{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:04:53Z","timestamp":1790708693202,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"US National Science Foundation","award":["IOS 1053461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOS 1053461"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T17:33:41Z","timestamp":1560188021000},"page":"e0217929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Infection dynamics of gastrointestinal helminths in sympatric non-human primates, livestock and wild ruminants in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"Obanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ndichu","family":"Maingi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Muchemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chege J.","family":"Ng\u2019ang\u2019a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0868-7276","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samer","family":"Angelone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Archie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1411","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0889","article-title":"Diseases of humans and their domestic mammals: pathogen characteristics, host range and the risk of emergence","volume":"356","author":"S Cleaveland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"7181","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536","article-title":"Global trends in emerging infectious diseases","volume":"451","author":"KE Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-3137-5","article-title":"The population genetics of parasitic nematodes of wild animals","volume":"11","author":"R Cole","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Infectious diseases in primates: behavior, ecology and evolution","author":"CL Nunn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oxford University Press"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2001.00336.x","article-title":"Putting theory into practice: wildlife health in conservation","volume":"15","author":"SL Deem","year":"2001","journal-title":"Conservation Biology"},{"issue":"5452","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5452.443","article-title":"Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife\u2014threats to biodiversity and human health","volume":"287","author":"P Daszak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5483","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5483.1277","article-title":"Human diseases threaten great apes","volume":"289","author":"D Ferber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0188809","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188809","article-title":"A systematic review of zoonotic enteric parasitic diseases among nomadic and pastoral people","volume":"12","author":"AN Barnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2007.00226.x","article-title":"Evolution of host specificity drives reproductive isolation among RNA viruses","volume":"61","author":"S Duffy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/156.4.1465","article-title":"Cost of host radiation in an RNA virus","volume":"156","author":"PE Turner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20233","article-title":"Life on the edge: gastrointestinal parasites from the forest edge and interior primate groups","volume":"68","author":"CA Chapman","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Primatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20477","article-title":"Do food availability, parasitism, and stress have synergistic effects on red colobus populations living in forest fragments?","volume":"131","author":"CA Chapman","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/6.2.159","article-title":"Parasitism and group size in social animals: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"IM C\u00f4t\u00e9","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behavioral Ecology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2007.12.013","article-title":"Horns honestly advertise parasite infection in male and female African buffalo","volume":"75","author":"VO Ezenwa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Animal Behaviour"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2007.0633","article-title":"Candidate gene microsatellite variation is associated with parasitism in wild bighorn sheep","volume":"4","author":"G Luikart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biology Letters"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2008.18","article-title":"Heterozygosity and lungworm burden in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"100","author":"J Rijks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"issue":"s1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2009.04476.x","article-title":"Effects of an MHC\u2010DRB genotype and allele number on the load of gut parasites in the bank vole Myodes glareolus","volume":"19","author":"A Kloch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecular Ecology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1890\/060122","article-title":"Infectious diseases in wildlife: the community ecology context","volume":"5","author":"LK Belden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment"},{"issue":"42","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16916","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310557110","article-title":"Host and parasite diversity jointly control disease risk in complex communities","volume":"110","author":"PT Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015036","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/8\/1\/015036","article-title":"The study of parasite sharing for surveillance of zoonotic diseases","volume":"8","author":"MJ Farrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environmental Research Letters"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002260","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002260","article-title":"Host phylogeny determines viral persistence and replication in novel hosts","volume":"7","author":"B Longdon","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.07.015","article-title":"Mixed-host aggregations and helminth parasite sharing in an East African wildlife\u2013livestock system","volume":"205","author":"K VanderWaal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Veterinary clinical parasitology: John Wiley &amp; Sons","author":"AM Zajac","year":"2012","journal-title":"Veterinary clinical parasitology: John Wiley & Sons"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10329-012-0311-9","article-title":"Parasitology of five primates in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania","volume":"53","author":"T Kooriyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Primates"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.07.014","article-title":"Population genetic structure and history of a generalist parasite infecting multiple sympatric host species","volume":"41","author":"EA Archie","year":"2011","journal-title":"International journal for parasitology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-48.3.707","article-title":"Genetic identification of five strongyle nematode parasites in wild African elephants (Loxodonta africana)","volume":"48","author":"E McLean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(01)00357-5","article-title":"Molecular prospecting for cryptic species of nematodes: mitochondrial DNA versus internal transcribed spacer","volume":"32","author":"MS Blouin","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00021-7","article-title":"Genomic and genetic research on bursate nematodes: significance, implications and prospects","volume":"30","author":"RB Gasser","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2008.03.003","article-title":"Toward