{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T15:11:33Z","timestamp":1782745893002,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HI14C3417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI14C3417"]}]},{"name":"The St.Vincent's hospital, research institute of medical science foundation","award":["SVHR-2018-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SVHR-2018-12"]}]},{"name":"The National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF), the Korea governmen","award":["2018R1C1B5084422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1C1B5084422"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T17:32:03Z","timestamp":1557941523000},"page":"e0216941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["HLA alleles, especially amino-acid signatures of HLA-DPB1, might contribute to the molecular pathogenesis of early-onset autoimmune thyroid disease"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dong-Hwan","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Cheol","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung Jae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Jeong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moonbae","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Ho","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung-Kyu","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Kyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2226-2138","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tai-Gyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0020","article-title":"Current perspective on the pathogenesis of Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy","volume":"24","author":"BS Prabhakar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrine reviews"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2174\/138920207783591690","article-title":"The HLA Region and Autoimmune Disease: Associations and Mechanisms of Action.","volume":"8","author":"SC Gough","year":"2007","journal-title":"Current genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1207-1","article-title":"The MHC locus and genetic susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases","volume":"18","author":"V Matzaraki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0030","article-title":"Searching for the autoimmune thyroid disease susceptibility genes: from gene mapping to gene function","volume":"24","author":"Y Tomer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrine reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2008.26","article-title":"Analysis of HLA class II genes in Hashimoto's thyroiditis reveals differences compared to Graves' disease","volume":"9","author":"AA Zeitlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes and immunity"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E379","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2841","article-title":"Identification of independent susceptible and protective HLA alleles in Japanese autoimmune thyroid disease and their epistasis","volume":"99","author":"S Ueda","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16635","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016635","article-title":"Comprehensive genotyping in two homogeneous Graves' disease samples reveals major and novel HLA association alleles","volume":"6","author":"PL Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","first-page":"741","article-title":"Association of HLA-DR and -DQ genes with Graves disease in Koreans","volume":"66","author":"MH Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Human immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139.2010.525571","article-title":"Identification of HLA-DRB1 alleles associated with Graves' disease in Koreans by sequence-based typing","volume":"40","author":"HW Jang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunological investigations"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1159\/000331134","article-title":"Association of HLA alleles with autoimmune thyroid disease in Korean children","volume":"76","author":"WK Cho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hormone research in paediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(94)90260-7","article-title":"Association of HLA-DPB1*0501 with early-onset Graves' disease in Japanese","volume":"39","author":"H Onuma","year":"1994","journal-title":"Human immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.1644","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease: past, present, and future","volume":"20","author":"Y. Tomer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thyroid: official journal of the American Thyroid Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI74961","article-title":"Cell-surface MHC density profiling reveals instability of autoimmunity-associated HLA","volume":"125","author":"H Miyadera","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical investigation"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3310","article-title":"Construction of a population-specific HLA imputation reference panel and its application to Graves' disease risk in Japanese","volume":"47","author":"Y Okada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature genetics"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.02.002","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of cytokine gene polymorphisms defines the association of IL-12 gene with ophthalmopthy in Korean children with autoimmune thyroid disease","volume":"426","author":"JP Jang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecular and cellular endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-40-5-795","article-title":"The diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis","volume":"40","author":"DA Fisher","year":"1975","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-44-1-203","article-title":"Modification of the classification of the eye changes of Graves' disease: recommendations of the Ad Hoc Committee of the American Thyroid Association","volume":"44","author":"SC Werner","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1986.tb03599.x","article-title":"Genetic factors in Graves' ophthalmopathy","volume":"25","author":"M Frecker","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clinical endocrinology"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Hansen J, Workshop IH, Conference, Histocompatibility ICo, Immunogenetics. Immunobiology of the human MHC: Proceedings of the 13th International Histocompatibility Workshop and Conference and the XIII International Congress of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics: Seattle; 2006."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13458","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013458","article-title":"Allele polymorphism and haplotype diversity of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in sequence-based typing for Chinese Uyghur ethnic group","volume":"5","author":"CM Shen","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","author":"A Van der Zwan","year":"2000"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref22","first-page":"83","article-title":"A sequence-based typing method for HLA-DPB1 genotyping","volume":"40","author":"Z Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni"},{"issue":"37","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14034","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806584105","article-title":"Molecular amino acid signatures in the MHC class II peptide-binding pocket predispose to autoimmune thyroiditis in humans and in mice","volume":"105","author":"F Menconi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2017-105146","article-title":"Fine mapping MHC associations in Graves' disease and its clinical subtypes in Han Chinese","volume":"55","author":"X Chu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of medical genetics"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.11.006","article-title":"The amino acid variation within the binding pocket 7 and 9 of HLA-DRB1 molecules are associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"57","author":"R Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of autoimmunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1076","article-title":"Five amino acids in three HLA proteins explain most of the association between MHC and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"44","author":"S Raychaudhuri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/s41435-017-0008-6","article-title":"Critical amino acid variations in HLA-DQB1* molecules confers susceptibility to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in south India","volume":"20","author":"S Ramgopal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes and immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(92)90101-R","article-title":"HLA-A and DPB1 loci confer susceptibility to Graves' disease","volume":"35","author":"RP Dong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Human immunology"},{"issue":"6167","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/332845a0","article-title":"A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of class II histocompatibility molecules","volume":"332","author":"JH Brown","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2006.02.023","article-title":"HLA-DPB1*0202 is associated with a predictor of good prognosis of Graves' disease in the Japanese","volume":"67","author":"M Takahashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Human immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2000.550308.x","article-title":"HLA-A*02 allele frequencies and haplotypic associations in Koreans","volume":"55","author":"MH Park","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tissue antigens"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2003.00016.x","article-title":"The association of HLA -A, -B, and -DRB1 genotypes with Graves' disease in Taiwanese people","volume":"61","author":"SM Huang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tissue antigens"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4749","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.10.4749","article-title":"Differences in MHC class I self peptide repertoires among HLA-A2 subtypes","volume":"155","author":"T Sudo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md: 1950)."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.5158","article-title":"Association between HLA-B*46 allele and Graves disease in Asian populations: a meta-analysis.","volume":"10","author":"Y Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of medical sciences"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm165","article-title":"A novel and major association of HLA-C in Graves' disease that eclipses the classical HLA-DRB1 effect","volume":"16","author":"MJ Simmonds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human molecular genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref36","first-page":"3394","article-title":"Linkage disequilibrium between the human leukocyte antigen class II region of the major histocompatibility complex and Graves' disease: replication using a population case control and family-based study","volume":"83","author":"JM Heward","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00661.x","article-title":"The HLA-DQ associations with Graves' disease in Chinese children","volume":"50","author":"GW Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000083137","article-title":"Association of HLA-DR, -DQ genotype and CTLA-4 gene polymorphism with Graves' disease in Japanese children","volume":"63","author":"S Iwama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hormone research"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00248-7","article-title":"Human leukocyte antigens associated with hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmology in Japanese patients","volume":"126","author":"K Ohtsuka","year":"1998","journal-title":"American journal of ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0216941","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T16:15:27Z","timestamp":1694880927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0216941"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Valli","family":"De Re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0216941","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]}}}