{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:53:30Z","timestamp":1772139210849,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003566","name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["D11413914H480000100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D11413914H480000100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018R1A6A1A03023584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1A6A1A03023584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T18:47:16Z","timestamp":1550602036000},"page":"e0211570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Immune-enhancing effects of anionic macromolecules extracted from Codium fragile on cyclophosphamide-treated mice"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chaiwat","family":"Monmai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SangGuan","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo Jung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2015.04.026","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of <italic>Amorphophallus commutatus<\/italic> var. wayanadensis under normal and cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressive conditions in mice models","volume":"81","author":"S Raj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2016.09.001","article-title":"Nutrient sensing, signal transduction and immune responses","volume":"28","author":"J Walls","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3500","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-4626","article-title":"Cancer immunologists and cancer biologists: why we didn&apos;t talk then but need to now","volume":"67","author":"GC Prendergast","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070779","article-title":"Respiratory tract infections and the role of biologically active polysaccharides in their management and prevention","volume":"9","author":"M Jesenak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Hemicellulose from plant biomass in medical and pharmaceutical application: A critical review","author":"X Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.042","article-title":"Chitin and chitinase: Role in pathogenicity, allergenicity and health","volume":"97","author":"S Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00548","article-title":"Detrimental impact of microbiota-accessible carbohydrate-deprived diet on gut and immune homeostasis: An overview","volume":"8","author":"CI Daien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13337","article-title":"Contrasting effects of cyclophosphamide on anti-CTL-associated protein 4 blockade therapy in two mouse tumor models","volume":"108","author":"Y Iida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-4103","article-title":"Role of hepatic cytochrome p450s in the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cyclophosphamide: studies with the hepatic cytochrome p450 reductase null mouse","volume":"65","author":"GJ Pass","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","first-page":"116","article-title":"Donor-specific prolongation of rat skin graft survival induced by rat-donor cells and cyclophosphamide under coadministration of monoclonal antibodies against T cell receptor alpha beta and natural killer cells in mice","volume":"61","author":"M Umesue","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.3109\/08923979309019729","article-title":"Effect of ASTA-Z 7575 (INN Maphosphamide) on human lymphokine-activated killer cell induction","volume":"15","author":"KP Singh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.12.019","article-title":"Immuno-enhancement effects of Shenqi Fuzheng injection on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in Balb\/c mice","volume":"139","author":"JX Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2010.02.026","article-title":"Immunostimulating effects of a sulfated galactan from <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic>","volume":"345","author":"JB Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Carbohydr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2013.01.023","article-title":"Thrombolytic, anticoagulant and antiplatelet activities of codiase, a bi-functional fibrinolytic enzyme from <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic>","volume":"95","author":"JH Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2010.1540","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic> in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells","volume":"15","author":"CH Kang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.022","article-title":"Molecular characteristics and biological activities of anionic macromolecules from <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic>","volume":"59","author":"M Tabarsa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.108","article-title":"Structural effects of sulfated polysaccharides from <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic> on NK cell activation and cytotoxicity","volume":"98","author":"U Surayot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-015-9615-2","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships of sulfated glycoproteins from <italic>Codium fragile<\/italic> on nitric oxide releasing capacity from RAW264.7 Cells","volume":"17","author":"M Tabarsa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar Biotechnol (NY)"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74048-9","article-title":"The isolation of the components of streptococcal nucleoproteins in serologically active form","volume":"124","author":"MG Sevag","year":"1938","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"35","key":"ref20","first-page":"e1488","article-title":"Isolation of mouse peritoneal cavity cells","author":"A Ray","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2011.08.032","article-title":"<italic>In vitro<\/italic> and <italic>in vivo<\/italic> immunomodulatory activity of sulfated polysaccharides from <italic>Enteromorpha prolifera<\/italic>","volume":"49","author":"JK Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.026","article-title":"Structural characterization of immunostimulating protein-sulfated fucan complex extracted from the body wall of a sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus","volume":"99","author":"RA Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-305X(87)90013-9","article-title":"Differential uptake of neutral red by macrophages from three species of estuarine fish","volume":"11","author":"BA