{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:52:09Z","timestamp":1790283129124,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T17:34:43Z","timestamp":1556127283000},"page":"e0215224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Rodent-borne infections in rural Ghanaian farming communities"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7765-8343","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shirley C.","family":"Nimo-Paintsil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Fichet-Calvet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benny","family":"Borremans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Letizia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emad","family":"Mohareb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph H. K.","family":"Bonney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwasi","family":"Obiri-Danso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William K.","family":"Ampofo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randal J.","family":"Schoepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl C.","family":"Kronmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Recognition and management of rodent-borne infectious disease outbreaks after heavy rainfall and flooding","volume":"166","author":"JH Diaz","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Nigeria hit by unprecedented Lassa fever outbreak","volume":"359","author":"L Roberts","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"357","article-title":"Lassa fever and global health security","volume":"18","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/medicines\/ebola-treatment\/WHO-list-of-top-emerging-diseases\/en\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/medicines\/ebola-treatment\/WHO-list-of-top-emerging-diseases\/en\/<\/ext-link> (accessed April 18, 2018)."},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"25280","article-title":"New hosts of the Lassa Virus","volume":"6","author":"A Olayemi","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"World Health Organization 2016. Lassa fever\u2014Togo. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/don\/23-march-2016-lassa-fever-togo\/en\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/don\/23-march-2016-lassa-fever-togo\/en<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12549","article-title":"Environmental-mechanistic modelling of the impact of global change on human zoonotic disease emergence: a case study of Lassa fever","volume":"7","author":"DW Redding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"e388","article-title":"Risk maps of Lassa fever in West Africa","volume":"3","author":"E Fichet-Calvet","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS NTD"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"World Health Organization 2014. Lassa Fever\u2013Benin. Emergencies preparedness, response. Disease Outbreak News (DONs)"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00938","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00938-16","article-title":"Genome Sequence of Lassa Virus Isolated from the First Domestically Acquired Case in Germany","volume":"4","author":"S Wolff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Announc"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1832","article-title":"Two novel arenaviruses detected in pygmy mice, Ghana","volume":"19","author":"KC Kronmann","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"373","article-title":"Molecular evolution of Azagny virus, a new found hantavirus harbored by the West African pygmy shrew (<italic>Crocidura obscurior<\/italic>) in Cote d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"8","author":"HJ Kang","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"319","article-title":"Antibody prevalence against haemorrhagic fever viruses in randomized representative Central African populations","volume":"140","author":"JP Gonzales","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"784","article-title":"Serological evidence for Hantaan-related virus infection in rodents and man in Senegal","volume":"79","author":"JF Salczzo","year":"1985"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref15","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Antibody to Japanese strain of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus in Nigeria sera","volume":"80","author":"O Tomori","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"331","article-title":"Prevalence of hantavirus antibody in patients with chronic renal disease in Egypt","volume":"98","author":"BA Botros","year":"2004"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref17","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Serological evidence of human hantavirus infections in Guinea, West Africa","volume":"201","author":"B Klempa","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"296","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"14","author":"PN Levett","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"e39672","article-title":"Leptospirosis Outbreak following Severe Flooding: A Rapid Assessment and Mass Prophylaxis Campaign; Guyana, January-February 2005","volume":"7","author":"AM Dechet","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"91","article-title":"Outbreak of Leptospirosis after Flood, the Phillipines, 2009","volume":"18","author":"AT Amilasan","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref21","first-page":"1281","article-title":"Leptospirosis Outbreak After the 2014 Major Flooding Event in Kelantan, Malaysia: A Spatial-Temporal Analysis","volume":"98","author":"MF Mohd Radi","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref22","first-page":"467","article-title":"Leptospiral microscopic agglutination antibodies in sera of man and domestic animals in Egypt","volume":"21","author":"RR Maronpot","year":"1972"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref23","first-page":"178","article-title":"Human leptospirosis in Somalia: a serological survey","volume":"76","author":"B Cacciapouti","year":"1982"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","first-page":"610","article-title":"Leptospirosis and Ebola virus infection in five gold-patting villages in northeastern Gabon","volume":"60","author":"E Bertherat","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Habitat assessment of small mammals in the Umvoti Vlei Conservancy, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"31","author":"JA Fuller","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"68","article-title":"Comparison of MagPix assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hemorrhagic fever viruses","volume":"55","author":"NG Satterly","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","first-page":"366","article-title":"Seroepidemiological study reveals regional co-occurrence of Lassa- and Hantavirus antibodies in Upper Guinea, West Africa","volume":"Vol. 18","author":"B Klempa","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"519","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of Hantaan-related virus in Gabon","volume":"81","author":"A Dupont","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"21","author":"WR Farr","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"162","article-title":"Leptospirosis in rural Ghana","volume":"38","author":"HV Hogerzeil","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"11","article-title":"Serological and cultural examination for human leptospirosis in Plateau State, Nigeria","volume":"37","author":"AO Ezeh","year":"1991"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218271","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559779200000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0215224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T06:51:19Z","timestamp":1589007079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0215224"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"John","family":"Schieffelin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0215224","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218271","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]}}}