{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:49:00Z","timestamp":1782514140952,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"None declared"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T17:46:06Z","timestamp":1541007966000},"page":"e0206087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9355-6491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gundula","family":"Behrens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Niedermaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Berneburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael F.","family":"Leitzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27616","article-title":"International trends in the incidence of malignant melanoma 1953-2008\u2014are recent generations at higher or lower risk?","volume":"132","author":"F Erdmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of cancer Journal international du cancer"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.47.3728","article-title":"Melanoma epidemic: an analysis of six decades of data from the Connecticut Tumor Registry","volume":"31","author":"AC Geller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25996","article-title":"Time trends and latitudinal differences in melanoma thickness distribution in Australia, 1990\u20132006","volume":"130","author":"P Baade","year":"2012","journal-title":"International journal of cancer Journal international du cancer"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.09.008","article-title":"Increasing time trends of thin melanomas in The Netherlands: What are the explanations of recent accelerations?","volume":"51","author":"RJ van der Leest","year":"2015","journal-title":"European journal of cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.09.007","article-title":"Population exposure to ultraviolet radiation in Finland 1920\u20131995: Exposure trends and a time-series analysis of exposure and cutaneous melanoma incidence","volume":"101","author":"K Kojo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environmental research"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2016.143","article-title":"Unexpected UVR and non-UVR mutation burden in some acral and cutaneous melanomas","volume":"97","author":"RV Rawson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.04.018","article-title":"Melanoma in immunosuppressed patients","volume":"87","author":"AW Kubica","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic proceedings"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/1477-3163.62141","article-title":"Melanoma: Stem cells, sun exposure and hallmarks for carcinogenesis, molecular concepts and future clinical implications","volume":"9","author":"A Kyrgidis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2004.09.013","article-title":"Inflammation, gene mutation and photoimmunosuppression in response to UVR-induced oxidative damage contributes to photocarcinogenesis","volume":"571","author":"GM Halliday","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mutation research"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-095999","article-title":"Effect of exercise training on C reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials","volume":"51","author":"MV Fedewa","year":"2017","journal-title":"British journal of sports medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0212-9","article-title":"Effects of Physical Exercise on Markers of Cellular Immunosenescence: A Systematic Review","volume":"100","author":"H Cao Dinh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Calcified tissue international"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0566-1","article-title":"The Antioxidant Effect of Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"47","author":"CV de Sousa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2012-0278","article-title":"Recent physical activity in relation to DNA damage and repair using the comet assay","volume":"11","author":"SW Cash","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of physical activity & health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"339","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.10.239","article-title":"Lifetime physical activity and cancer incidence\u2014a cohort study of male former elite athletes in Finland","volume":"17","author":"J Sormunen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of science and medicine in sport \/ Sports Medicine Australia"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8878","article-title":"Cancer incidence among Finnish world class male athletes","volume":"21","author":"E Pukkala","year":"2000","journal-title":"International journal of sports medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.81.5.639","article-title":"Physical activity on the job and cancer in Missouri","volume":"81","author":"RC Brownson","year":"1991","journal-title":"American journal of public health"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051333","article-title":"Occupational physical activity, socioeconomic status, and risks of 15 cancer sites in Turkey","volume":"4","author":"M Dosemeci","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer causes & control: CCC"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1043","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of site-specific cancers: a long-term prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"TE Robsahm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.1548","article-title":"Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity With Risk of 26 Types of Cancer in 1.44 Million Adults","volume":"176","author":"SC Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA internal medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/45.1.312","article-title":"Physical activity and incidence of cancer in diverse populations: a preliminary report","volume":"45","author":"RS Paffenbarger Jr.","year":"1987","journal-title":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19970516)71:4<600::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Diet and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma: a prospective study of 50,757 Norwegian men and women","volume":"71","author":"MB Veierod","year":"1997","journal-title":"International journal of cancer Journal international du cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm464","article-title":"Melanoma risk in association with serum leptin levels and lifestyle parameters: a case-control study","volume":"19","author":"H Gogas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of oncology: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology \/ ESMO"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04432.x","article-title":"Outdoor activities in childhood: a protective factor for cutaneous melanoma? Results of a case-control study in 271 matched pairs","volume":"145","author":"P Kaskel","year":"2001","journal-title":"The British