practical, DNA-based diagnostic methods for parasitic nematodes of livestock\u2014bionomic and biotechnological implications","volume":"26","author":"RB Gasser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biotechnology Advances"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00105-8","article-title":"Genetic markers for strongylid nematodes of livestock defined by PCR-based restriction analysis of spacer rDNA","volume":"69","author":"L Newton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(94)00171-J","article-title":"Differences in a ribosomal DNA sequence of morphologically indistinguishable species within the Hypodontus macropi complex (Nematoda: Strongyloidea)","volume":"25","author":"NB Chilton","year":"1995","journal-title":"International journal for parasitology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)00136-1","article-title":"Strongylus asini (Nematoda, Strongyloidea): genetic relationships with other Strongylus species determined by ribosomal DNA","volume":"26","author":"G-C Hung","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"issue":"5488","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5488.2342","article-title":"High direct estimate of the mutation rate in the mitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"289","author":"DR Denver","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref34","first-page":"294","article-title":"DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates","volume":"3","author":"R Vrijenhoek","year":"1994","journal-title":"Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm404","article-title":"Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0","volume":"23","author":"MA Larkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","author":"K Tamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X11000617","article-title":"A seasonal survey of gastrointestinal parasites in captive wild impala antelope on a game facility south of Lusaka","volume":"86","author":"K Nalubamba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zambia. Journal of helminthology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.4.1108","article-title":"Seasonal and demographic factors influencing gastrointestinal parasitism in ungulates of Etosha National Park","volume":"46","author":"WC Turner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of wildlife diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.03.004","article-title":"Ultraviolet light increases mortality of nematode larvae and can explain patterns of larval availability at pasture","volume":"39","author":"J Van Dijk","year":"2009","journal-title":"International journal for parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1086\/597227","article-title":"Home range and parasite diversity in mammals","volume":"173","author":"F Bordes","year":"2009","journal-title":"The American Naturalist"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2010.05.007","article-title":"Molecular identification of the causative agent of human strongyloidiasis acquired in Tanzania: dispersal and diversity of Strongyloides spp. and their hosts","volume":"59","author":"H Hasegawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology international"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2288","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002288","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"F Sch\u00e4r","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Prevalence and types of coinfections in sleeping sickness patients in Kenya (2000\/2009)","author":"J Kagira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref44","first-page":"59","article-title":"Prevalence of enteropathogens in stools of rural Maasai children under five years of age in the Maasailand region of the Kenyan Rift Valley","volume":"73","author":"T Joyce","year":"1996","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1705.100490","article-title":"Strongyloidiasis in man 75 years after initial exposure","volume":"17","author":"V Prendki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7961-4-8","article-title":"Intestinal strongyloidiasis and hyperinfection syndrome","volume":"4","author":"RS Vadlamudi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2493.1","article-title":"Trichuris sp. and Strongyloides sp. infections in a free-ranging baboon colony","volume":"98","author":"J Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1991.11812605","article-title":"Host genetic factors do not account for variation in parasite loads in Strongyloides fuelleborni kellyi","volume":"85","author":"T Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004006249","article-title":"High resolution DNA fingerprinting by AFLP to study the genetic variation among Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Nematoda) from human and non-human primates from Ghana","volume":"130","author":"J De Gruijter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.71.227","article-title":"Genetic substructuring within Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Nematoda) from human and non-human primates from Ghana based on random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis","volume":"71","author":"JM De Gruijter","year":"2004","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.2002.0411","article-title":"Screening for haplotypic variability within Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Nematoda) employing a single-strand conformation polymorphism approach","volume":"16","author":"J De Gruijter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular probes"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2641","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002641","article-title":"Nodule worm infection in humans and wild primates in Uganda: cryptic species in a newly identified region of human transmission","volume":"8","author":"RR Ghai","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023092915171","article-title":"Gastrointestinal parasites in free-ranging Kenyan baboons (Papio cynocephalus and P. anubis)","volume":"24","author":"NE Hahn","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Primatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-38","article-title":"Co-infection of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. among livestock in Malaysia as revealed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer II DNA region","volume":"10","author":"TK Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC veterinary research"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3256","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003256","article-title":"Hidden population structure and cross-species transmission of whipworms (Trichuris sp.) in humans and non-human primates in Uganda","volume":"8","author":"RR Ghai","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004059","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004059","article-title":"Mitochondrial genome analyses suggest multiple Trichuris species in humans, baboons, and pigs from different geographical regions","volume":"9","author":"MB Hawash","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/00313029500169842","article-title":"Human trichostrongyliasis in Queensland","volume":"27","author":"RE Boreham","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0385","article-title":"Human Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in a rural village in Laos","volume":"84","author":"M Sato","year":"2011","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2007.45.1.69","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of Trichostrongylus and hookworm eggs via PCR using ITS-1 sequence","volume":"45","author":"T-S Yong","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Korean journal of