{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T18:49:57Z","timestamp":1770490197871,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T17:25:08Z","timestamp":1562088308000},"page":"e0218243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A feasibility study with process evaluation of a teacher led resource to improve measures of child health"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4320-4615","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Duncan S.","family":"Buchan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"McLellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann-Marie","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Arthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60460-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"384","author":"M Ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Health Survey for England. Health Survey for England 2015\u2014GOV.UK [Internet]. [cited 15 Aug 2017]. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/health-survey-for-england-health-survey-for-england-2015\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/health-survey-for-england-health-survey-for-england-2015<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"&quot;The Scottish Health Survey\u20142015 Edition","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.03.021","article-title":"Tracking of serum lipid levels, blood pressure, and body mass index from childhood to adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study","volume":"159","author":"J Juhola","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31815a51b3","article-title":"Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer","volume":"40","author":"RP Troiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq272","article-title":"Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis","volume":"40","author":"SC Dumith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1309753","article-title":"Incidence of Childhood Obesity in the United States","volume":"370","author":"SA Cunningham","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20515","article-title":"School-based obesity prevention programs: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"21","author":"S Sobol-Goldberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Silver Spring Md"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.030270","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to improve daily fruit and vegetable intake in children aged 5 to 12 y","volume":"96","author":"CEL Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"CD007651","article-title":"School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18","volume":"2","author":"M Dobbins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509993370","article-title":"Effectiveness of school-based interventions in Europe to promote healthy nutrition in children and adolescents: systematic review of published and \u201cgrey\u201d literature","volume":"103","author":"E Van Cauwenberghe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-626","article-title":"Promoting healthy weight in primary school children through physical activity and nutrition education: a pragmatic evaluation of the CHANGE! randomised intervention study","volume":"13","author":"SJ Fairclough","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.07.012","article-title":"School-based interventions on childhood obesity: a meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"C Gonzalez-Suarez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87929","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087929","article-title":"Long-term effect of a school-based physical activity program (KISS) on fitness and adiposity in children: a cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"U Meyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g3256","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g3256","article-title":"Effect of intervention aimed at increasing physical activity, reducing sedentary behaviour, and increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children: active for Life Year 5 (AFLY5) school based cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"348","author":"RR Kipping","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.153.4.409","article-title":"Reducing obesity via a school-based interdisciplinary intervention among youth: Planet Health","volume":"153","author":"SL Gortmaker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12058","article-title":"The views of stakeholders on the role of the primary school in preventing childhood obesity: a qualitative systematic review","volume":"14","author":"J Clarke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Rev Off J Int Assoc Study Obes"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1177\/0017896915614333","article-title":"Initial teacher training to promote health and well-being in schools\u2013A systematic review of effectiveness, barriers and facilitators","volume":"75","author":"J Shepherd","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Educ J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/dal059","article-title":"Becoming a health promoting school: evaluating the process of effective implementation in Scotland","volume":"22","author":"J Inchley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2293-1","article-title":"Lessons learned from the AFLY5 RCT process evaluation: implications for the design of physical activity and nutrition interventions in schools","volume":"15","author":"R Jago","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Scottish Government SAH. A Curriculum for Excellence\u2014The Curriculum Review Group [Internet]. 1 Nov 2004 [cited 15 Aug 2017]. