test for Adults) short form for examination and assessment","volume":"132","author":"W Demut","year":"1983","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.01.006","article-title":"Quantitative Sensory Testing in adults with Tourette syndrome","volume":"24","author":"O Schunke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino16.248","article-title":"Position paper on olfactory dysfunction","volume":"54","author":"T Hummel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8227-8","article-title":"Olfaction as a marker for depression","volume":"264","author":"I Croy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2006.00502.x","article-title":"Odor identification accuracy declines following 24 h of sleep deprivation","volume":"15","author":"WD Killgore","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93275-R","article-title":"Preliminary diagnosis of Parkinson&apos;s disease by olfactory bulb pathology","volume":"340","author":"SE Daniel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.01.069","article-title":"Frontal dopaminergic abnormality in Tourette syndrome: a postmortem analysis","volume":"255","author":"DY Yoon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"223","article-title":"Factors Associated with Inaccurate Self-Reporting of Olfactory Dysfunction in Older US Adults","volume":"42","author":"DR Adams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/50B.4.P187","article-title":"Unawareness of smell loss in normal aging and Alzheimer&apos;s disease: discrepancy between self-reported and diagnosed smell sensitivity","volume":"50","author":"S Nordin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2307\/1423337","article-title":"The relationship between metacognitive awareness of olfactory ability and age in people reporting chemosensory disturbances","volume":"116","author":"TL White","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Psychol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1159\/000323448","article-title":"Altered frontal and temporal brain function during olfactory stimulation in adult attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"63","author":"M Schecklmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2012.11.017","article-title":"Relationship of olfactory function with olfactory bulbus volume, disease duration and Unified Parkinson&apos;s disease rating scale scores in patients with early stage of idiopathic Parkinson&apos;s disease","volume":"20","author":"HA Hakyemez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-0248-4","article-title":"Olfactory dysfunction in cerebellar ataxia and multiple system atrophy","volume":"250","author":"M Abele","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5656-7","article-title":"Involvement of the human ventrolateral thalamus in olfaction","volume":"257","author":"S Zobel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.10.1435","article-title":"Olfactory dysfunction in degenerative ataxias","volume":"74","author":"T Connelly","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"191","article-title":"Cognitive functioning in Tourette syndrome","volume":"8","author":"AE Cavanna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2005.04.010","article-title":"Assessing olfaction in the neuropsychological exam: the relationship between odor identification and cognition in older adults","volume":"20","author":"HJ Westervelt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2016.01.004","article-title":"Metacognitive knowledge of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson&apos;s disease","volume":"104","author":"TL White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.55.1.75","article-title":"The Adult Sensory Profile: measuring patterns of sensory processing","volume":"55","author":"C Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197598","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T05:10:31Z","timestamp":1604380231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197598"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Sch\u00f6pf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0197598","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]]}}}