{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:08:25Z","timestamp":1788473305035,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]],"date-time":"2018-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH083807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH083807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA027487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA027487"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 DA018310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 DA018310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"U.S.D.A","award":["NIFAILLU-538-909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIFAILLU-538-909"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]],"date-time":"2018-08-15T13:30:51Z","timestamp":1534339851000},"page":"e0201553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Striatal transcriptome of a mouse model of ADHD reveals a pattern of synaptic remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anastasia M.","family":"Sorokina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Saul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tassia M.","family":"Goncalves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph V.","family":"Gogola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Majdak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra L.","family":"Rodriguez-Zas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4871-4331","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Justin S.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/15433714.2010.525402","article-title":"Adderall abuse on college campuses: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"9","author":"MD Varga","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Evid Based Soc Work"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.54.5.261-268","article-title":"Stimulant medication use, misuse, and abuse in an undergraduate and graduate student sample","volume":"54","author":"BP White","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.1044","article-title":"Use of stimulant medication for treatment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: A survey of middle and high school students\u2019 attitudes","volume":"38","author":"S Moline","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychology in the Schools"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.024","article-title":"Molecular genetics of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"57","author":"SV Faraone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-009-0663-4","article-title":"Genome-wide association studies in ADHD","volume":"126","author":"B Franke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.005","article-title":"Molecular genetic studies of ADHD and its candidate genes: a review","volume":"219","author":"Z Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"993","article-title":"Association of attention-deficit disorder and the dopamine transporter gene","volume":"56","author":"EH Cook Jr.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.589","article-title":"Volumetric MRI analysis comparing subjects having attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal controls","volume":"48","author":"PA Filipek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.01.005","article-title":"Brain development and ADHD","volume":"26","author":"AL Krain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.1087","article-title":"Cerebellum in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a morphometric MRI study","volume":"50","author":"PC Berquin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.011","article-title":"Meta-analysis of structural imaging findings in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"61","author":"EM Valera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00083-9","article-title":"Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder revealed by fMRI and the Counting Stroop","volume":"45","author":"G Bush","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39472","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39472","article-title":"A new mouse model of ADHD for medication development","volume":"6","author":"P Majdak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.07.033","article-title":"The impact of maternal neglect on genetic hyperactivity","volume":"313","author":"P Majdak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.6","article-title":"A common variant of the latrophilin 3 gene, LPHN3, confers susceptibility to ADHD and predicts effectiveness of stimulant medication","volume":"15","author":"M Arcos-Burgos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13005","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.347419","article-title":"The Amotl2 gene inhibits Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling and regulates embryonic development in zebrafish","volume":"287","author":"Z Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.04.053","article-title":"Initial characterization of mice null for Lphn3, a gene implicated in ADHD and addiction","volume":"1463","author":"D Wallis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8104-9-7","article-title":"LPHN3, a presynaptic adhesion-GPCR implicated in ADHD, regulates the strength of neocortical layer 2\/3 synaptic input to layer 5","volume":"9","author":"ML O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Dev"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-008-9135-8","article-title":"The Collaborative Cross at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: developing a powerful resource for systems genetics","volume":"19","author":"EJ Chesler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mamm Genome"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1089\/104454601750143384","article-title":"Long-term effects of stimulant medications on the brain: possible relevance to the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"11","author":"B Vitiello","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12347","article-title":"High motivation for exercise is associated with altered chromatin regulators of monoamine receptor gene expression in the striatum of selectively bred mice","volume":"16","author":"MC Saul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the royal statistical society Series B (Methodological)"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559","article-title":"WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis","volume":"9","author":"P Langfelder","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284844","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of synaptophysin-based methods for quantification of synapses","volume":"25","author":"ME Calhoun","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of neurocytology"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21909","article-title":"Synaptic number changes in the medial prefrontal cortex across adolescence in male and female rats: a role for pubertal onset","volume":"70","author":"CM Drzewiecki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31824d1fc4","article-title":"Effects of long-term treatment with estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate on synapse number in the medial prefrontal cortex of aged female rats","volume":"19","author":"NC Chisholm","year":"2012","journal-title":"Menopause (New