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.gov.scot\/Publications\/2004\/11\/20178\/45862\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.gov.scot\/Publications\/2004\/11\/20178\/45862<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1080\/03054980903518951","article-title":"The development of Scotland\u2019s Curriculum for Excellence: amnesia and d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu","volume":"36","author":"M Priestley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oxf Rev Educ"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-14-15","article-title":"Process evaluations for cluster-randomised trials of complex interventions: a proposed framework for design and reporting","volume":"14","author":"A Grant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2011-200375","article-title":"Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions: new Medical Research Council guidance","volume":"66","author":"P Craig","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"350","article-title":"Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance","author":"GF Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"The BMJ"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref26","first-page":"S32","article-title":"A comparative analysis of weight to height and waist to hip circumference indices as indicators of the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Canadian Heart Health Surveys Research Group","volume":"157","author":"M Ledoux","year":"1997","journal-title":"CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.73.1.25","article-title":"Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990","volume":"73","author":"TJ Cole","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601240","article-title":"The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0\u201316.9 y","volume":"55","author":"HD McCarthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Pan H, Cole T. LMSchartmaker, a program to construct growth references using the LMS method. 2010;"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.130","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in young children: definitions and results of the IDEFICS study","volume":"38","author":"W Ahrens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.09.051","article-title":"The hypertriglyceridemic waist, waist-to-height ratio, and cardiometabolic risk","volume":"162","author":"DP Bailey","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1080\/0950069970190501","article-title":"Children\u2019s understanding of food and health in primary classrooms","volume":"19","author":"SA Turner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Sci Educ"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-014-0112-1","article-title":"Process evaluation design in a cluster randomised controlled childhood obesity prevention trial: the WAVES study","volume":"11","author":"TL Griffin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.07.011","article-title":"The size of a pilot study for a clinical trial should be calculated in relation to considerations of precision and efficiency","volume":"65","author":"J Sim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.185","article-title":"Sample size of 12 per group rule of thumb for a pilot study","volume":"4","author":"SA Julious","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharm Stat"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7321.1123","article-title":"Statistics notes: Analysing controlled trials with baseline and follow up measurements","volume":"323","author":"AJ Vickers","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Using SPSS for Windows: Analysing and Understanding Data","author":"S Green","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"173","article-title":"Analysing Qualitative Data","author":"J Richie","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Qualitative research &amp; evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice","author":"M Patton","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"A Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care J Int Soc Qual Health Care"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-83","article-title":"Bristol Girls Dance Project Feasibility Trial: outcome and process evaluation results","volume":"9","author":"R Jago","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2010.04.011","article-title":"Diet outcomes of a pilot school-based randomised controlled obesity prevention study with 9\u201310 year olds in England","volume":"51","author":"RR Kipping","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980012003618","article-title":"Examining the relationship between completeness of teachers\u2019 implementation of the Krachtvoer healthy diet programme and changes in students\u2019 dietary intakes","volume":"16","author":"KMHH Bessems","year":"2013","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cym078","article-title":"Appreciation and implementation of a school-based intervention are associated with changes in fruit and vegetable intake in 10- to 13-year old schoolchildren\u2014the Pro Children study","volume":"23","author":"M Wind","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyw007","article-title":"Implemented or not implemented? Process evaluation of the school-based obesity prevention program DOiT and associations with program effectiveness","volume":"31","author":"F van Nassau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1108\/HE-11-2013-0055","article-title":"Health promoting schools: consensus, strategies, and potential","volume":"114","author":"A Macnab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Educ"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.5.1021","article-title":"Metabolic markers in relation to nutrition and growth in healthy 4-y-old children in Sweden","volume":"84","author":"M Garemo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"1296","article-title":"Implementing a whole school physical activity and healthy eating model in rural and remote first nations schools: a process evaluation of action schools! BC","volume":"10","author":"P-J Naylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyp011","article-title":"Process evaluation of a school-based weight gain prevention program: the Dutch Obesity Intervention in Teenagers (DOiT)","volume":"24","author":"AS Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-448","article-title":"The process evaluation of It\u2019s Your Move!, an Australian adolescent community-based obesity prevention project","volume":"10","author":"LB Mathews","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k211","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k211","article-title":"Effectiveness of a childhood obesity prevention programme delivered through schools, targeting 6 and 7 year olds: cluster randomised controlled trial (WAVES study)","volume":"360","author":"P Adab","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Danish \u2018add-in\u2019 school-based health promotion: integrating health in curriculum time","author":"P Bentsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T07:32:46Z","timestamp":1589009566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218243"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Martinuzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218243","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]}}}