{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:55:58Z","timestamp":1780379758086,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003286","name":"Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P214-42SL-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P214-42SL-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003286","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005074","name":"Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FB089C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FB089C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T19:47:47Z","timestamp":1542829667000},"page":"e0207369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Genetic diversity and population structure of Haloxylon salicornicum moq. in Kuwait by ISSR markers"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4826-3753","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fadila","family":"Al Salameen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0752-4774","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nazima","family":"Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Al Amad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal","family":"Dashti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Talebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashayer","family":"Al Doaij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004318610230","article-title":"Desert perennials as plant and soil indicators in Eastern Arabia","volume":"199","author":"B B\u00f6er","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","author":"SA Ghazanfar","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1108\/17568691011020265","article-title":"Biodiversity and climate change in Kuwait","volume":"2","author":"S Omar Asem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Clim Chang Str"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"CBD\u2014Convention on Biological Diversity. United Nations Treaty Series 1993; 1760: 143\u2013382."},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"50","article-title":"Vegetation of Abu Dhabi and a preliminary classification of its plant associations","author":"DA Roshier","year":"1996","journal-title":"Desert Ecology of Abu Dhabi\u2019"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","first-page":"310","article-title":"Conservation condition of Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss. in degraded desert habitats of northern Kuwait","volume":"3","author":"RH El-Wahab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"146","article-title":"Germination of some Kuwait\u2019s native plants under saline conditions","volume":"1","author":"S Zaman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"87","article-title":"Ecological studies on the desert of Kuwait. II. The vegetation","volume":"1","author":"R Halwagy","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of the University of Kuwait (Science)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1006\/jare.2000.0740","article-title":"Mapping the vegetation of Kuwait through reconnaissance soil survey","volume":"48","author":"SA Omar","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Arid Environ"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02482.x","article-title":"On the verge of extinction: genetics of the critically endangered Iberian plant species, Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae) and implications for conservation management","volume":"14","author":"JG Segarra\u2010Moragues","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/159.3.1217","article-title":"Inbreeding depression in small populations of self-incompatible plants","volume":"159","author":"S Gl\u00e9min","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.13103","article-title":"Inbreeding depression and drift load in small populations at demographic disequilibrium","volume":"71","author":"RB Spigler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3390\/d1010019","article-title":"Assessing plant genetic diversity by molecular tools","volume":"1","author":"L Mondini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.31.9.2274-2280.1993","article-title":"Hybridization probes for conventional DNA fingerprinting used as single primers in the polymerase chain reaction to distinguish strains of Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"31","author":"W Meyer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00224530","article-title":"Amplification of DNA markers from evolutionarily diverse genomes using single primers of simple-sequence repeats","volume":"89","author":"M Gupta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Theor Appl Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1994.1151","article-title":"Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR)-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification","volume":"20","author":"E Zietkiewicz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","first-page":"30","article-title":"Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers: are we doing it right","volume":"9","author":"WL Ng","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASM Sci J"},{"issue":"37","key":"ref18","first-page":"6091","article-title":"Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers as reproducible and specific tools for genetic diversity analysis of rose species","volume":"9","author":"Z Jabbarzadeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0152972","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152972","article-title":"Comparison of RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP molecular markers to reveal and classify orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) germplasm variations","volume":"11","author":"R Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mci089","article-title":"Genetic diversity and geographic differentiation in endangered Ammopiptanthus (Leguminosae) populations in desert regions of northwest China as revealed by ISSR analysis","volume":"95","author":"XJ Ge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Bot"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","first-page":"675","article-title":"Population genetic structure of a dominant desert tree, Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae), in the southeast Gurbantunggut desert detected by RAPD and ISSR markers","volume":"46","author":"Y Sheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Bot Sinica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","first-page":"46","article-title":"Morpho-chemical and molecular diversity estimation of Haloxylon spp.-A neglected industrial halophytic species in Thar Desert of Western Rajasthan (India)","volume":"4","author":"RR Meghwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"International J Seed Spices"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plgene.2017.08.001","article-title":"Standardization of DNA extraction and genetic diversity analysis of Haloxylon salicornicum: An underutilized species of extreme arid environment","volume":"12","author":"D Goswami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Gene"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.2307\/2656971","article-title":"Genetic diversity of the endangered endemic Agave victoriae\u2010reginae (Agavaceae) in the Chihuahuan Desert","volume":"86","author":"A Marti\u00b4 nez\u2010Palacios","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Bot"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(02)00100-3","article-title":"Population genetic structure and the conservation of isolated populations of Acacia raddiana in the Negev Desert","volume":"108","author":"MK Shrestha","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol Cons"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12863-014-0109-4","article-title":"Assessment of genetic diversity in the endangered populations of Breonadia salicina (Rubiaceae) growing in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using inter-simple sequence repeat markers","volume":"15","author":"AR Gaafar","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-008-9292-4","article-title":"Assaying polymorphism at DNA level for genetic diversity diagnostics of the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) world germplasm