Weeks","year":"1987","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.09.010","article-title":"<italic>Cheonggukjang<\/italic> polysaccharides enhance immune activities and prevent cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression","volume":"72","author":"CW Cho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2012.1224","article-title":"Anti-metastatic effect of polysaccharide isolated from <italic>Colocasia esculenta<\/italic> is exerted through immunostimulation","volume":"31","author":"HR Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2006.04.002","article-title":"Anti-tumor and immunomodulating effects of <italic>Pleurotus ostreatus<\/italic> mycelia-derived proteoglycans","volume":"6","author":"I Sarangi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref28","first-page":"972","article-title":"Modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and related proinflammatory genes by the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in human colon cancer cells","volume":"63","author":"BA Narayanan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-224782","article-title":"TAK1 targeting by glucocorticoids determines JNK and IkappaB regulation in Toll-like receptor-stimulated macrophages","volume":"115","author":"S Bhattacharyya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.04.068","article-title":"Immune-enhancing activity of extracellular polysaccharides isolated from <italic>Rhizopus nigricans<\/italic>","volume":"148","author":"ZD Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.06.006","article-title":"A polysaccharide from <italic>Strongylocentrotus nudus<\/italic> eggs protects against myelosuppression and immunosuppression in cyclophosphamide-treated mice","volume":"11","author":"H Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2010.07.009","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activity in vitro and in vivo of polysaccharide from <italic>Potentilla anserina<\/italic>","volume":"81","author":"JR Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.03.033","article-title":"Structure and biological activities of the polysaccharides from the leaves, roots and fruits of <italic>Panax ginseng<\/italic> C.A. Meyer: An overview","volume":"85","author":"YX Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.523","article-title":"Polysaccharide immunomodulators as therapeutic agents: structural aspects and biologic function","volume":"13","author":"AO Tzianabos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061216","article-title":"The spleen: A hub connecting nervous and immune systems in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases","volume":"18","author":"A Lori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.06.052","article-title":"A polysaccharide from <italic>Sargassum fusiforme<\/italic> protects against immunosuppression in cyclophosphamide-treated mice","volume":"90","author":"X Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.07.007","article-title":"Immunomodulatory and antitumor activity of triterpenoid fractions from the rhizomes of <italic>Astilbe chinensis<\/italic>","volume":"119","author":"J Tu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1086\/314927","article-title":"Immunization with meningococcal outer-membrane protein vesicles containing lipooligosaccharide protects mice against lethal experimental group B Neisseria meningitidis infection and septic shock","volume":"180","author":"EK Quakyi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref39","first-page":"1805","article-title":"Tumor-specific suppressor T-cells which inhibit the <italic>in vitro<\/italic> generation of cytolytic T-cells from immune and early tumor-bearing host spleens","volume":"46","author":"HD Bear","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01742376","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide and abrogation of tumor-induced suppressor T cell activity","volume":"31","author":"SK Hoover","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.06.021","article-title":"Immuno-enhancement effects of ethanol extract from <italic>Cyrtomium macrophyllum<\/italic> (Makino) Tagawa on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in BALB\/c mice","volume":"155","author":"Z Ren","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.013","article-title":"Ameliorative effect of <italic>Trametes orientalis<\/italic> polysaccharide against immunosuppression and oxidative stress in cyclophosphamide-treated mice","volume":"95","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(03)00278-2","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activities of <italic>Clausena excavata<\/italic> Burm. f. wood extracts","volume":"89","author":"A Manosroi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00144","article-title":"Macrophage-tumor cell interactions regulate the function of nitric oxide","volume":"4","author":"MA Rahat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.297","article-title":"Induction of Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cell responses: the alternative approaches","volume":"15","author":"SL Constant","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60652-5","article-title":"Heterogeneity of cytokine secretion patterns and functions of helper T cells","volume":"46","author":"TR Mosmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2003.12.007","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 enhances CD4(+) T-cell activities and modulates Th1\/Th2 differentiation","volume":"4","author":"EJ Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11830","article-title":"NF-kappaB: a key role in inflammatory diseases","volume":"107","author":"PP Tak","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.30.2345","article-title":"Inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2 and cytokines expression by poncirin through the NF-kappaB inactivation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells","volume":"30","author":"JB Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00031-10","article-title":"Activation and function of the MAPKs and their substrates, the MAPK-activated protein kinases","volume":"75","author":"M Cargnello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T03:23:59Z","timestamp":1662953039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211570"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"David D.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211570","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]]}}}