York, NY)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1987.tb02837.x","article-title":"The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its prediction","volume":"147","author":"H Gundersen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of microscopy"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Paxinos and Franklin\u2019s the mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates","author":"G Paxinos","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00250","article-title":"Role of Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and methylglyoxal (MG) in behavior: recent advances and mechanistic insights","volume":"3","author":"MG Distler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.2658311","article-title":"Pseudogenes: Pseudo-functional or key regulators in health and disease?","volume":"17","author":"RC Pink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rna"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.03.011","article-title":"Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder-like Phenotype in a Mouse Model with Impaired Actin Dynamics","volume":"78","author":"AM Zimmermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4307","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2010.192","article-title":"The RASSF8 candidate tumor suppressor inhibits cell growth and regulates the Wnt and NF-kappaB signaling pathways","volume":"29","author":"FE Lock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00637-8","article-title":"The crystal structure of the beta-catenin\/ICAT complex reveals the inhibitory mechanism of ICAT","volume":"10","author":"TA Graham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12674","article-title":"Collapsin response-mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) phosphorylation at threonine 516 regulates neurite outgrowth inhibition","volume":"40","author":"S Brot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rs8","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2001699","article-title":"A directed protein interaction network for investigating intracellular signal transduction","volume":"4","author":"A Vinayagam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s11689-011-9083-6","article-title":"Synaptic Wnt signaling-a contributor to major psychiatric disorders?","volume":"3","author":"ND Okerlund","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurodev Disord"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000077936","article-title":"Association study of -1727 A\/T, -50 C\/T and (CAA)n repeat GSK-3beta gene polymorphisms with schizophrenia","volume":"50","author":"C Scassellati","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.01.014","article-title":"Genetic association study of KREMEN1 and DKK1 and schizophrenia in a Japanese population","volume":"118","author":"B Aleksic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30498","article-title":"Increase in GSK3beta gene copy number variation in bipolar disorder","volume":"144B","author":"HM Lachman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145705006097","article-title":"Psychotropic drugs affect Ser9-phosphorylated GSK-3 beta protein levels in rodent frontal cortex","volume":"9","author":"N Kozlovsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03388.x","article-title":"The effects of antipsychotics on beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3 and dishevelled in the ventral midbrain of rats","volume":"95","author":"H Alimohamad","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1997.8552","article-title":"Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway: a molecular mechanism for lithium action","volume":"185","author":"CM Hedgepeth","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125649","article-title":"Wnt signaling in neural circuit assembly","volume":"31","author":"PC Salinas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.07.001","article-title":"Cadherins and catenins at synapses: roles in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity","volume":"31","author":"J Arikkath","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2755","article-title":"Emerging roles of Wnts in the adult nervous system","volume":"11","author":"NC Inestrosa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18338","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1249-11.2011","article-title":"Role of the glyoxalase system in astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection","volume":"31","author":"M B\u00e9langer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2004.01.008","article-title":"Dietary patterns and blood fatty acid composition in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Taiwan","volume":"15","author":"JR Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-7-8","article-title":"Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents: a case-control study","volume":"7","author":"AL Colter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1177\/000992288702600805","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and serum essential fatty acid levels in hyperactive children","volume":"26","author":"EA Mitchell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-5931(97)80015-4","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists","volume":"1","author":"TM Willson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr Opin Chem Biol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2004.09.032","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is expressed in hippocampal neurons and its activation prevents beta-amyloid neurodegeneration: role of Wnt signaling","volume":"304","author":"NC Inestrosa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Experimental Cell Research"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2011.08.004","article-title":"The ATP-grasp enzymes","volume":"39","author":"MV Fawaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioorganic Chemistry"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.65.070196.001325","article-title":"Protein prenylation: Molecular mechanisms and functional consequences","volume":"65","author":"FL Zhang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annual Review of Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"The Role of ADHD Associated Genes in Neurodevelopment","author":"C Dark","year":"2018","journal-title":"Developmental biology"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30216","article-title":"DNA pooling analysis of ADHD and genes regulating vesicle release of neurotransmitters","volume":"139","author":"KJ Brookes","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30049-4","article-title":"Subcortical brain volume differences in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults: a cross-sectional mega-analysis","volume":"4","author":"M Hoogman","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.04.042","article-title":"Ventral striatal hyporesponsiveness during reward anticipation in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"61","author":"A Scheres","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biological psychiatry"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201553","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T06:06:23Z","timestamp":1571724383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201553"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kavushansky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201553","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,15]]}}}