resources","volume":"135","author":"D Sehgal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s001220051046","article-title":"A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars","volume":"98","author":"A Prevost","year":"1999","journal-title":"Theor Appl Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2007.08.010","article-title":"Comparative assessment of EST-SSR, EST-SNP and AFLP markers for evaluation of genetic diversity and conservation of genetic resources using wild, cultivated and elite barleys","volume":"173","author":"RK Varshney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Sci"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"The Mathematical Theory of Communication","volume":"117","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1949"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x","article-title":"GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research","volume":"6","author":"RO Peakall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts460","article-title":"Smouse, PE. GenAlEx 6.5: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research\u2014an update","volume":"28","author":"R Peakall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"157","article-title":"Population genetic analysis of co-dominant and dominant markers and quantitative traits","volume":"129","author":"FC Yeh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Belgian J Bot"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01814.x","article-title":"A standardized genetic differentiation measure","volume":"59","author":"PW Hedrick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4015","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2008.03887.x","article-title":"GST and its relatives do not measure differentiation","volume":"17","author":"LO Jost","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x","article-title":"Arlequin suite ver 3.5: a new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows","volume":"10","author":"L Excoffier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/148.3.1325","article-title":"Fixation indices in subdivided populations","volume":"148","author":"T Nagylaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msj030","article-title":"Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies","volume":"23","author":"DH Huson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/155.2.945","article-title":"Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data","volume":"155","author":"JK Pritchard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x","article-title":"Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study","volume":"14","author":"G Evanno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-011-9548-7","article-title":"STRUCTURE HARVESTER: a website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method","volume":"4","author":"DA Earl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Conserv Genet Resour"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"453","article-title":"Genetic diversity and environmental associations of sacsaoul (Haloxylon ammodendron)","volume":"4890","author":"L Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"In: Ecosystems Dynamics, Ecosystem-Society Interactions, and Remote Sensing Applications for Semi-Arid and Arid Land"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.07.110176.000245","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism in heterogeneous environments","volume":"7","author":"PW Hedrick","year":"1976","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.1988.tb00468.x","article-title":"Genetic parallelism of protein polymorphism in nature: ecological test of the neutral theory of molecular evolution","volume":"35","author":"EBA Nevo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biol J Linnean Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6233","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.101109298","article-title":"Evolution of genome\u2013phenome diversity under environmental stress","volume":"98","author":"E Nevo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1134\/S1067413612040157","article-title":"Genetic differentiation of black saxaul, Haloxylon aphyllum (Chenopodiaceae), along a soil salinity gradient in the Kyzylkum Desert","volume":"43","author":"EV Shuyskaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Russ J Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.34.030102.151717","article-title":"Genetic variation in rare and common plants","volume":"34","author":"CT Cole","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref48","first-page":"221","article-title":"Genetic distance within and between two Haloxylon salicornicum populations as revealed by RAPD markers","volume":"14","author":"FH AlQurainy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref49","first-page":"604","article-title":"A preliminary molecular variability within Haloxylon salicornium accessions growing in Saudi Arabia","volume":"8","author":"SM Al-Sobeai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Omics"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"31","article-title":"Haloxylon salicornicum, an arid land shrub: its ecology and potential","volume":"25","author":"A Kaul","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Arid Zone"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-014-0212-4","article-title":"Notes about Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss., a promising shrub for arid regions","volume":"62","author":"JP Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genet Resour Crop Evol"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"235","article-title":"Germination ecology of Haloxylon salicornicum from Kuwait","volume":"123","author":"G Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bot Jahrb Syst Pflanzengesch Pflanzengeogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.15258\/sst.2008.36.3.17","article-title":"Salinity, temperature and light affect seed germination of Haloxylon salicornicum, a common perennial shrub of the Arabian deserts","volume":"36","author":"A El-Keblawy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seed Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"87","article-title":"In: Isozymes in plant biology","author":"JL Hamrick","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"Sheng Y. Studies on Molecular Ecology of Haloxylon ammodendron Bunge (Chenopodiaceae), Doctoral Thesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 2003"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1965.tb01731.x","article-title":"The interpretation of population structure by F\u2010statistics with special regard to systems of mating","volume":"19","author":"S Wright","year":"1965","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref57","author":"R Frankham","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4803","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3576198","article-title":"Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations","volume":"236","author":"M Slatkin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4399","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1305","article-title":"Challenges in analysis and interpretation of microsatellite data for population genetic studies","volume":"4","author":"AI Putman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/89.3.583","article-title":"Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals","volume":"89","author":"M Nei","year":"1978","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1949.tb02451.x","article-title":"The genetical Structure of populations","volume":"15","author":"S Wright","year":"1951","journal-title":"Ann Eugenics"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/28.2.114","article-title":"Isolation by distance","volume":"28","author":"S Wright","year":"1943","journal-title":"Genetics"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0207369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T17:46:54Z","timestamp":1662486414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0207369"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ruslan","family":"Kalendar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0207369","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]]}}}