parasitology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.035","article-title":"Ecology of the free-living stages of major trichostrongylid parasites of sheep","volume":"142","author":"LJ O\u2019Connor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Veterinary parasitology"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia: Epidemiology, and anthelmintic resistance and its management","author":"M Sissay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epsilon Dissertations and Graduate Theses Archive"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref62","first-page":"529","article-title":"Gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants: life cycle, anthelmintics, and diagnosis","volume":"22","author":"AM Zajac","year":"2006","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00207-0","article-title":"Hypobiosis of Haemonchus contortus in natural infections of sheep and goats in a semi-arid area of Kenya","volume":"77","author":"P Gatongi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.026","article-title":"Epidemiology and seasonal dynamics of gastrointestinal nematode infections of sheep in a semi-arid region of eastern Ethiopia","volume":"143","author":"MM Sissay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00040-0","article-title":"Improving the assessment of the economic impact of parasitic diseases and of their control in production animals","volume":"84","author":"B Perry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Veterinary parasitology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.07.030","article-title":"Cooperia punctata: effect on cattle productivity","volume":"183","author":"BE Stromberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Veterinary parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762008000100016","article-title":"Capillaria spp. eggs in Patagonian archaeological sites: statistical analysis of morphometric data","volume":"103","author":"MH Fugassa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref68","unstructured":"Moravec F. Checklist of the metazoan parasites of fishes of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic (1873\u20132000): Academia; 2001."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-236","article-title":"Genetic variations in the beta-tubulin gene and the internal transcribed spacer 2 region of Trichuris species from man and baboons","volume":"6","author":"T Hansen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66249","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066249","article-title":"Mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA evidence supports the existence of a new Trichuris species in the endangered Fran\u00e7ois\u2019 leaf-monkey","volume":"8","author":"G-H Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44187","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044187","article-title":"Phylogenetic evidence that two distinct Trichuris genotypes infect both humans and non-human primates","volume":"7","author":"DF Ravasi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-37","article-title":"Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010","volume":"7","author":"RL Pullan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"14","article-title":"Sequence differences in the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 5.8 S ribosomal RNA among three Moniezia species isolated from ruminants in Japan","author":"M Ohtori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.11.032","article-title":"Moniezia benedeni and Moniezia expansa are distinct cestode species based on complete mitochondrial genomes","volume":"166","author":"A Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta tropica"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X11000629","article-title":"The development of PCR methodology for the identification of species of the tapeworm Moniezia from cattle, goats and sheep in central Vietnam","volume":"86","author":"T Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of helminthology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0388-4","article-title":"Genetic markers to distinguish Moniezia expansa from M. benedeni (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) and evidence of the existence of cryptic species in Australia","volume":"100","author":"NB Chilton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology research"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002913","article-title":"Habitat overlap and gastrointestinal parasitism in sympatric African bovids","volume":"126","author":"V Ezenwa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0141-6707.2004.00484.x","article-title":"Helminth risks associated with mixed game and livestock interactions in and around Lake Mburo National Park","volume":"42","author":"M Ocaido","year":"2004","journal-title":"Uganda. African Journal of Ecology"},{"issue":"1411","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0888","article-title":"Risk factors for human disease emergence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B","volume":"356","author":"LH Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.01.005","article-title":"Patterns of host specificity and transmission among parasites of wild primates","volume":"35","author":"AB Pedersen","year":"2005","journal-title":"International journal for parasitology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002306","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002306","article-title":"Frequent and recent human acquisition of simian foamy viruses through apes&apos; bites in central Africa","volume":"7","author":"E Betsem","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06016-11","article-title":"Cross-species transmission of simian foamy virus to humans in rural Gabon, Central Africa","volume":"86","author":"A Mouinga-Ond\u00e9m\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref83","first-page":"e5","article-title":"Pathogen\u2013host\u2013environment interplay and disease emergence","volume":"2","author":"A Engering","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging microbes & infections"},{"issue":"5958","key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1177345","article-title":"Epidemic dynamics at the human-animal interface","volume":"326","author":"JO Lloyd-Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"science"},{"issue":"S4","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1086\/342143","article-title":"The ecology and genetics of a host shift: Microbotryum as a model system","volume":"160","author":"J Antonovics","year":"2002","journal-title":"the american naturalist"},{"issue":"7142","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05775","article-title":"Origins of major human infectious diseases","volume":"447","author":"ND Wolfe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2005.02.009","article-title":"Emerging pathogens: the epidemiology and evolution of species jumps","volume":"20","author":"ME Woolhouse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends in ecology & evolution"},{"key":"ref88","first-page":"51","article-title":"Wildlife and emerging zoonotic diseases: The biology, circumstances and consequences of cross-species transmission","author":"E Holmes","year":"2007"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004395","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004395","article-title":"The evolution and genetics of virus host shifts","volume":"10","author":"B Longdon","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T05:23:20Z","timestamp":1663651400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217929"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Serrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0217929","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]}}}