journal of dermatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0b013e32832e0bae","article-title":"Occupational physical activity and risk of malignant melanoma: the Western Canada Melanoma Study","volume":"19","author":"TK Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Melanoma research"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2010.09.004","article-title":"Occupational and recreational physical activity during adult life and the risk of cancer among men","volume":"35","author":"ME Parent","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer epidemiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011211615524","article-title":"Melanoma risk in relation to height, weight, and exercise (United States)","volume":"12","author":"AR Shors","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer causes & control: CCC"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.10.014","article-title":"Influence of sedentary behavior, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness on the atherogenic index of plasma","volume":"11","author":"MK Edwards","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of clinical lipidology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2013-0048","article-title":"Serum metabolites related to cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity energy expenditure, sedentary time and vigorous activity","volume":"24","author":"A Wientzek","year":"2014","journal-title":"International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1187","article-title":"Does the association of habitual physical activity with the metabolic syndrome differ by level of cardiorespiratory fitness?","volume":"27","author":"PW Franks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000251167.75581.98","article-title":"Physical activity and breast cancer: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"EM Monninkhof","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.3109\/09553002.2010.501842","article-title":"Solar radiation induced skin damage: review of protective and preventive options","volume":"86","author":"A Svobodova","year":"2010","journal-title":"International journal of radiation biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12246.x","article-title":"The influence of painful sunburns and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, seborrheic warts, melanocytic nevi, atypical nevi, and skin cancer","volume":"120","author":"C Kennedy","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of investigative dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19990215)18:3<321::AID-SIM28>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Meta-analysis: formulating, evaluating, combining, and reporting","volume":"18","author":"SL Normand","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"CB Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"7109","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"M Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria2016."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03","article-title":"Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package","volume":"36","author":"W. Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0108","article-title":"Estimating the attributable fraction for cancer: A meta-analysis of nevi and melanoma","volume":"3","author":"CM Olsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer prevention research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.015","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: I. Common and atypical naevi","volume":"41","author":"S Gandini","year":"2005","journal-title":"European journal of cancer"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.05.009","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma according to anatomical site and clinico-pathological variant","volume":"45","author":"S Caini","year":"2009","journal-title":"European journal of cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2008.04.006","article-title":"Sunburns and risk of cutaneous melanoma: does age matter? A comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"LK Dennis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of epidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2010.535846","article-title":"Spatial density of primary malignant melanoma in sun-shielded body sites: A potential guide to melanoma genesis","volume":"50","author":"BK Ragnarsson-Olding","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta oncologica"},{"issue":"58","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98876","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.22016","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma primary site is linked to nevus density","volume":"8","author":"A Martin-Gorgojo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.11.806","article-title":"Melanocytic nevi, solar keratoses, and divergent pathways to cutaneous melanoma","volume":"95","author":"DC Whiteman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0116863","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116863","article-title":"Height and bone mineral density are associated with naevus count supporting the importance of growth in melanoma susceptibility","volume":"10","author":"S Ribero","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2014-102681","article-title":"DCAF4, a novel gene associated with leucocyte telomere length","volume":"52","author":"M Mangino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of medical genetics"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2015.02.004","article-title":"Effects of physical activity in telomere length: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"E Mundstock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ageing research reviews"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18122573","article-title":"Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association?","volume":"18","author":"W Chilton","year":"2017","journal-title":"International journal of molecular sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13297","article-title":"Associations between benign cutaneous nevi and risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in men and women: results from two prospective cohort studies","volume":"34","author":"H Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association"},{"key":"ref52","unstructured":"Sport New Zealand. Sport and Active Recreation in the Lives of New Zealand Adults. 2013\/14 Active New Zealand Survey Results. 2015: last accessed on 19 September 2018 under <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/sportnz.org.nz\/assets\/Uploads\/attachments\/managing-sport\/research\/Sport-and-Active-Recreation-in-the-lives-of-New-Zealand-Adults.