{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:27:04Z","timestamp":1789586824798,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AA22999"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA22999"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37 AA11085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 AA11085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32 AA0024364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32 AA0024364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DK007665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DK007665"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK0088210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK0088210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Associate Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T14:02:50Z","timestamp":1530194570000},"page":"e0199213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Does prenatal alcohol exposure cause a metabolic syndrome? (Non-)evidence from a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Robyn M.","family":"Amos-Kroohs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A.","family":"Hacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7408-7503","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chi-Liang Eric","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4782-6857","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3319","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"134","author":"PA May","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-015-0053-7","article-title":"What happens when children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders become adults?","volume":"2","author":"EM Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Dev Disord Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01345-8","article-title":"Comorbidity of fetal alcohol specturm disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"387","author":"S Popova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01810.x","article-title":"2012. Effects of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and iron deficiency anemia on child growth and body composition through age 9 years","volume":"36","author":"RC Carter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01940.x","article-title":"2013. Fetal alcohol-related growth restriction from birth through young adulthood and moderating effects of maternal prepregnancy weight","volume":"37","author":"RC Carter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-0775","article-title":"Fetal Alcohol Growth Restriction and Cognitive Impairment","volume":"138","author":"RC Carter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1253555","article-title":"Small for gestational age and higher birth weight predict childhood obesity in preterm infants","volume":"27","author":"RB Gaskins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02459.x","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure predicts continued deficits in offspring size at 14 years of age","volume":"26","author":"NL Day","year":"2002","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.11.044","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adulthood","volume":"150","author":"HL Spohr","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.9.1421","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure, birthweight, and measures of child size from birth to age 14 years","volume":"84","author":"PD Sampson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Pub Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2003.07.017","article-title":"Body mass index in fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"25","author":"MG Klug","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurotox Teratol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12284","article-title":"Inappropriate feeding behaviors and dietary intakes in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder or probable prenatal alcohol exposure","volume":"38","author":"RL Werts","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12516","article-title":"Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders","volume":"38","author":"AJ Fuglestad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90189-8","article-title":"Natural history of the fetal alcohol syndrome: a 10-year follow-up of eleven patients","volume":"2","author":"AP Streissguth","year":"1985","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460150065025","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome in adolescents and adults","volume":"265","author":"AP Streissguth","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1038\/nutd.2012.31","article-title":"Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure increases adiposity and disrupts pancreatic morphology in adult guinea pig offspring","volume":"2","author":"CC Dobson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr Diab"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2003.50073","article-title":"Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on glucose tolerance in the rat offspring","volume":"52","author":"L Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Metab Clin Exp"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00751.2003","article-title":"Whole body insulin resistance in rat offspring of mothers consuming alcohol during pregnancy or lactation: comparing prenatal and postnatal exposure","volume":"96","author":"L Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1926","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00822.2006","article-title":"Abnormal glucose homeostasis in adult female rat offspring after intrauterine ethanol exposure","volume":"292","author":"X-H Yao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220623","article-title":"Glucose intolerance and resistin expression in rat offspring exposed to ethanol in utero: modulation by postnatal high-fat diet","volume":"144","author":"L Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11200","article-title":"A rodent model of low- to moderate-dose ethanol consumption during pregnancy: patterns of ethanol consumption and effects on fetal and offspring growth","volume":"24","author":"ME Probyn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Fert Dev"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"The effects of periconceptional maternal alcohol intake and a postnatal high-fat diet on obesity and liver disease in male and female rat offspring","author":"EM Gardebjer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59718","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059718","article-title":"Impact of low dose prenatal ethanol exposure on glucose homeostasis in Sprague-Dawley rats aged up to eight months","volume":"8","author":"ME Probyn","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2014.09.001","article-title":"Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure alters expression of central and peripheral insulin signaling molecules in adult guinea pig offspring","volume":"48","author":"CC Dobson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R554","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00076.2003","article-title":"Insulin resistance of gluconeogenic pathways in neonatal rats after prenatal ethanol exposure","volume":"286","author":"L Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Reg Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01115.2005","article-title":"Adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol have increased gluconeogenesis and impaired insulin response of hepatic gluconeogenic genes","volume":"100","author":"XH Yao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59680","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059680","article-title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure causes glucose intolerance with increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and histone deacetylases in adult rat offspring: reversal by tauroursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"8","author":"X-H Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.01.023","article-title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure enhances the susceptibility to metabolic syndrome in offspring rats by HPA axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programming","volume":"226","author":"LP Xia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tox Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00007.2014","article-title":"Gene-environment interactions controlling energy and glucose homeostasis and the developmental origins of obesity","volume":"95","author":"S Bouret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153245","article-title":"Fetal programming and metabolic syndrome","volume":"74","author":"P Rinaudo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E83","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2000.279.1.E83","article-title":"Fetal origins of hyperphagia, obesity, and hypertension and postnatal amplification by hypercaloric nutrition","volume":"279","author":"MH Vickers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.10.049","article-title":"Abnormal Eating Behaviors Are Common in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder","volume":"169","author":"RM Amos-Kroohs","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2013.06.005","article-title":"Inadequate intake of nutrients essential for neurodevelopment in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)","volume":"39","author":"AJ Fuglestad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotox Teratol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3211","article-title":"Unraveling the brain regulation of appetite: lessons from genetics","volume":"15","author":"GS Yeo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neursci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.04.007","article-title":"Relative reinforcing value of food and delayed reward discounting in obesity and disordered eating: A systematic review","volume":"55","author":"MMK Stojek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.12.002","article-title":"Why is obesity such a problem in the 21st century? The intersection of palatable food, cues and reward pathways, stress, and cognition","volume":"58","author":"MJ Morris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13114","article-title":"Alcohol-Induced Developmental Origins of Adult-Onset Diseases","volume":"40","author":"ER Lunde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M016840","article-title":"Deficiency of MGAT2 increases energy expenditure without high-fat feeding and protects genetically obese mice from excessive weight gain","volume":"52","author":"DW Nelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M035493","article-title":"Intestine-specific expression of MOGAT2 partially restores metabolic efficiency in Mogat2-deficient mice","volume":"54","author":"Y Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17338","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.555961","article-title":"Intestine-specific deletion of acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT) 2 protects mice from diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance","volume":"289","author":"DW Nelson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref41","first-page":"H1137","article-title":"Measurement of intraventricular pressure and cardiac performance in the intact closed-chest anesthetized mouse","volume":"272","author":"JN Lorenz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2015.07.015","article-title":"Effects of developmental exposure to manganese and\/or low iron diet: Changes to metal transporters, sucrose preference, elevated zero-maze, open-field, and locomotion in response to fenfluramine, amphetamine, and MK-801","volume":"2","author":"RM Amos-Kroohs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tox Report"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010040368","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to alcohol reduces nephron number and raises blood pressure in progeny","volume":"21","author":"SP Gray","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R568","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90316.2008","article-title":"Repeated ethanol exposure during late gestation decreases nephron endowment in fetal sheep","volume":"295","author":"SP Gray","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Reg Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20729","article-title":"Postnatal growth restriction and gene expression changes in a mouse model of fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"88","author":"N Kaminen-Ahola","year":"2010","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A, Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000811","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000811","article-title":"Maternal ethanol consumption alters the epigenotype and the phenotype of offspring in a mouse model","volume":"6","author":"N Kaminen-Ahola","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01644.x","article-title":"A limited access mouse model of prenatal alcohol exposure that produces long-lasting deficits in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory","volume":"36","author":"ML Brady","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2962","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12577","article-title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure impairs executive function in mice into adulthood","volume":"38","author":"K Marquardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(97)87950-5","article-title":"Ethanol teratogenesis in the C57BL\/6J, DBA\/2J, and A\/J inbred mouse strains","volume":"14","author":"SL Boehm 2nd","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1806","article-title":"A guide to analysis of mouse energy metabolism","volume":"9","author":"MH Tschop","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5348","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0582","article-title":"Maternal and postnatal overnutrition differentially impact appetite regulators and fuel metabolism","volume":"149","author":"H Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3546","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3083","article-title":"Maternal obesity and increased nutrient intake before and during gestation in the ewe results in altered growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in adult offspring","volume":"88","author":"NM Long","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0120980","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120980","article-title":"Effects of maternal diet and exercise during pregnancy on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and fat of weanling rats","volume":"10","author":"M Raipuria","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals","year":"1995"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(91)90084-A","article-title":"Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure at school age. I. Physical and cognitive development","volume":"13","author":"CD Coles","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurotox Teratol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01952.x","article-title":"CIFASD. Further development of a neurobehavioral profile of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"37","author":"SN Mattson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13307","article-title":"Differential Recruitment of Brain Regions During Response Inhibition in Children Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol","volume":"41","author":"VN Kodali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0199213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T12:06:35Z","timestamp":1540209995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0199213"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0199213","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]}}}