{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:05:00Z","timestamp":1788869100344,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006221","name":"United States - Israel Binational Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2011246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006221","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T17:36:47Z","timestamp":1559842607000},"page":"e0217681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Rapid instructed task learning (but not automatic effects of instructions) is influenced by working memory load"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2366-4953","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maayan","family":"Pereg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nachshon","family":"Meiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"42","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14245","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1662-10.2010","article-title":"Prefrontal dynamics underlying rapid instructed task learning reverse with practice","volume":"30","author":"MW Cole","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028148","article-title":"Instruction-based task-rule congruency effects","volume":"38","author":"B Liefooghe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp228","article-title":"Rapid formation of pragmatic rule representations in the human brain during instruction-based learning","volume":"20","author":"H Ruge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-012-0125-7","article-title":"Rapid instructed task learning: A new window into the human brain\u2019s unique capacity for flexible cognitive control","volume":"13","author":"MW Cole","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1037\/xlm0000063","article-title":"The power of instructions: Proactive configuration of stimulus\u2013response translation","volume":"41","author":"N Meiran","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.51.4.355","article-title":"ACT: A simple theory of complex cognition","volume":"51","author":"JR Anderson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088803000504","article-title":"Automaticity, resources, and memory: Theoretical controversies and practical implications","volume":"30","author":"GD Logan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.02.009","article-title":"The task novelty paradox: Flexible control of inflexible neural pathways during rapid instructed task learning","volume":"81","author":"MW Cole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-013-0471-7","article-title":"Benefit of enactment over oral repetition of verbal instruction does not require additional working memory during encoding","volume":"21","author":"T Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1080\/09541440500215921","article-title":"Why are reasoning ability and working memory capacity related to mental speed? An investigation of stimulus\u2013response compatibility in choice reaction time tasks","volume":"18","author":"O Wilhelm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"62","article-title":"Models of working memory","author":"N Cowan","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(09)51002-X","article-title":"Design for a working memory","volume":"51","author":"K Oberauer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol Learn Motiv"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2012.11.001","article-title":"Analogous mechanisms of selection and updating in declarative and procedural working memory: Experiments and a computational model","volume":"66","author":"K Oberauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognit Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2011.640403","article-title":"Processing of representations in declarative and procedural working memory.","volume":"65","author":"S Souza A da","year":"2012","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-014-0787-y","article-title":"An empirical test of the independence between declarative and procedural working memory in Oberauer\u2019s (2009) theory","volume":"22","author":"P Barrouillet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037190","article-title":"Selective influence of working memory load on exceptionally slow reaction times","volume":"143","author":"N Shahar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Gen"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1407","article-title":"Working memory abilities and children\u2019s performance in laboratory analogues of classroom activities","volume":"22","author":"SE Gathercole","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.06.037","article-title":"The role of working memory in rapid instructed task learning and intention-based reflexivity: An individual differences examination","volume":"90","author":"N Meiran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2017.04.005","article-title":"On the efficiency of instruction-based rule encoding","volume":"184","author":"H Ruge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Psychol (Amst)."},{"issue":"104","key":"ref20","article-title":"When planning results in loss of control: Intention-based reflexivity and working-memory.","volume":"6","author":"N Meiran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721417711638","article-title":"Powerful instructions: Automaticity without practice","volume":"26","author":"N Meiran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797618755322","article-title":"Structure and implementation of novel task rules: A cross-sectional developmental study","volume":"29","author":"F Verbruggen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref23","first-page":"1140","article-title":"The representation of instructions in working memory leads to autonomous response activation: Evidence from the first trials in the flanker paradigm","volume":"60","author":"O Cohen-Kdoshay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169.56.2.128","article-title":"The representation of instructions operates like a prepared reflex.","volume":"56","author":"O Cohen-Kdoshay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203267","article-title":"Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task","volume":"16","author":"BA Eriksen","year":"1974","journal-title":"Percept Psychophys"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2011.12.008","article-title":"Working memory load but not multitasking eliminates the prepared reflex: Further evidence from the adapted flanker paradigm","volume":"139","author":"N Meiran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Psychol (Amst"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"264","article-title":"Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition","author":"JH Neely","year":"1991"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.04.050","article-title":"Working memory effects on semantic processing: Priming differences in pars orbitalis.","volume":"37","author":"FW Sabb","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-018-1122-4","article-title":"Can we Learn to Learn? The Influence of Procedural Working-Memory Training on Rapid Instructed-Task-Learning","volume":"83","author":"M Pereg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5334\/jors.134","article-title":"prepdat-An R package for preparing experimental data for statistical analysis","volume":"4","author":"A Allon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Open Res Softw"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"JASP Team. JASP [Internet]. 2017. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/jasp-stats.org\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/jasp-stats.org\/<\/ext-link>"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.5.2.129","article-title":"Information reduction during skill acquisition: The influence of task instruction","volume":"5","author":"H Haider","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Appl"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"35","article-title":"Control of cognitive processes: Attention and performance XVIII","author":"A Allport","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.129.3.308","article-title":"Switching tasks and attention policies","volume":"129","author":"D Gopher","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Gen"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Theory of probability","author":"H Jeffreys","year":"1961"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-013-0374-7","article-title":"Instruction-based response activation depends on task preparation.","volume":"20","author":"B Liefooghe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.36.5.968","article-title":"Working memory involvement in dual-task performance: Evidence from the backward compatibility effect","volume":"36","author":"R Ellenbogen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mem Cognit"},{"issue":"6732","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/20178","article-title":"The role of the anterior prefrontal cortex in human cognition","volume":"399","author":"E Koechlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T01:45:31Z","timestamp":1588988731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217681"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Claude","family":"Alain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217681","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]]}}}