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/sportnz.org.nz\/assets\/Uploads\/attachments\/managing-sport\/research\/Sport-and-Active-Recreation-in-the-lives-of-New-Zealand-Adults.pdf<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn163","article-title":"Frequency of leisure-time physical activity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the US population: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"168","author":"R Scragg","year":"2008","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0928","article-title":"Familial melanoma: a meta-analysis and estimates of attributable fraction","volume":"19","author":"CM Olsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12492","article-title":"Emerging trends in the epidemiology of melanoma","volume":"170","author":"V Nikolaou","year":"2014","journal-title":"The British journal of dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.08.028","article-title":"Obesity and risk of malignant melanoma: a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies","volume":"49","author":"TN Sergentanis","year":"2013","journal-title":"European journal of cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56415","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056415","article-title":"The effect of exercise on visceral adipose tissue in overweight adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"D Vissers","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0321-z","article-title":"The impact of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on vascular function: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"JS Ramos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0b013e3182122827","article-title":"Impact of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training on markers of inflammation","volume":"31","author":"CJ Lavie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-016-0580-7","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Atherosclerosis: Recent Data and Future Directions","volume":"18","author":"E Mehanna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current atherosclerosis reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv056","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory Capacity and Leukocyte Telomere Length Among Adults in the United States","volume":"182","author":"PD Loprinzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2014.02.018","article-title":"The association between demographic and behavioral characteristics and sunburn among U.S. adults\u2014National Health Interview Survey, 2010","volume":"63","author":"DM Holman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Preventive medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1963","article-title":"Prospective observational study of physical functioning, physical activity, and time outdoors and the risk of hip fracture: a population-based cohort study of 158,057 older adults in the 45 and up study","volume":"28","author":"JK Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1071\/HE12052","article-title":"Does physical activity increase the risk of unsafe sun exposure?","volume":"23","author":"A Jardine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health promotion journal of Australia: official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.05.029","article-title":"Outdoor time is associated with physical activity, sedentary time, and cardiorespiratory fitness in youth","volume":"165","author":"L Schaefer","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of pediatrics"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2156-9-31","article-title":"Nucleotide diversity and population differentiation of the melanocortin 1 receptor gene, MC1R","volume":"9","author":"SA Savage","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC genetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.5.6.795","article-title":"Walking, cycling, and obesity rates in Europe, North America, and Australia","volume":"5","author":"DR Bassett Jr.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of physical activity & health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"ref68","first-page":"233","article-title":"Acute skin sun damage in children and its consequences in adults","volume":"34","author":"N Pustisek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Collegium antropologicum"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0705","article-title":"Melanoma risk in relation to use of sunscreen or other sun protection methods","volume":"20","author":"D Lazovich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn363","article-title":"Recall bias in melanoma risk factors and measurement error effects: a nested case-control study within the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study","volume":"169","author":"CL Parr","year":"2009","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl197","article-title":"Risk factors for skin cancers: a nested case-control study within the Nurses&apos; Health Study","volume":"35","author":"J Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"International journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117367","article-title":"Reliability of reported sunburn history in a case-control study of cutaneous malignant melanoma","volume":"141","author":"M Berwick","year":"1995","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115868","article-title":"Recall (report) bias and reliability in the retrospective assessment of melanoma risk","volume":"133","author":"MA Weinstock","year":"1991","journal-title":"American journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1177\/030089160809400504","article-title":"Diet and melanoma risk: effects of choice of hospital versus population controls","volume":"94","author":"C Malagoli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-148","article-title":"Determinants of non- response to a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the EPIC-PANACEA study","volume":"12","author":"AM May","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC medical research methodology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(02)00257-0","article-title":"Survey non-response in the Netherlands: effects on prevalence estimates and associations","volume":"13","author":"AJ Van Loon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940601047986","article-title":"Study design, exposure variables, and socioeconomic determinants of participation in Diet, Cancer and Health: a population-based prospective cohort study of 57,053 men and women in Denmark","volume":"35","author":"A Tjonneland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scandinavian journal of public health"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0206087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T19:16:01Z","timestamp":1588965361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0206087"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Maria Rosaria","family":"Gualano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0206087","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]}}}